Protonation of p- & m-Nitroanilinium Ions Diethylene Glycol-Water Mixtures

118-12

Conductance of Hydrogen Halides in Diethylene Glycol at Different Temperatures

129-13

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY OF PELARGONIUM GRAVEOLENS L'HER

Objective: The present study investigates the qualitative and quantitative phytoconstituents and bactericidal effect of medicinally important Pelargonium graveolens L' Her leaves extracts. Methods: Preliminary phytochemical screening analyses were determined using standard protocol methods. In addition, antibacterial activities of the P. graveolens leaves extracts were evaluated by disc diffusion method against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Results: The results revealed that ethanolic extract of P. graveolens was found to be the predominant occurrence of phytochemicals (9/11) which contains flavonoid, phenol, tannins, saponins, reducing sugar, glycosides, terpenoids, anthraquinone, and phlorotannins while starch and steroids were absent. In quantitative estimation of bioactive phytoconstituents showed carbohydrates (74 mg/gdw), protein (41.25 mg/gdw), chlorophyll (2.2±0.05 mg/gdw), lipids (0.07 mg/gdw), tannins (135.3 gm/gdw), phenolic compounds (123.75 mg/gdw) and flavonoids (50 mg/gdw) were found to have higher amount in ethanolic extract followed by acetone, methanol and aqueous extract and also showed an inhibitory action on growth of tested bacteria. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of the P. graveolens leaves hold promises as a potential source of pharmaceutically important phytochemicals and also have strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia. Keywords: Phytochemical screening, Primary and secondary metabolites, Antibacterial screening, Pelargonium graveolen

Distribution of molluscan fauna in the Karangad estuarine mangroves, South East Coast of India

Distribution of molluscan fauna in the Karangad estuarine mangroves, South East Coast of Indi

Effect of selected chemicals on inducing relaxation in the dog conch Laevistrombus canarium (Linnaeus, 1758)

Adult dog conchs Laevistrombus canarium (60.6±1.23 mm shell length) were subjected to selected potential relaxant chemicals viz., magnesium chloride (MgCl2), magnesium sulphate (MgSO4), EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium), 2-phenoxyethanol (PE), menthol (ME) and the time taken to induce relaxation and recovery were studied. All the treatments were observed continuously for 30 min post-exposure. Among the selected relaxants, MgCl2 (30 g l-1) successfully induced adequate relaxation in 24.5 min. Relaxed conch presented an extended mantle and exhibited slow reaction to physical manipulation. Conchs exposed to all other treatments, retracted into their shells and did not show any sign of relaxation during the exposure period

Recent Nesting Record of Female Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas), at Pamban, Gulf of Mannar

A female green turtle was sighted at Pamban along the Gulf of Mannar just after the nesting on the beach on 15th January 2011. Morphometric measurements of the turtle were taken and data suggests that this individual is adult. A total number of laid eggs were 109. The distance between the nesting site and the high tide line was found to be 7 m. The depth and diameter of the nesting pit was 52 and 16 cm, whereas the mean egg diameter and weight were found to be 44.3 mm and 40.5 g respectively. Pamban coast may also be considered an important place for nesting, because of the continuous mixing of waters of GOM and Palk Bay areas, which in turn create current patterns continuously throughout the year in addition to the monsoon season. Conservation of nesting habitat along Gulf of Mannar will be important to maintain the green turtle population

पिंजरा मछ्ली पालन पद्धति के इंजनीयरी और तकनीकी पहलू

कृपया पूरा लेखा पढ

Successful seed production of Cobia, Rachycentron canadum, in India

Climate change is affecting farming systems worldwide. It is expected that the impacts will be disproportionately felt by small scale farmers who are already amongst the most poor and vulnerable members of the society. NACA’s efforts to map farmers’ perceptions and attitude towards climate change impacts and adaptive capacities to address these impacts in four Asian countries including the shrimp culture practices in India (CIBA-NACSA/MPEDA-NACA project) through the ‘Aquaclimate’ project is highly admirable. I hope the project will provide farmers with strategies to maintain their resilience in the face of climate change

Successful seed production of cobia Rachycentron canadum and its prospects for farming in India

Availability of adequate quantity of high value marine finfish seed is the major prerequisite for initiation and expansion of finfish mariculture. Breeding and seed production of marine finfishes of high value have been expanding in recent years internationally. Large quantities of hatchery produced seeds meet the need for sea cage farming in many countries (Hong and Zhang, 2003). It is well understood that the first step towards seed production technology is the development of broodstock. Prior to 1980s, broodstock of finfishes were grown mainly in indoor concrete tank