LabVIEW interface with Tango control system for a multi-technique X-ray spectrometry IAEA beamline end-station at Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste

A new synchrotron beamline end-station for multipurpose X-ray spectrometry applications has been recently commissioned and it is currently accessible by end-users at the XRF beamline of Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste. The end-station consists of an ultra-high vacuum chamber that includes as main instrument a seven-axis motorized manipulator for sample and detectors positioning, different kinds of X-ray detectors and optical cameras. The beamline end-station allows performing measurements in different X-ray spectrometry techniques such as Microscopic X-Ray Fluorescence analysis (µXRF), Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence analysis (TXRF), Grazing Incidence/Exit X-Ray Fluorescence analysis (GI-XRF/GE-XRF), X-Ray Reflectometry (XRR), and X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS). A LabVIEW Graphical User Interface (GUI) bound with Tango control system consisted of many custom made software modules is utilized as a user-friendly tool for control of the entire end-station hardware components. The present work describes this advanced Tango and LabVIEW software platform that utilizes in an optimal synergistic manner the merits and functionality of these well-established programming and equipment control tools

Clusters in weighted macroeconomic networks : the EU case. Introducing the overlapping index of GDP/capita fluctuation correlations

GDP/capita correlations are investigated in various time windows (TW), for the time interval 1990-2005. The target group of countries is the set of 25 EU members, 15 till 2004 plus the 10 countries which joined EU later on. The TW-means of the statistical correlation coefficients are taken as the weights (links) of a fully connected network having the countries as nodes. Thereafter we define and introduce the overlapping index of weighted network nodes. A cluster structure of EU countries is derived from the statistically relevant eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the adjacency matrix. This may be considered to yield some information about the structure, stability and evolution of the EU country clusters in a macroeconomic sense.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, 17 references, submitted to Physica A; proceedings of APFA

Quark Condensate in the Deuteron

We study the changes produced by the deuteron on the QCD quark condensate by means the Feynman-Hellmann theorem and find that the pion mass dependence of the pion-nucleon coupling could play an important role. We also discuss the relation between the many body effect of the condensate and the meson exchange currents, as seen by photons and pions. For pion probes, the many-body term in the physical amplitude differs significantly from that of soft pions, the one linked to the condensate. Thus no information about the many-body term of the condensate can be extracted from the pion-deuteron scattering length. On the other hand, in the Compton amplitude, the relationship with the condensate is a more direct one.Comment: to appear in Physics Review C (19 pages, 3 figures

Three-Nucleon Force Effects in Nucleon Induced Deuteron Breakup: Predictions of Current Models (I)

An extensive study of three-nucleon force effects in the entire phase space of the nucleon-deuteron breakup process, for energies from above the deuteron breakup threshold up to 200 MeV, has been performed. 3N Faddeev equations have been solved rigorously using the modern high precision nucleon-nucleon potentials AV18, CD Bonn, Nijm I, II and Nijm 93, and also adding 3N forces. We compare predictions for cross sections and various polarization observables when NN forces are used alone or when the two pion-exchange Tucson-Melbourne 3NF was combined with each of them. In addition AV18 was combined with the Urbana IX 3NF and CD Bonn with the TM' 3NF, which is a modified version of the TM 3NF, more consistent with chiral symmetry. Large but generally model dependent 3NF effects have been found in certain breakup configurations, especially at the higher energies, both for cross sections and spin observables. These results demonstrate the usefulness of the kinematically complete breakup reaction in testing the proper structure of 3N forces.Comment: 42 pages, 20 ps figures, 2 gif figure

Dynamics of Void and its Shape in Redshift Space

We investigate the dynamics of a single spherical void embedded in a Friedmann-Lema\^itre universe, and analyze the void shape in the redshift space. We find that the void in the redshift space appears as an ellipse shape elongated in the direction of the line of sight (i.e., an opposite deformation to the Kaiser effect). Applying this result to observed void candidates at the redshift z~1-2, it may provide us with a new method to evaluate the cosmological parameters, in particular the value of a cosmological constant.Comment: 19 pages, 11 figure

Nucleon-deuteron elastic scattering as a tool to probe properties of three-nucleon forces

Faddeev equations for elastic Nd scattering have been solved using modern NN forces combined with the Tucson-Melbourne two-pion exchange three-nucleon force, with a modification thereof closer to chiral symmetry and the Urbana IX three-nucleon force. Theoretical predictions for the differential cross section and several spin observables using NN forces only and NN forces combined with three-nucleon force models are compared to each other and to the existing data. A wide range of energies from 3 to 200 MeV is covered. Especially at the higher energies striking three-nucleon force effects are found, some of which are supported by the still rare set of data, some are in conflict with data and thus very likely point to defects in those three-nucleon force models.Comment: 30 pages, 14 Postscript figures; now minor changes in figures and reference

Resonance saturation for four-nucleon operators

In the modern description of nuclear forces based on chiral effective field theory, four-nucleon operators with unknown coupling constants appear. These couplings can be fixed by a fit to the low partial waves of neutron-proton scattering. We show that the so determined numerical values can be understood on the basis of phenomenological one-boson-exchange models. We also extract these values from various modern high accuracy nucleon-nucleon potentials and demonstrate their consistency and remarkable agreement with the values in the chiral effective field theory approach. This paves the way for estimating the low-energy constants of operators with more nucleon fields and/or external probes.Comment: 16 pp, REVTeX, 3 figure

The alpha-particle based on modern nuclear forces

The Faddeev-Yakubovsky equations for the alpha-particle are solved. Accurate results are obtained for several modern NN interaction models, which include charge-symmetry breaking effects in the NN force, nucleon mass dependences as well as the Coulomb interaction. These models are augmented by three-nucleon forces of different types and adjusted to the 3N binding energy. Our results are close to the experimental binding energy with a slight overbinding. Thus there is only little room left for the contribution of possible 4N interactions to the alpha-particle binding energy. We also discuss model dependences of the binding energies and the wave functions.Comment: 22 pages REVTeX 4, 12 figures, table with TM parameters added, typos corrected, version as published in PR

Charge-Symmetry Breaking and the Two-Pion-Exchange Two-Nucleon Interaction

Charge-symmetry breaking in the nucleon-nucleon force is investigated within an effective field theory, using a classification of isospin-violating interactions based on power-counting arguments. The relevant charge-symmetry-breaking interactions corresponding to the first two orders in the power counting are discussed, including their effects on the 3He-3H binding-energy difference. The static charge-symmetry-breaking potential linear in the nucleon-mass difference is constructed using chiral perturbation theory. Explicit formulae in momentum and configuration spaces are presented. The present work completes previously obtained results.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figure

Parity Violation in Proton-Proton Scattering at 221 MeV

TRIUMF experiment 497 has measured the parity violating longitudinal analyzing power, A_z, in pp elastic scattering at 221.3 MeV incident proton energy. This paper includes details of the corrections, some of magnitude comparable to A_z itself, required to arrive at the final result. The largest correction was for the effects of first moments of transverse polarization. The addition of the result, A_z=(0.84 \pm 0.29 (stat.) \pm 0.17 (syst.)) \times 10^{-7}, to the pp parity violation experimental data base greatly improves the experimental constraints on the weak meson-nucleon coupling constants h^{pp}_\rho and h^{pp}_\omega, and has implications for the interpretation of electron parity violation experiments.Comment: 17 pages RevTeX, 14 PostScript figures. Revised version with additions suggested by Phys. Rev.