Zinc oxide nanoparticles enhanced rice yield, quality, and zinc content of edible grain fraction synergistically

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been widely used in agriculture as a new type of Zn fertilizer, and many studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of ZnO NPs on plant growth. However, there are relatively few studies on the effects of application methods and appropriate dosages of ZnO NPs on rice yield, quality, grain Zn content, and distribution. Therefore, in the 2019 and 2020, field trials were conducted with six ZnO NPs basal application dosages of no ZnO NPs, 3.75 kg hm−2, 7.5 kg hm−2, 15 kg hm−2, 30 kg hm−2, and 60 kg hm−2, and the effects of ZnO NPs application on rice yield, quality, grain Zn content, and distribution were investigated. The results demonstrated that applying ZnO NPs in Zn-deficient soils (available Zn < 1.0 mg kg−1) increased rice grain yield by 3.24%–4.86% and 3.51%–5.12% in 2019 and 2020, respectively. In addition, ZnO NPs improved the quality of rice by increasing the head milling rate, reducing chalky grain percentage, and increasing the taste value and breakdown of rice. In terms of Zn accumulation in rice, ZnO NPs application significantly increased the Zn content in both milled rice and brown rice, compared with no Zn treatment, in 2019 and 2020, Zn content in milled rice significantly increased by 20.46%–41.09% and 18.11%–38.84%, respectively, and in brown rice significantly increased by 25.78%–48.30% and 20.86%–42.00%, respectively. However, the Zn fertilizer utilization gradually decreased with increasing ZnO NPs application dosage. From the perspective of yield, rice quality, Zn fertilizer utilization, and Zn accumulation, basal application of 7.5 kg–30 kg hm−2 ZnO NPs is beneficial for rice yield and quality improvement and rice Zn accumulation. This study effectively demonstrated that ZnO NPs could be a potential high‐performed fertilizer for enhancing rice yield, quality, and zinc content of edible grain fraction synergistically

Synthesis of Large-Area Highly Crystalline Monolayer Molybdenum Disulfide with Tunable Grain Size in a H₂ Atmosphere

Large-area and highly crystalline monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) with a tunable grain size was synthesized in a H₂ atmosphere. The influence of introduced H₂ on MoS₂ growth and grain size, as well as the corresponding mechanism, was tentatively explored by controlling the H₂ flow rate. The as-grown monolayer MoS₂ displays excellent uniformity and high crystallinity evidenced by Raman and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The Raman results also give an indication that the quality of the monolayer MoS₂ synthesized in a H₂ atmosphere is comparable to that synthesized by using seed or mechanical exfoliation. In addition, the electronic properties and dielectric inhomogeneity of MoS₂ monolayers were also detected <i>in situ</i> via scanning microwave microscopy, with measurements on impedance and differential capacitance (d<i>C</i>/d<i>V</i>). Back-gated field-effect transistors based on highly crystalline monolayer MoS₂ shows a field-effect mobility of ∼13.07 cm² V^–1 s^–1 and an <i>I</i>_on/<i>I</i>_off ratio of ∼1.1 × 10⁷, indicating that the synthesis of large-area and high-quality monolayer MoS₂ with H₂ is a viable method for electronic and optoelectronic applications

Erratum to: Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition) (Autophagy, 12, 1, 1-222, 10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356

non present