An evaluation of mesiodentes: A retrospective study with cone-beam computed tomography

Background: The mesiodens, located in the palatal midline between the two maxillary central incisors, is the most common type of supernumerary tooth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of mesiodentes according to shape, position, and complications using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Methods: This study was carried out retrospectively on the CBCT images of cases. The following data were recorded: age, gender, number, shape (conical, incisor, tuberculate, round), size (less than 8 mm, 8-16 mm, and over 16 mm), direction (vertical, semi-vertical, horizontal, inverted), position (impacted or erupted) of the mesiodens, any pathologies or complications (delayed eruption of adjacent tooth, root resorption, cystic formation, diastema, displacement of adjacent tooth) and relation with neighboring anatomical structures (nasal cavity, nasopalatine canal). Results: The age distribution of the patients ranged from 7 to 61 years; mean 16.8±14.2 years. In total, 65 mesiodens were seen in 50 patients. The results showed that; mesiodentes were observed in the form of an incisor tooth (38.5%) mostly, followed conical shape (33.8%). A majority of the mesiodentes were in vertical direction (38.5%) and impacted (92.3%) in the CBCT images. Thirty-six patients (72%) had one mesiodens, 13 patients (26%) had two, and one patient (2%) had three mesiodentes. The most common complication was delayed eruption (29.2%). No complications were found in 49.2% of the cases. Sixteen cases (24.1%) were associated with the nasal cavity, while 43 cases (66.1%) were associated with the nasopalatine canal. Conclusion: Radiographic examination, especially with CBCT images, is important for an exact diagnosis, evaluation, and management of mesiodens

Prevalence of halitosis and evaluation of etiological factors in a Turkish subpopulation

Aim: The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of halitosis in an adult Turkish subpopulation and to assess the relationship between halitosis and sociodemographics, self reported halitosis, etiological factors, by employing standardized procedures for measurement of halitosis. Methods: The study included 459 subjects who referred to oral diagnosis clinic of Gazi University Faculty Of Dentistry. The questionnaire including the questions of sociodemographic data, halitosis complaints, oral hygiene practices, extrinsic causes and extra-oral causes. In the clinical examination, dentition and soft tissues were evaluated. Tongue coating status, periodontal index, gingival index and plaque index were recorded. Values for halitosis were assessed by measurement of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) using portable sulphide monitor. Results: The questionnaire revealed that 46.6% of the subjects suffered from halitosis and females sufferred from halitosis more frequently than males. The prevalence of halitosis was 50.7% . A significant correlation was found between halitosis and tongue coating, periodontitis, gingivitis though PI did not affect halitosis. There were not significant correlations between halitosis and oral hygiene practices, extrinsic causes and extra-oral causes. Conclusion: This study showed that there was a high prevalence of halitosis in the Turkish population and the most important factors that influence halitosis were intra-oral causes

Repeatability of facial soft tissue thickness measurements for forensic facial reconstruction using X-ray images

The repeatability of facial soft tissue thickness measurements at 10 standard anatomical landmarks was evaluated using lateral X-ray images obtained from 50 adult subjects. The intra-and inter-observer error rates were calculated after four practitioners took measurements using Denta Pacs 8.1 software. The results indicated high inter- and intra-observer repeatability, suggesting X-ray images can be used to measure facial soft tissue thicknesses for the purpose of craniofacial reconstruction and superimposition

Diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin radyasyondan korunma ve uygulama bilgilerinin değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Dental radyografiler, ağız hastalıklarının tanısında önemli araçlardır. Lisans eğitimi sırasında diş hekimliği öğrencileri, klinik stajları sırasında gözetim altında dental röntgen cihazlarını kullanırlar. Bu anket çalışmasında diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin dental radyasyondan korunma ve uygulama bilgisinin değerlendirilmesi ile birlikte iyonize radyasyondan korunma konusunda farkındalık yaratmak amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya diş hekimliği 4. ve 5. sınıf öğrencileri dahil edildi. Katılımcılara, dental radyolojik tetkiklerle ilgili temel bilgilerin sorulduğu 11'i çoktan seçmeli, 8'i iki seçimli (Doğru ya da Yanlış) sorulardan oluşan bir anket uygulanmıştır.Bulgular: Toplamda 146 diş hekimliği öğrencisi (74 öğrenci 4. sınıf, 72 öğrenci 5. sınıf) anket sorularını cevaplandırmıştır. Öğrencilerden hiçbiri radyobiyoloji ile ilgili tüm soruları doğru bir şekilde cevaplayamamıştır. Periapikal radyografinin radyasyon dozu kesinlikle güvenlidir ve sağlığa hiçbir etkisi yoktur sorusunu % 82.2 katılımcı doğru olarak cevaplandırmıştır. Radyasyondan korunma bilgisinde görüntüleme prosedürü sırasında kurşun önlük ve tiroit koruyucu kullanma gerekliği % 88.3 öğrenci tarafından ankette belirtilmiştir.  Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçları diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin radyasyon biyolojisi ve radyasyondan korunma hakkında iyi derecede bilgiye sahip olduğu ve iki grup arasında farklılık olmadığını göstermektedir. Üniversitelerde hem diş hekimliği hem de radyoloji programlarında dental radyoloji dersine daha fazla önem verilmesi ve bu alanda sürekli eğitim gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz.ANAHTAR KELİMELER Dental radyografiler diş hekimliği öğrencisi, iyonize radyasyon, radyasyondan korunm

Nonisocyanate based polyurethane/silica nanocomposites and their coating performance

A series of silica nano-particles with different size were prepared by sol–gel technique, then surface modification by using cyclic carbonate functional organoalkoxysilane (CPS) was performed. Various amounts of carbonated silica particles directly added into carbonated soybean oil (CSBO) and carbonated polypropylene glycol (CPPG) resin mixture to prepare polyurethane–silica nanocomposite coating compositions by nonisocyanate route using an aliphatic diamine as a curing agent. Cupping, gloss, impact, and taber abrasion tests were performed on aluminum panels coated with those nano-composite formulations and tensile tests, thermogravimetric and SEM analyses were conducted on the free films prepared from the same coating formulations. An increase in abrasion resistance of CSBO-CPPG resin combination with the addition of silica was observed. In addition, the maximum weight loss of CSBO-CPPG resin combination was shifted to higher temperatures with incorporation of silica nano-particles The positive effect of modified silica particles on thermal stability of CSBO-CPPG system could be explained in such a way that PPG chains are able to disperse particles in the medium throughout the interactions between ether linkages and silanol groups

İkiz dişler; füzyon ve geminasyon: Vaka serisi

Amaç: Bu olgu sunumunun amacı; tesadüfen karşılaşılan, daimî dentisyondaki ikiz diş vakalarının klinik ve radyografik bulgularını sunmaktır.Olgu Tanımlanması: Dişlerdeki şekil anomalilerinden olan füzyon ve geminasyonu klinik muayene sırasında birbirinden ayırt etmek için ağız içindeki diş sayısına bakılmaktadır. Diş sayısında herhangi bir nedenle diş kaybı olmadan eksiklik varsa füzyon olarak tanımlanmaktadır; geminasyonda ise diş sayısı değişmeden sadece büyük diş görülmektedir. Gazi Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Ağız, Diş ve Çene Radyolojisi Anabilim Dalı’na birçok dental neden ile başvuran ve şikâyet nedenine göre radyografi istenen 8 hastanın (4 kadın, 4 erkek) intraoral ve radyografik muayenesinde ikiz dişlere rastlandı. Vakalarımızda geminasyon- füzyon ayrımı klinik ve radyografik inceleme ve diş sayısı ile tespit edildi.Bulgular: İkiz diş görülen 8 hastanın yaş ortalamaları 26.75 idi. İkiz dişlerin 3 tanesi geminasyon 5 tanesi ise füzyondu. İkiz dişlerin 4 tanesi kadınlarda (3’ü sağda (% 75) diğer 1‘i solda (% 25)), 4 tanesi erkeklerde (3’ü sağda (% 75), 1’i solda (% 25 )) görülmekteydiSonuç: Füzyon veya geminasyon tanısının konulması zor olsa da daimî dişlerde karşılaşma oranının yüksek olduğu göz ardı edilmemelidir. Patolojik bir bulgu vermedikçe klinik muayene sırasında gözden kaçma ihtimali yüksektir. Bu yüzden ikiz dişlerin daimî dentisyonda görülme prevalansı ile ilgili daha fazla araştırma yapılması gerektiği düşüncesindeyiz.ANAHTAR KELİMELER Füzyon, Geminasyon, İkiz dişle

Craniofacial Evaluation of Class I Turkish Adults: Bimler Analysis

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the facial type and skeletal relationships of Class I Turkish male and female adults by using Bimler cephalometric analysis.Materials and Method:The study sample included 82 randomly selected Turkish adults (42 female, 40 male) with an age range of 18–23 years. Cephalometric measurements defined by Bimler were used to determine skeletal relationships, including his suborbital facial index on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Variance analysis (ANOVA) was used for statistical assessment of the results.Results:The whole sample was found to be in the medium range according to Bimler. For all parameters, except the mandibular flexion (Cgo/CV), which showed hyperflexion with a mean 4.23° in female patients and 3.78° in male patients, Turkish adults show appropriate characteristics as defined by Bimler. There were no significant differences between men and women in most of the angular and linear measurements. Craniofacial height and depth values were significantly higher in men, showing a sex-based difference (p<0.001), whereas differences between the sexes concerning suborbital facial index (H/D) were nonsignificant.Conclusions:Ranges of Turkish population show similarity to those reported by Bimler. The whole sample was found to be in the medium range according to Bimler. Craniofacial height and depth values were significantly higher in men, showing sex-based difference. The mandible showed hyperflexion in both groups which indicates reduction of the height of the middle part of the face

Fit between humanitarian professionals and project requirements: hybrid group decision procedure to reduce uncertainty in decision-making

Choosing the right professional that has to meet indeterminate requirements is a critical aspect in humanitarian development and implementation projects. This paper proposes a hybrid evaluation methodology for some non-governmental organizations enabling them to select the most competent expert who can properly and adequately develop and implement humanitarian projects. This methodology accommodates various stakeholders’ perspectives in satisfying the unique requirements of humanitarian projects that are capable of handling a range of uncertain issues from both stakeholders and project requirements. The criteria weights are calculated using a two-step multi-criteria decision-making method: (1) Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process for the evaluation of the decision maker weights coupled with (2) Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to rank the alternatives which provide the ability to take into account both quantitative and qualitative evaluations. Sensitivity analysis have been developed and discussed by means of a real case of expert selection problem for a non-profit organisation. The results show that the approach allows a decrease in the uncertainty associated with decision-making, which proves that the approach provides robust solutions in terms of sensitivity analysis

Technical aspects and clinical limitations of sperm DNA fragmentation testing in male infertility: a global survey, current guidelines, and expert recommendations.

PURPOSE: Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) is a functional sperm abnormality that can impact reproductive potential, for which four assays have been described in the recently published sixth edition of the WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. The purpose of this study was to examine the global practices related to the use of SDF assays and investigate the barriers and limitations that clinicians face in incorporating these tests into their practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinicians managing male infertility were invited to complete an online survey on practices related to SDF diagnostic and treatment approaches. Their responses related to the technical aspects of SDF testing, current professional society guidelines, and the literature were used to generate expert recommendations via the Delphi method. Finally, challenges related to SDF that the clinicians encounter in their daily practice were captured. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 436 reproductive clinicians. Overall, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) is the most commonly used assay chosen by 28.6%, followed by the sperm chromatin structure assay (24.1%), and the sperm chromatin dispersion (19.1%). The choice of the assay was largely influenced by availability (70% of respondents). A threshold of 30% was the most selected cut-off value for elevated SDF by 33.7% of clinicians. Of respondents, 53.6% recommend SDF testing after 3 to 5 days of abstinence. Although 75.3% believe SDF testing can provide an explanation for many unknown causes of infertility, the main limiting factors selected by respondents are a lack of professional society guideline recommendations (62.7%) and an absence of globally accepted references for SDF interpretation (50.3%). CONCLUSIONS: This study represents the largest global survey on the technical aspects of SDF testing as well as the barriers encountered by clinicians. Unified global recommendations regarding clinician implementation and standard laboratory interpretation of SDF testing are crucial

Technical Aspects and Clinical Limitations of Sperm DNA Fragmentation Testing in Male Infertility: A Global Survey, Current Guidelines, and Expert Recommendations

PURPOSE: Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) is a functional sperm abnormality that can impact reproductive potential, for which four assays have been described in the recently published sixth edition of the WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. The purpose of this study was to examine the global practices related to the use of SDF assays and investigate the barriers and limitations that clinicians face in incorporating these tests into their practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinicians managing male infertility were invited to complete an online survey on practices related to SDF diagnostic and treatment approaches. Their responses related to the technical aspects of SDF testing, current professional society guidelines, and the literature were used to generate expert recommendations via the Delphi method. Finally, challenges related to SDF that the clinicians encounter in their daily practice were captured. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 436 reproductive clinicians. Overall, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) is the most commonly used assay chosen by 28.6%, followed by the sperm chromatin structure assay (24.1%), and the sperm chromatin dispersion (19.1%). The choice of the assay was largely influenced by availability (70% of respondents). A threshold of 30% was the most selected cut-off value for elevated SDF by 33.7% of clinicians. Of respondents, 53.6% recommend SDF testing after 3 to 5 days of abstinence. Although 75.3% believe SDF testing can provide an explanation for many unknown causes of infertility, the main limiting factors selected by respondents are a lack of professional society guideline recommendations (62.7%) and an absence of globally accepted references for SDF interpretation (50.3%). CONCLUSIONS: This study represents the largest global survey on the technical aspects of SDF testing as well as the barriers encountered by clinicians. Unified global recommendations regarding clinician implementation and standard laboratory interpretation of SDF testing are crucial