EFFECT OF BIOMASS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGE ON GRAIN YIELD AND QUALITY IN BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) GENOTYPES

The aim of this research was to determine the effects of location, genotypes and the interaction of location x genotypes on biomass, canopy temperature, yield and some of the quality traits of the bread wheat genotypes under field conditions. Thus, it was established with 25 genotypes in randomized completely blocks design with 4 replications at 3 locations in Trakya Region, Turkey, in 2013-2014 growing season. Grain yield, biomass, canopy temperature, plant height, 1000-kernel weight, test weight, and relationship among these characters were investigated. For determining biomass of the genotypes, data was taken at three plant growth stages; tillering, shooting and heading. Combined analysis of variance across three locations revealed highly significant variation among wheat genotypes for grain yield, biomass of stem elongation, heading stage and canopy temperature. The mean yield of the genotypes was 723.0 kg da-1, and the highest yields were obtained from Entry 22 with 826.3 kg da-1. The highest biomass was scaled in Entry-9 during threeplant growth stages. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between grain yield and biomass in tillering, shooting, and heading growth stages of the genotypes. These results indicated that higher biomass at early plant growth stage was more significant for yield potential. There was detected slightly negative relationship between canopy temperature and biomass, and grain yield. It could be that the canopy temperatures of genotypes were measured lower during the increasing of biomass in plant development. During tillering stage, higher biomass promoted to plant height and positively affected protein ratio, values of gluten and sedimentation. In shooting phase of genotypes, biomass positively affected and increased in 1000-kernel weight, protein ratio, gluten value and sedimentation value, as well. But increasing in biomass during heading stage, negatively affected and decreased in canopy temperature, 1000-kernel weight, test weight, protein ratio, gluten index and sedimentation value

DIFFERING IN AGRONOMIC AND QUALITY CHARACTERS IN SOME BACKCROSS–DERIVED LINES IN BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) GENOTYPES

The backcrossing method remains an efficient tool for transferring genes into established crop varieties. In this study; we were focused on evaluating the selected some backcross lines for yield, grain-quality traits and some agronomic traits under field condition. The experiment was conducted using 15 genotypes in randomized completely blocks design with four replications in Trakya ARI experimental field, during 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 growing years. Grain yield, days of heading and maturing, plant height and some quality parameters and relationship among these parameters were investigated. According to results, there was statistically difference among genotypes in terms of yield and other investigated characters, except for 1000-kernel weight, test weight. Grain yields decreased in Pehlivan, Aldane, Tekirdağ and Dropia backcross lines. It was determined that TKW increased in the backcross derived lines of the Gelibolu, Dropia and Prostor, gluten value increased in Pehlivan and Tekirdağ cultivars. Backcross line for gluten index of the Pehlivan, Aldane, Gelibolu, Prostor and Dropia cultivars highly increased compared with other components. Sedimentation values of the backcross lines of cultivars decreased in Prostor and increased in Pehlivan, Gelibolu and Dropia. The strongly negative correlations were measured between grain yield and days of maturing (r=-0.689**), plant height (r=-0.655**), and lodging resistant (r=-0.743**). Also, grain yield was negatively correlated with protein ratio (r=-0.608*), gluten value (r=-0.541*), and days of heading (r=-0.607*). The negative correlations were found between grain yield and 1000-kernel weight, test weight, hardness, sedimentation, and winter-kill, as well. The strong positive correlations were measured between protein ratio and gluten, hardness, sedimentation, days of heading and maturing, plant height, and lodging resistant. Grain hardness in genotypes increased with the extension of maturation period of the genotypes. Plant height in genotypes strongly correlated with grain yield, protein ratio, gluten value, gluten index, days of heading and maturing

Effects of High-Oxygen Modified Atmosphere Packaging on the Microbiological Quality and Shelf Life of Tekirdag Kofte: A Turkish Type Meatball

Effects of different concentrations of O-2/CO2/N-2 in modified atmosphere packaging on the microbiological quality and shelf-life of Tekirdag kofte (a Turkish type meatball) was investigated. For this purpose, meatballs were separately packaged under aerobic and various gas mixture conditions of 80:20:0, 60:20:20, 70:30:0 and 60:40:0/O-2:CO2:N-2. Packages were stored at refrigerator temperature (4 +/- 1 degrees C) for 12 days and examined microbiologically comparing with pH and oxidative changes during storage. As a result, the quality and shelf-life of meatballs under various gas compositions were improved; microbial growth was delayed due to increasing level of CO2 usage and shelf-life was increased by up to 8 days

The Effects Of Non-Governmental Organizations On Education In Turkey

Bu araştırmanın amacı; Türkiye'de sivil toplum kuruluşlarının eğitim politikaları ve uygulamaları üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesine katkı sağlamaktır. Nitel araştırma modeline göre tasarlanan bu çalışmanın örneklemi, araştırma konusuna dair zengin veri kaynağı sunacağı düşünülen 13 sivil toplum kuruluşundan oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışma grubunu oluşturan sivil toplum kuruluşları; DES, ERG, EĞİTİM-SEN, EĞİTİM-İş, EĞİTİM-BİR-SEN, LDT, SETA, TOBB Türkiye Eğitim Meclisi, TED, TÜRK EĞİTİM-SEN, TEGV, TİSK ve TÖZOK olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma grubunu oluşturan sivil toplum kuruluşu temsilcilerinin görüşlerinin alınması amacıyla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş ve görüşmeler sonucunda toplanan verilerin analizinde içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçları şu şekilde özetlemek mümkündür: 1) Sivil toplum kuruluşlarının genel olarak varlık sebepleri; eğitim çalışanlarının mesleki, ekonomik, sosyal, siyasi ve özlük hak ve menfaatlerinin korunması ile eğitim politikalarının oluşturulmasına katkıda bulunma iken; hedef kitlesi ise öğretmen, öğretim elemanı, öğrenci ve eğitimin diğer paydaşlarıdır (yönetici, veli, memur, hizmetli vs.). 2) Sivil toplum kuruluşları tarafından en çok odaklanılan eğitim politikaları müfredat, dersler, ders kitapları, öğretim programları, eğitimin içeriği, öğretme-öğrenme süreçleri, materyaller, öğrenme ortamları ile eğitime erişim, eşitlik, cinsiyet eşitliği, fırsat eşitliği, eğitim hakkı, okul terki, çalışan çocuklar, çocuk hakları, barınma problemi, burslar başlıklarında yoğunlaşmaktadır. 3) YÖK, MEB, diğer bakanlıklar ve siyasi partiler düzeyinde lobicilik faaliyetleri sivil toplum kuruluşlarının eğitim politikalarını etkilemede en sık kullandıkları yöntemdir. 4) Sivil toplum kuruluşları genel olarak eğitim politikaları üzerinde sınırlı etkileri olduğunu düşünmekte; karar alıcılarla eğitim alanındaki ilişkilerinde sıklıkla kişisel ilişkilere dayalı yaklaşıma vurgu yapmakta; kamu yöneticilerinden en çok iletişime açık, katılımcı ve paylaşımcı olmalarını talep etmekte ve son olarak karar alıcılarla ilişkilerinde etki güçlerinin olduğunu düşünmektedirler.The aim of this study is to contribute determining the effects of non-governmental organizations on educational policies and practices in Turkey. The sample of this study, which is designed according to qualitative research model, consists of 13 non-governmental organizations that are thought to present a rich data source. Study group of this work is determined as DES, ERG, EĞİTİM-SEN, EĞİTİM-İş, EĞİTİM-BİR-SEN, LDT, SETA, TOBB Turkish Education Assembly, TED, TÜRK EĞİTİM-SEN, TEGV, TİSK, and TÖZOK. In order to receive the opinion of the non-governmental organizationsz representatives, semi-structured interviews are carried out, and at the end of them, content analysis technique is used in the analysis of the data obtained. It is possible to summarize the results of the study as follows: 1) While the general reasons for being of non-governmental organization are protection of social, political and personal rights and interests of educational employees and contribution to formation of educational policies, its target audience consists of teachers, lecturers, students, and other shareholders of education (administrators, parents, officers, janitors etc.). 2) The most focused educational policies by non-governmental organizations are mainly on syllabus, courses, course books, curriculum, learning content, the process of teaching-learning, materials, learning environment, access to education, equality, gender equality, equality of opportunity, right to education, dropping out school, child labour, rights of children, accommodation problems, and scholarships. 3) The lobbying actions on the levels of The Council of Higher Education (YÖK), Ministry of National Education (MEB), other ministries, and political parties are the most often used way of influencing educational policies by non-governmental organizations. 4) Non-governmental organizations generally think that they have limited impact on educational policies; they emphasize the personal relations between them and policy makers for their affairs in education; they demand government executives to be open to communication, participative, and sharer; finally, they consider that they can influence the policy makers in their relations between them

Öğrenci Gözünden: Hemşireliğin Bakım Verici Rolü

Amaç: Bu çalışma hemşirelik öğrencilerinin bakım verici rolüne ilişkin tutumlarını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Yöntem: Araştırma bir ilde bulunan sağlık bilimleri fakültesi hemşirelik bölümü üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri ile yapılmıştır.Araştırma 2019-2020 eğitim- öğretim yılında aktif klinik uygulamaya katılan 282 öğrenci ile yapılmıştır. Araştırma verileriaraştırmacılar tarafından literatür ışığında hazırlanan “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve “Hemşirenin Bakım Verici Rollerine İlişkin TutumÖlçeği (HBRTÖ)” formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır.Bulgular: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin HBRTÖ toplam puan ortalaması 68.60±7.34 olup, öğrencilerin hemşirelikte bakım verici roleilişkin tutumlarının yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca hemşirelik bölümü üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıf lisans öğrencilerinin yaş vecinsiyetlerinin hemşirelerin bakım verici rollerine ilişkin tutumlarını etkilemediği belirlenmiştir. Ancak mesleği sevdiği için tercih edenöğrencilerin “Hemşirenin Öz bakım Gereksinimlerini Gidermesi ve Danışmanlık Rolü” (p=0.01), “Hemşirenin Tedavi SürecindekiRolü” alt boyut (p=0.04) ve toplam ölçek puanlarının (p=0.02) anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır.Sonuç: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin hemşirelerin bakım verici rollerine ilişkin tutumlarının yüksek olduğu, mesleği sevdiği için terciheden öğrencilerin hemşirelik mesleğinin bakım rollerine ilişkin daha olumlu tutum içinde oldukları saptanmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Bakım, hemşirelik, hemşirelik eğitimi, bakım verici rol, tutum.&nbsp;</p