Level of aspiration in two types of delinquents

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityThis research studied ego functioning in two classes of delinquents and one class of non-delinquents in relation to informational cues mediated through an authority figure. The particular focus was the ability of the different classes of delinquents to utilize cues based in the social referents 'self' and others. In the present study, the commission of delinquent acts was viewed as indicative of the presence of some departure from normal ego development. Normal ego development is characterized, in psychoanalytic theory, by the gradual decrease of exclusive self-interest and the eventual abandonment of infantile omnipotence conceptions. These genetically early-appearing modes of ego functioning give way to interest in others and to the use of others for purposes of reality testing. The eventual development of an adequate, independent rewarding superego occurs which functions in the creation of guilt and of inner rewards. Severe disruption of normal ego development is seen as related to the mother's management and attitude towards the child in his early life. Disruption in the earliest phases is seen as distorting future ego development and functioning [TRUNCATED]

Exploring Engagement Characteristics and Behaviours of Environmental Volunteers

Environmental volunteering and environmental citizen science projects both have a pivotal role in civic participation. However, one of the common challenges is recruiting and retaining an adequate level of participant engagement to ensure the sustainability of these projects. Thus, understanding patterns of participation is fundamental to both types of projects. This study uses and builds on existing quantitative approaches used to characterise the nature of volunteer engagement in online citizen science projects, to see whether similar participatory patterns exist in offline environmental volunteering projects. The study uses activity records of environmental volunteers from a UK environmental charity “The Conservation Volunteers,” and focuses on three characteristics linked to engagement: longevity, frequency, and distance travelled. Findings show differences in engagement patterns and contributor activity between the three UK regions of Greater London, Greater Manchester, and Yorkshire. Cluster analysis revealed three main types of volunteer engagement profiles which are similar in scale across all regions, namely participants can be grouped into “One-Session,” “Short-Term,” and “Long-Term” volunteer. Of these, the “One-Session” volunteer accounted for the largest group of volunteers

Effect of cyclosporine on hepatic cytosolic estrogen and androgen receptor levels before and after partial hepatectomy

Estrogen and androgen receptors within the liver have been reported to modulate the hepatic regenerative response to partial hepatectomy. Moreover, cyclosporine has several untoward effects that might occur as a consequence of alterations in sex hormone activity. To evaluate these questions the following experiments were performed. Estrogen and androgen receptors in cytosol were quantitated in livers of rats treated with cyclosporine or olive oil vehicle before and after partial hepatectomy or a sham operation. Ornithine decarboxylase activity and thymidine kinase activity were assessed as indices of hepatic regeneration. Preoperative levels of estrogen receptor activity in the hepatic cytosol were significantly greater in rats treated with cyclosporine as compared to vehicle treated controls (P<0.01). In contrast, preoperative levels of androgen receptor activity in the cyclosporine-treated and vehicle-treated animals were similar. Following partial hepatectomy, a reduction in the activity of both sex hormone receptors in the hepatic cytosol was observed and was compatible with results described previously in normal animals. Unexpectedly the preoperative levels of ornithine decarboxylase (P<0.01) and thymidine kinase activity (P<0.01) were significantly greater in the rats treated with cyclosporine as compared to the vehicle treated controls. As expected, ornithine decarboxylase activity (at 6 hr) and thymidine kinase activity (at 24 hr) rose and peaked in response to a partial hepatectomy but were significantly greater (P<0.05) in the rats treated with cyclosporine as compared to the vehicle. These results show that cyclosporine treatment causes an increase in the hepatic content of estrogen receptor activity that is associated with an enhanced potential for a regenerative response. These effects of cyclosporine treatment on the sex hormone receptor levels in liver may explain the mechanisms responsible for some of the untoward effects of treatment with this agent. © 1990 Plenum Publishing Corporation

RITUAL, TIME, AND ENTERNITY

It is argued here that the construction of time and eternity are among ritual's entailments. In dividing continuous duration into distinct periods ritual distinguishes two temporal conditions: (1) that prevailing in mundane periods and (2) that prevailing during the intervals between them. Differences in the frequency, length, and relationship among the rituals constituting different liturgical orders are considered, as are differences between mundane periods and ritual's intervals with respect to social relations, cognitive modes, meaningfulness, and typical interactive frequencies. Periods, it is observed, relate to intervals as everchanging to never-changing, and close relationships of never changing to eternity, eternity to sanctity, and sanctity to truth are proposed. In the argument that ritual's “times out of time” really are outside mundane time, similarities to the operations of digital computers and Herbert Simon's discussion of interaction frequencies in the organization of matter are noted.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72989/1/j.1467-9744.1992.tb00996.x.pd

The Ursinus Weekly, December 5, 1949

WSSF drive collects donations of $440 in$1,000 endeavor • Festive air to reign at \u2750\u27s starlight ball • Wilson and Styres return as soloists for Messiah • Women to complete plans for yuletide • Armstrong to give Christmas message • \u27Ruby\u27 to complete individuals\u27 orders in picture schedule • Hordern expounds need for revision in foreign policy • Juniors elect head for \u27Ruby\u27 business • Oratorio reflects composer\u27s faith • Academy students present concert for campus body • Debaters travel to Rider for novice broadcast meet • Remig wins school with affable nature as maintenance department assistant • Fall play cast scores hit with Pygmalion • John O\u27Hara tells of summer tour in England, France • Academy publishes December program of varied concerts • Part 1 of the perennial Weekly saga • Preceding Christmas seasons provide color for traditional campus yuletide • Quarter of students hold self-help jobs • Matmen strive to better last year\u27s good record • Evans, Duncan triumph in field hockey tourney • Statistics register grid strong points for current season • Baker\u27s bums bow to Snell\u27s belles in annual meeting • Bears win first 59-30 over crusader squad • Practice games set to launch campus basketball schedule • Pattison to captain \u2749 swimming team in tough schedule • Jayvee team opens season with victory • Ursinus establishes new disposal plant • Chess men reach deadlock in third Lansdale match • Glenwood-Lynnewood leads in interdorm hockey racehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1579/thumbnail.jp

Soft systems methodology: a context within a 50-year retrospective of OR/MS

Soft systems methodology (SSM) has been used in the practice of operations research and management science OR/MS) since the early 1970s. In the 1990s, it emerged as a viable academic discipline. Unfortunately, its proponents consider SSM and traditional systems thinking to be mutually exclusive. Despite the differences claimed by SSM proponents between the two, they have been complementary. An extensive sampling of the OR/MS literature over its entire lifetime demonstrates the richness with which the non-SSM literature has been addressing the very same issues as does SSM

Effect of tamoxifen on hepatic regeneration in male rats

A number of metabolic changes within the liver occur concurrent with hepatic regeneration. These processes suggest that the administration of an antiestrogen might alter the rate of hepatic regeneration. To examine this question, male Wistar rats were treated with tamoxifen (0.1 mg/rat/day or 1.0 mg/rat/day) or vehicle for three days prior to and after partial hepatectomy, and the anatomic and biochemical process of hepatic regeneration was assessed. Tamoxifen administration caused a dose-dependent decrease in the hepatic cytosolic estrogen receptor activity and, conversely, a dose-dependent increase in cytosolic androgen receptor activity. Despite these changes in baseline hepatic sex steroid receptor status, all receptor activities were comparable between the three groups within 24 hr of partial hepatectomy. Moreover, no differences in any of the the parameters assessing hepatic regeneration following partial hepatectomy were evident: liver-body ratio, ornithine decarboxylase activity, and thymidine kinase activity. This lack of effect of tamoxifen treatment on hepatic regeneration suggests either that estrogens do not play a role in the modulation of liver growth after partial hepatectomy or that, once initiated, the regenerative process per se determines a series of events that regulate hepatocellular sex hormone receptor status independent of extrahepatic stimuli. © 1989 Plenum Publishing Corporation