Production and evaluation of doubled haploid lines of barley via detached-tiller culture method

This research was conducted to compare the classic (C) and detached-tiller methods (a: sterile by clip and scissors D1; b: sterile by hot water D2) for producing haploids in barley. The parental materials used in this research were F1 four genotypes of Hordeum vulgare: B1: Reihane × Legia; B2: Reihan × Igri; B3: Kavir × Igri; B4: Kavir × Legia, and the Hordeum bulbosum was PB1 genotype (Plant Breeding Institute). The traits such as seed set percentage, embryo development, haploid seedling development and produced doubled haploid lines were analyzed statically using χ2 test. The comparison was made among arable barley B1, B2, B3, B4 crossing wild barley of H. bulbosum. In C approach, there was no significant difference concerning the percent of forming seed, embryo and haploid production. While in D1 approach, there was a significant difference in embryo forming percent but no significant difference was observed for haploid plant and seed set percent. Moreover, in D2 approach, there was a significant difference for seed set percent. However, for haploid production and embryo development percent, the approach D1 in regards with the percent of forming embryo and production of haploids was superior to the other two approaches, C and D2.Key words: Detached-tiller culture, haploid, doubled haploid, Hordeum bulbosum, Hordeum vulgare

Factors associated with the severity of fatal accidents in construction workers

Background: Construction work (building houses, roads, workplaces, and repairing and maintaining infrastructures) is a dangerous land-based job. This includes many hazardous tasks and conditions such as working at the following conditions: Height, excavation, noise, dust, power tools and equipment. Construction work has been increased in developed and underdeveloped countries over the past few years. Occupational fatalities have increased with an increase in this type of work. Occupational fatalities refer to individuals who pass way while on the job or performing work related tasks. In the present study, to identify the factors, personal characteristics and work-related factors associated with fatal occupational mortality were assessed using data for Tehran, Iran, 2014-2016. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study, using 967 postmortem reports from fatal occupational injuries collected through postmortem investigations during 2014-2016. A sampling frame of 967 postmortem reports from fatal occupational injuries was used to draw a total sample of 714 fatal construction accidents for this cross-sectional study. Pearson �2 test and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Based on the results of this study, male gender (n=714; 100), age range of 30-39 years (n=183; 25.6), secondary educational level (n=273; 38.2), being married (317; 44.4), causal employee (n=389; 54.5), unskilled performance (389; 54.5), no insurance coverage (472; 66.1), and daytime duty work (287; 40.2) were identified as risk factors for fatality in the event of construction fatal injury. A significant relationship was found between the type of injury and sociodemographic and work related variables. Conclusion: Workers' characteristics such as age, gender, experience, and educational background, and work related variables such as skill training, safety measurement, and close monitoring could be used to discriminate among different severity levels of occupational fatal accidents

Re-quantization Two-Layer MPEG-I Coding Algorithm

: This paper addresses the issue of cell loss and its consequent effect on video quality. A two-layer coding system is proposed to maintain picture quality above a threshold while transmitting through a lossy channel. The system consists of a re-quantization two-layer coding at its encoder and a two-step recovery with slice-based error concealment at its decoder. The simulation performance of this system is evaluated and compared with a single layer system. It is shown that good resilience and efficiency improvement can be achieved by the proposed system. A multiplicative ARIMA model is proposed to represent and forecast the number of cells per frame for the encoded video traffic. The values obtained by this model and by an AR(1) model are compared with the actual values. The results show that the proposed model gives rise to higher goodness-of-fit. 1. INTRODUCTION Broadband Integrated Services Digital Networks (BISDN) and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) enable variable bit rate (VB..

The [limited] impact of weather on tourist behavior in an urban destination

This study evaluated the impact of actual weather encountered and perceptions of the comfort of the weather on tourist movements in Hong Kong. Data were collected using both questionnaire surveys and Global Positioning System tracking devises. Prior research conducted in nonurban areas suggests that weather has a significant impact on tourist behavior. This study determined that urban tourists are more weather resilient, as neither actual nor perceived weather affected behavior to any great extent. Perceived comfort levels did affect satisfaction for a small minority of visitors

Live Modeling in the Context of State Machine Models and Code Generation

International audienceLive modeling has been recognized as an important technique to edit behavioral models while being executed and helps in better understanding the impact of a design choice. In the context of Model-driven Development (MDD) models can be executed by interpretation or by the translation of models into existing programming languages, often by code generation. This work is concerned with the support of live modeling in the context of state machine models when they are executed by code generation. To this end, we propose an approach that is completely independent of any live programming support offered by the target language. This independence is achieved with the help of a model transformation which equips the model with support for features which are required for live modeling. A subsequent code generation then produces a self-reflective program that allows changes to the model elements at runtime (through synchronization of design and runtime models). We have applied the approach in the context of UML-RT and created a prototype (Live-UMLRT) that provides a full set of services for live modeling of UML-RT state machines such as re-execution, adding/removing states and transitions, and adding/removing action code. We have evaluated the prototype on several use-cases. The evaluation shows that (1) generation of a self-reflective and model instrumentation can be carried out with reasonable performance, and (2) our approach can apply model changes to the running execution faster than the standard approach that depends on the live programming support of the target language