Bucky gel actuator for morphing applications

Since the demonstration of Bucky Gel Actuator (BGA) in 2005, a great deal of effort has been exerted to develop novel applications for electro-active morphing materials. Three-layered bimorph nanocomposite has become an excellent candidate for morphing applications since it can be easily fabricated, operated in air, and driven with few volts. There has been limited published study on the mechanical properties of BGA. In this study, the effect of three parameters: layer thickness, carbon nanotube type, and weight fraction of components, on the mechanical properties was investigated. Samples were characterized via nano-indentation and DMA. It was found that BGA composed of 22 wt% single-walled carbon nanotubes and 45 wt% ionic liquid exhibited the highest hardness, adhesion, elastic and storage moduli. Most of BGA potential applications would require control over one BGA output: displacement. In this study, various sets of experiments were designed to investigate the effect of several parameters on the maximum lateral displacement of BGA. Two input parameters: voltage and frequency, and three material/design parameters: carbon nanotube type, thickness, and weight fraction of constituents, were selected. A new thickness ratio term was also introduced to study the role of individual layers on BGA displacement. In addition, an important factor in the design of BGA-based devices, lifetime, was investigated. Finally, possible degradation of BGA was studied by repeating displacement measurements after several weeks of being stored. Based on displacement studies, a new model was established utilizing nonlinear regression to predict BGA maximum displacement based on the effect of these parameters. This model was verified by comparing its predictions with other reported results in the literature. The model displayed a very good fit with various reported cases of BGA samples made with different types of CNT and ionic liquid. Microfluidics is a promising field of application for BGA. A brief literature review on the electroactive mechanisms used in microfluidics is presented. Preliminary force studies proved that BGA has the capability to be employed as a microvalve. A flow regulator utilizing a BGA microvalve was designed and fabricated. Flow rate measurements showed the capability of BGA-valve in manipulating the flow rate in different ranges

Problem-solving capacities of spiritual intelligence for artificial intelligence

AbstractSpiritual intelligence (S-intelligence) is able to engage with problems of meaning and value in order to solve them. In the present work, we studied the S-intelligence capacities that can be used to solve artificial intelligence (AI) problems. For this purpose, we proposed a new definition of problem solving that can manipulate spiritual aspects of the problems and conform to the requirements, conditions and capacity of S-intelligence models. Also we provided the definitions of S-intelligence, S-problems and S-methods for problem solving

An analytical approach to obtain exact solutions of some space-time conformable fractional differential equations

Abstract In this paper, the sine-Gordon expansion method is used to obtain analytical solutions of the conformable space-time generalized reaction Duffing model and conformable space-time Eckhaus equation with the aid of symbolic computation. These equations can be reduced into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using a suitable wave transformation with a predicted polynomial-type solution

Application of Lie Symmetry Analysis and Simplest Equation Method for Finding Exact Solutions of Boussinesq Equations

The Lie symmetry approach with simplest equation method is used to construct exact solutions of the bad Boussinesq and good Boussinesq equations. As the simplest equation, we have used the equation of Riccati

Long-term Survival of Multiple Myeloma Based on CBC Test at Diagnosis Using Defective Marshall-Olkin Cure Model

Introduction: As a malignant proliferative disorder, multiple myeloma (MM) is classified as a cancer of the immune system. Generally, a complete blood count (CBC) is the first test for a patient with symptoms of MM. Through CBC, physicians can monitor abnormalities in the blood. To normalize malignancies in their blood, patients must first go through conventional chemotherapy. Afterward, if eligible, subjects would receive high-dose therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Primarily, patients would be subjected to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT). Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study consisted of 56 MM patients who were diagnosed between January 2010 and August 2016 and were followed up until February 2022. The survival rate of MM patients was assessed based on CBC test at the time of diagnosis. The clinical conditions, i.e., Thrombocytopenia, Leukopenia, and Anemia, were extracted from the CBC test and were used as the desired prognostic factors in companion with age at diagnosis. Overall survival based on the mentioned factors was analyzed using the defective Marshall-Olkin gompertz cure model, which was programmed in R software version 4.0.3. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 52.76 (SD = 7.1). The probability of long-term survival for patients in this study was 46%, with five-year overall survival equaling 73.2%. Patients with thrombocytopenia had about 86% lower odds of long-term survival compared with patients with normal Platelet levels (Plt). Conclusion: The present study indicates that deficiency in Plt count is a significant factor leading to poor survival of MM patients

Fractional Subequation Method for Cahn-Hilliard and Klein-Gordon Equations

The fractional subequation method is applied to solve Cahn-Hilliard and Klein-Gordon equations of fractional order. The accuracy and efficiency of the scheme are discussed for these illustrative examples