Aggregated End-to-end Visibility and its Application on Rapid and Automatic Outage Triage in Monitoring Microservices

In a microservice architecture, a user request can go through a large number of servers owned by several different teams before a response is returned. The request can fail due to failure in any of the servers. Troubleshooting an outage that affects the end user experience in microservice architecture can involve multiple teams and can take a substantial amount of time. This disclosure describes techniques to rapidly locate the root cause entity of a customer-facing failure to node(s) deep within the infrastructure of the service. Per the techniques, end user product teams mark requests with metadata known as critical user interactions (CUI). The metadata is propagated along with the request. Performance metrics are gathered from servers that the requests go through. The performance metric is keyed by CUI, server node, and peer node for every adjacent pair of nodes. These piecemeal metrics keyed by CUI together offer end-to-end visibility for a set of requests grouped by the CUI of the end product, enabling the rapid and automatic triage of an outage to an interior server without requiring domain expertise on the product or the server

Enhancement Of Microalgal Growth And Biocomponent-Based Transformations For Improved Biofuel Recovery: A Review

Microalgal biomass has received much attention as feedstock for biofuel production due to its capacity to accumulate a substantial amount of biocomponents (including lipid, carbohydrate, and protein), high growth rate, and environmental benefit. However, commercial realization of microalgal biofuel is a challenge due to its low biomass production and insufficient technology for complete utilization of biomass. Recently, advanced strategies have been explored to overcome the challenges of conventional approaches and to achieve maximum possible outcomes in terms of growth. These strategies include a combination of stress factors; co-culturing with other microorganisms; and addition of salts, flue gases, and phytohormones. This review summarizes the recent progress in the application of single and combined abiotic stress conditions to stimulate microalgal growth and its biocomponents. An innovative schematic model is presented of the biomass-energy conversion pathway that proposes the transformation of all potential biocomponents of microalgae into biofuels