Investigation of Tractor Dealer Profile in Aydın Province

Tractor sales and usage varies depending on many factors like of the region and the products. The main purpose of this study is to investigate of sales and marketing profiles of tractor dealers operating in Aydın Province. Survey form was conducted through face to face interviews to authorized tractor dealers operating in Aydın Province (14 total). Data about firms (number of employees, brand preferences, customer portfolio, marketing campaigns, marketing calanders, approach to the expected scrap reduction and customer’s brand expectations) were obtained with questionnaires. Half of the dealers are selling the tractors produced by domestic firms. The brands ranking which are most preferred by dealers, first is New Holland (42%) and the second is Turk-Fiat (35%). Dealers stated that, the most important criteria for customers' preferences are engine parts and price and the most intense period for sales is spring. Results of this study are, state-sector cooperation must be developed in order to increase competitiveness of the Turkish firms in the tractor market, modern marketing tecniques must be used, consumer behaviors must be determined and the firms which makes sales according to these factors must improve themselves for the future of the tractor industry. Keywords: Advertising, Dealers Profile, Marketing, Sales, Tracto

MMSR: Multiple-Model Learned Image Super-Resolution Benefiting From Class-Specific Image Priors

Assuming a known degradation model, the performance of a learned image super-resolution (SR) model depends on how well the variety of image characteristics within the training set matches those in the test set. As a result, the performance of an SR model varies noticeably from image to image over a test set depending on whether characteristics of specific images are similar to those in the training set or not. Hence, in general, a single SR model cannot generalize well enough for all types of image content. In this work, we show that training multiple SR models for different classes of images (e.g., for text, texture, etc.) to exploit class-specific image priors and employing a post-processing network that learns how to best fuse the outputs produced by these multiple SR models surpasses the performance of state-of-the-art generic SR models. Experimental results clearly demonstrate that the proposed multiple-model SR (MMSR) approach significantly outperforms a single pre-trained state-of-the-art SR model both quantitatively and visually. It even exceeds the performance of the best single class-specific SR model trained on similar text or texture images.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE ICIP 2022 Conferenc

Perception-Distortion Trade-off in the SR Space Spanned by Flow Models

Flow-based generative super-resolution (SR) models learn to produce a diverse set of feasible SR solutions, called the SR space. Diversity of SR solutions increases with the temperature ($\tau$) of latent variables, which introduces random variations of texture among sample solutions, resulting in visual artifacts and low fidelity. In this paper, we present a simple but effective image ensembling/fusion approach to obtain a single SR image eliminating random artifacts and improving fidelity without significantly compromising perceptual quality. We achieve this by benefiting from a diverse set of feasible photo-realistic solutions in the SR space spanned by flow models. We propose different image ensembling and fusion strategies which offer multiple paths to move sample solutions in the SR space to more desired destinations in the perception-distortion plane in a controllable manner depending on the fidelity vs. perceptual quality requirements of the task at hand. Experimental results demonstrate that our image ensembling/fusion strategy achieves more promising perception-distortion trade-off compared to sample SR images produced by flow models and adversarially trained models in terms of both quantitative metrics and visual quality.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE ICIP 2022 Conferenc

A preliminary study: aspirin discontinuation before elective operations; when is the optimal timing?

Purpose: To evaluate the optimum timing of aspirin cessation before noncardiac surgeries. We have conducted a pilot study to minimize the aspirin cessation time before various surgeries. Methods: Eighty patients who were taking regular aspirin for secondary prevention undergoing elective surgical operations were enrolled in the study. We separated the patients into two groups. The control group had 35 patients who stopped aspirin intake 10 days before surgery. The study group had 45 patients who stopped their aspirin intake and underwent surgery one day after arachidonic acid aggregation tests were within normal limits. Bleeding, blood loss, and transfusion requirements were assessed perioperatively. Results: The mean time between aspirin cessation and aspirin nonresponsiveness were found to be 4.2 days with a median value of 4 days. In addition, the mean time between aspirin cessation and operation day were found to be 5.5 days with a median value of 5 days. No perioperative bleeding, thromboembolic or cardiovascular complications were encountered. Conclusion: Reducing time of aspirin cessation from 7-10 days to 4-5 days is a possibility for patients using aspirin for secondary prevention without increased perioperative complications

Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı ve Uyku Kalitesi Arasındaki İlişki: Sanal Dünyanın Ergenler Üzerindeki Etkisi

Ergenlik dönemi, hızlı bir zihinsel, fiziksel ve psikososyal değişimlerin yaşandığı bir dönem olduğundan; bu dönemde, ergenlerin uyku düzeni ve kalitesi, zihinsel sağlık ve psikososyal gelişimlerinde büyük bir rol oynamaktadır. Ergenlerin uyku düzenleri, gelişimleri için oldukça önemlidir ve sosyal medya kullanımının uyku kalitesi üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri, ergenlerde daha belirgin olabilir. Bu nedenle, ergenlerde sosyal medya kullanımı ve uyku kalitesi arasındaki ilişki daha detaylı bir şekilde araştırılmalıdır. Söz konusu bu çalışmada, sosyal medya bağımlılığı ile ergenlerin uyku kalitesi arasındaki ilişki incelenerek ve çalışmanın sonuçları mevcut literatürle karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışmaya yaşları 13 ve 18 aralığında değişen toplam 503 ergen katılmıştır. Bu durum dikkate alınarak bu çalışmada nicel yöntemlerden ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmış olup verilerin analizinde regresyon ve korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada sosyal medya bağımlılığı ve uyku kalitesi arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda ergenlerde bu iki değişken arasında güçlü bir ilişki olduğu ve sosyal medya bağımlılığının uyku problemlerini anlamlı bir şekilde yordadığı saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar, sosyal medya kullanımının uyku problemlerine neden olabileceği ve ergenlerde sosyal medya kullanımının kontrol altında tutulması gerektiği konusunda önemli bir uyarı niteliği taşımaktadır. Ergenlerin uyku kalitesini arttırmak için sosyal medya kullanımını sınırlamak, akıllı telefonların yatak odasında kullanımını önlemek, rutin bir uyku programı oluşturmak, fiziksel aktivite yapmak, sosyal medya kullanımını sınırlandırmak için uygulamalar kullanmak ve sosyal medya kullanımı hakkında bilinçlendirme programları geliştirmek gibi öneriler sıralanabilir

The structural, optical and morphological properties of CaF2 thin films by using Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA)

In this study, calcium fluoride (CaF2) thin films have been prepared by Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA) technique on glass substrates. In this technique CaF2 thin films are produced by condensing the plasma of anode material generated in the TVA setup under high vacuum conditions on glass substrates. Crystal structures as well as optical and surface properties of CaF2 antireflective (AR) coated thin films were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements showed that amorphous CaF2 thin films were formed. Optical and surface properties of CaF2 films have been studied based on optical transmittance, reflectance, refractive index and atomic force microscopy imaging (AFM). Our results also show that CaF2 coated samples exhibit lower reflectance (R). From our optical studies, we have observed that CaF2 thin films have high AR properties.TUBITAK (108M608); ESOGU Scientific Research Commission (200819045

Intraperitoneal drain placement and outcomes after elective colorectal surgery: international matched, prospective, cohort study

Despite current guidelines, intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery remains widespread. Drains were not associated with earlier detection of intraperitoneal collections, but were associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased risk of surgical-site infections.Background Many surgeons routinely place intraperitoneal drains after elective colorectal surgery. However, enhanced recovery after surgery guidelines recommend against their routine use owing to a lack of clear clinical benefit. This study aimed to describe international variation in intraperitoneal drain placement and the safety of this practice. Methods COMPASS (COMPlicAted intra-abdominal collectionS after colorectal Surgery) was a prospective, international, cohort study which enrolled consecutive adults undergoing elective colorectal surgery (February to March 2020). The primary outcome was the rate of intraperitoneal drain placement. Secondary outcomes included: rate and time to diagnosis of postoperative intraperitoneal collections; rate of surgical site infections (SSIs); time to discharge; and 30-day major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade at least III). After propensity score matching, multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to estimate the independent association of the secondary outcomes with drain placement. Results Overall, 1805 patients from 22 countries were included (798 women, 44.2 per cent; median age 67.0 years). The drain insertion rate was 51.9 per cent (937 patients). After matching, drains were not associated with reduced rates (odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95 per cent c.i. 0.79 to 2.23; P = 0.287) or earlier detection (hazard ratio (HR) 0.87, 0.33 to 2.31; P = 0.780) of collections. Although not associated with worse major postoperative complications (OR 1.09, 0.68 to 1.75; P = 0.709), drains were associated with delayed hospital discharge (HR 0.58, 0.52 to 0.66; P < 0.001) and an increased risk of SSIs (OR 2.47, 1.50 to 4.05; P < 0.001). Conclusion Intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery is not associated with earlier detection of postoperative collections, but prolongs hospital stay and increases SSI risk

The designing of logic module based electronic pulse device that could be run in milking machine

Bu çalışma, özellikle pnömatik pulsatörlerde ortaya çıkan sorunların ortadan kaldırılmasına yardımcı olabilecek, sağım boyunca vakum düzenindeki dalgalanmalardan ve çevresel faktörlerden etkilenmeden, sağım performansı, süt verimi ve meme sağlığı yönünden önemli olan nabız karakteristiklerini koruyabilecek, ülkemizde imal edilen sağım makinalarında kullanılan mevcut ithal elektronik nabız aygıtlarına iyi bir alternatif olabilecek, aynı anda birden fazla nabız aygıtını kontrol edebilmeye uygun, kolay programlanabilen ve otomasyona açık, lojik modül tabanlı elektronik nabız aygıtı kontrol düzenini geliştirmek amacıyla ele allınmıştır. Yapılan araştırmada; sağım boyunca vakum düzenindeki dalgalanmalardan ve çevresel faktörlerden etkilenmeden nabız aygıtının bir merkezi üniteyle kontrolü yapılmıştır. Denemeler 40kPa, 45kPa, 50kPa sistem vakum basıncı değerinde, %70:30, %60:40 ve %50:50 nabız oranı değerlerinde yapılmıştır. Böylece; süt sağım makinalarında uygun sağım koşullarını yerine getirebilecek merkezi kontrol ünitesine bağlı elektronik nabız aygıtının sahip olması gereken dakikada 60 puls değerini, tasarımı yapılan elektronik nabız aygıtı kontrol ünitesinin, tüm sistem vakum basıncı değerlerinde koruyup koruyamadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, lojik modül tabanlı elektronik nabız aygıtının tüm sistem vakum basıncı seviyelerinde ve nabız oranı aşamalarında her iki nabız kanalında da uygun sağım fazı dağılım oranlarına sahip olduğunu ve bu değerleri olumsuz çevre şartlarından etkilenmeden uzun süreler koruduğunu göstermiştir.This study is conducted a system to develop control order of logic module based electronic pulse device that can help to eliminate the problems that appear especially in pneumatic pulsators without effected by the fluctuation in vacuum regularity and environmental factors, that can keep pulse characteristics important for milk efficiency and sanitary of udder, that can be alternative for imported electronic pulse devices used in milker devices manufactured in our country, that is proper to control more than one pulse device at the same time, that can easily be programmed and is proper for automation. In this research , the pulse device is controlled with a central unit without effected by the fluctuations in vacuum order during the milking. Experiments has been made 40kPa, 45 kPa, 50kPa system vacuum pressure value and % 70:30, %60:40 and %50:50 pulse rate values. So it is found that whether electronic pulse device connected to central conrol unit which can fulfill proper milking conditions in milker devices can keep or not 60 pulse value that it supposed to have. The results show that logic module based electronic pulse device acquires proper milking phase dispersal rates in all system vacuum pressure levels and in pulse rate phases in both pulse channels and it keeps these values without effected by any adverse effect of environment

Turkish industrial thread sector on view of it is establishment development process and future

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin endüstriyel iplik üretimindeki rekabet şansının değerlendirilmesidir. Küreselleşmenin doğal bir sonucu olarak Türkiye giderek zorlaşan piyasa şartlarında öncelikle mevcut durumunu korumak zorundadır.Bu sebeble araştırmanın en önemli noktası sektör profilinin çıkarılması ve arz talep durumunun değerlendirilmesidir.Dünya endüstriyel iplik üretiminde ön sıralarda yer alan Türkiye’nin üretim, tüketim ve kapasite durumu ile gelecekteki projeksiyonunun tesbiti amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın neticesinde Uzak Doğu’nun, başta ucuz hammadde ve işçilik maliyetleri olmak üzere damping uygulaması nedeni ile Türkiye’nin rekabet şansının çok düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Özellikle Avrupa pazarına olan yakınlık,kalite ve markalaşma ile katma değer yaratan ürünler üzerine yoğunlaşarak sektörün geleceğinde söz sahibi olunabilir. Sonuç olarak ithalatın iç tüketimdeki payı sınırlı tutularak yerli üretici desteklenmeli ve sektörden kaçışlar önlenmelidir. İç pazarın daraldığı, dış pazarda ise aşırı rekabetin olduğu bir dönemde sektörün ayakta kalması ve rekabet gücünün oluşması için özellikle devlet desteğine de ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Yatırım ortamındaki destek ve iyileştirmeler de üretimi arttırdığı gibi ,dış pazarlarda sektöre mücadele gücü kazandıracaktır.The objective of this study is to evaluate the competition chance of Turkey at industrial thread production. As a natural result of globalization, Turkey, before all, should keep it's present position against market conditions which are getting hard day by day. For this reason, the most important point of the research is to prepare sector profile and to evaluate supply and demand situation. It is aimed to determine the production, consumption and capacity situation and future projection of Turkey who is one of the leader industrial thread manufacturers. As a result of research, since Far East has reduced sale prices mainly as cheap raw material and labor costs, it was realized that the competition chance is very low. Through concentrating on the closeness to European market, quality, being brand and value added products, it can be involved to the future of the sector. As a result, local manufacturers should be supported through keeping share of import at local consumption limited and the leavings from sector should be prevented. At a period in which local market is getting smaller and an excessive competition is present at foreign market, government support is needed to keep sector alive and set the competition power. The support and improvements at investment environment will increase the production and supply the sector struggle power at foreign market

Energy policy recommendations for ASEAN countries: empirical evidence from the bootstrap panel granger causality analysis

style="background: var(--highlight-yellow); color: inherit;">In social sciences, especially style="background: var(--highlight-yellow); color: inherit;">in the economic literature, energy has been one of the most important topics. Energy seems to be dominant on the political and economic agendas because of nearly all economic activities linked to energy. Hence, all economies have endeavored to detect and implement policies to increase their efficiency and mitigate energy’s detrimental effects on the earth. This study’s principal mission is to check the connection between economic growth, non-renewable and renewable energy consumption style="background: var(--highlight-yellow); color: inherit;">in ASEAN-5 countries over 1990–2014 to recommend energy-saving policies. Within this view, bootstrap panel Granger causality style="background: var(--highlight-yellow); color: inherit;">test is applied. The model results indicate that economic growth causes renewable energy consumption style="background: var(--highlight-yellow); color: inherit;">in the Philippines and economic growth induces non-renewable energy consumption style="background: var(--highlight-yellow); color: inherit;">in Indonesia and Malaysia. A unidirectional causality relationship operating from renewable energy consumption to economic growth is approved for Brunei Darussalam. Finally, a unidirectional causality relationship working from renewable energy consumption to Brunei Darussalam’s economic growth is confirmed