Neoadjuvant Intratumoral Immunotherapy with Cowpea Mosaic Virus Induces Local and Systemic Antitumor Efficacy in Canine Mammary Cancer Patients

2023 Descuento MDPIThe lack of optimal models to evaluate novel agents is delaying the development of effective immunotherapies against human breast cancer (BC). In this prospective open label study, we applied neoadjuvant intratumoral immunotherapy with empty cowpea mosaic virus-like particles (eCPMV) to 11 companion dogs diagnosed with canine mammary cancer (CMC), a spontaneous tumor resembling human BC. We found that two neoadjuvant intratumoral eCPMV injections resulted in tumor reduction in injected tumors in all patients and in noninjected tumors located in the ipsilateral and contralateral mammary chains of injected dogs. Tumor reduction was independent of clinical stage, tumor size, histopathologic grade, and tumor molecular subtype. RNA-seq-based analysis of injected tumors indicated a decrease in DNA replication activity and an increase in activated dendritic cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. Immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated significant intratumoral increases in neutrophils, T and B lymphocytes, and plasma cells. eCPMV intratumoral immunotherapy demonstrated antitumor efficacy without any adverse effects. This novel immunotherapy has the potential for improving outcomes for human BC patients.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Tecnología (España)Depto. de Medicina y Cirugía AnimalFac. de VeterinariaTRUEpubDescuento UC

A Educação Rural no Paraná: uma análise a partir de Guarapuava (1930-1960)

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar diferentes posicionamentos sobre a importância da educação rural a partir da cidade de Guarapuava, no período de 1930 a 1960. Tendo como base empírica jornais circulantes na cidade, também utilizamos outros documentos para pensar a questão em um prisma que parte do âmbito nacional, passa pelo estadual, para chegar ao municipal. Como resultado desse trajeto analítico, pudemos ver que a educação rural em Guarapuava manifesta sua importância alternando defesas sobre o valor da educação e denúncias das mazelas no atendimento dessa modalidade educacional