Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Allium cepa L. Peel Extract, Their Antioxidant, Antipathogenic, and Anticholinesterase Activity

The present work deals with the green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Allium cepa (yellowish peel) and the evaluation of its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase activities. For the synthesis of AgNPs, peel aqueous extract (200 mL) was treated with a 40 mM AgNO3 solution (200 mL) at room temperature, and a color change was observed. In UV-Visible spectroscopy, an absorption peak formation at ~439 nm was the sign that AgNPs were present in the reaction solution. UV-vis, FE-SEM, TEM, EDX, AFM, XRD, TG/DT analyses, and Zetasizer techniques were used to characterize the biosynthesized nanoparticles. The crystal average size and zeta potential of AC-AgNPs with predominantly spherical shapes were measured as 19.47 ± 1.12 nm and −13.1 mV, respectively. Pathogenic microorganisms Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans were used for the Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) test. When compared to tested standard antibiotics, AC-AgNPs demonstrated good growth inhibitory activities on P. aeuruginosa, B. subtilis, and S. aureus strains. In vitro, the antioxidant properties of AC-AgNPs were measured using different spectrophotometric techniques. In the β-Carotene linoleic acid lipid peroxidation assay, AC-AgNPs showed the strongest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 116.9 µg/mL, followed by metal-chelating capacity and ABTS cation radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 120.4 µg/mL and 128.5 µg/mL, respectively. The inhibitory effects of produced AgNPs on the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes were determined using spectrophotometric techniques. This study provides an eco-friendly, inexpensive, and easy method for the synthesis of AgNPs that can be used for biomedical activities and also has other possible industrial applications

Herediter Hemorajik Telenjiektazi Olgusunda Sistemik Bevacizumab Tedavisine Dramatik Yanıt

Herediter hemorajik telenjiektazi nadir görülen multisistemik vasküler bir hastalıktır. Rendu Osler sendromu olarak da bilinmekle birlikte mukokutanöz telenjiektaziler, epistaksis, gastrointestinal kanamalar ve viseral arteriovenöz malformasyonlarla karakterizedir. Altmış iki yaşında erkek hasta; herediter hemorajik telenjiektazi tanısıyla takip edilmektedir. Yoğun transfüzyon ihtiyacı olması nedeniyle hastaya bevacizumab 5mg/kg dozunda 2 haftada bir olmak üzere toplam 8 kür uygulanması sonrası transfüzyon ihtiyacında dramatik azalma görülmüştür. Herediter hemorajik telenjiektazi hastalarının serum ve dokuda bakılan vasküler endotelyal büyüme faktörü düzeylerinin artmış olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu bağlamda vasküler endotelyal büyüme faktörü inhibitörlerinin bu hastalarda etkili olacağı düşünülmektedi

The effect of benfothiamin and vitamın D in ischemia / reperfusion model of rat skeletal muscle

Background: Benfothiamin is a highly potent form of vitamin B1 protecting endothelial function. On the other hand,vitamin D provides restoration of muscular tissue by inhibition of apoptosis and acceleration of cellular proliferation following muscle injury. We assumed that the administration of these vitamins in ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury, couldreduce the damage by alteration of the release of various oxidant and antioxidant mediators leading to cellular damage.Materials and Methods: We assigned 30 Wistar Albino males rats into 5 groups. In the control group (n6), rats wereanaesthetized and total antioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidant capacity (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxidedismutase (SOD) and nitricoxide (NO) level were measured in lower extremity soleus muscle. Benfotiamin and D weregiven to the groups and the values of these parameters were evaluated in ischemia reperfusion muscle tissue specimens.All tissues were examined histologically.Results: We detected a significant change in groups 3 and 4 for antioxidant NO level after ischemia and reperfusion.Therefore, we observed that the administration of vitamin D and benfothiamin increased NO levels in muscle especiallyduring reperfusion. The level of other oxidants TOS and MDA and antioxidants TAS and SOD were not significant duringI/R at given periods. Overall vitamin D and benfothiamin have acute beneficial effects especially in improving I/R injuryof lower extremity, even at non-critical periods.Conclusion: Acute term effects of benfothiamin and vitamin D can be useful during where changes due to I/R. The effects can be evaluated during long term I/R

Protective effects of vitamin D on ischemia-reperfusion injury of the ovary in a rat model

Tokgoz, Vehbi Yavuz/0000-0002-4113-385X; sipahi, mehmet/0000-0001-8344-9863WOS: 000435692000006PubMed: 29942449Objective(s): The aim of the present study is to investigate probable acute effects of vitamin D on ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat ovary. Materials and Methods: A group of 30 Wistar albino rats was divided into five groups of 6 each. Group 1: underwent laparotomy only and the ovaries were removed. Group 2: 3-hr ischemia followed by excision of the ovaries. Group 3: 3-hr ischemia and 3-hr reperfusion and the ovaries were removed. Group 4: vitamin D was administered 30 min prior to the 3-hr of ischemia and the ovaries were excised at the end of ischemia period. Group 5: vitamin D was administered 30 min prior to the 3-hr of ischemia and 3-hr reperfusion then the ovaries were removed at the end of reperfusion. The ovaries excised in each group also underwent biochemical and histopathologic analysis. MDA (malondialdehyde), SOD (superoxide dismutase), NO (nitric oxide), TAS (total antioxidant score), TOS (total oxidant score) were analyzed as biochemical parameters. Results: There were no significant differences between groups in TAS, TOS, or OSI (P>0.05). MDA levels were lower in the vitamin D treatment groups especially in group 5, significantly (P<0.05). In the histopathologic evaluation, we established that an improvement with vitamin D treatment. According to tissue injury scores, vascular congestion score was significantly different between group 3 and 5 (P<0.05). Conclusion: Vitamin D seems an effective molecule for protection of ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat ovary. There is some significant improvement in oxidative damages with vitamin D treatment.Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey [200515-34]This work was supported by the Scientific Investigation Projects Coordination Unit [project no: 200515-34] of Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey

Centrifuge Model Tests and Numerical Analysis of Uplift Capacity of Strip Anchors in Geogrid-Reinforced Sand

Anchor-type foundations are one of the foundation types used in structures subject to tensile forces. These anchors are generally designed according to the weight of the soil on them depending on the depth they are buried at and the frictional resistance obtained from the failure surfaces during failure. One method of increasing the uplift capacity of the foundation without increasing the burial depth is the use of geogrid material. In this study, the uplift capacities of strip anchor plates at different embedment depths were investigated by considering the geogrid effect placed in different combinations. The aim of the study is to investigate whether a more economical solution can be obtained by using geogrid without increasing the embedment depth of the anchor plate. Experiments were carried out using centrifugal experimental setup, which gives values closer to the real results. The tests were performed on sand of two different densities for anchor burial depths H/B = 2 and H/B = 5. According to the results, the uplift capacity is significantly improved when geogrid is used. As the reinforcement configuration, the use of a single geogrid layer placed just above the anchor plate with an inclination angle of 45 degrees gave more effective results than using the geogrid horizontally and vertically. In the study, up to 98% increases in uplift capacity were obtained with reinforcement. In addition, the prototype model was analyzed with a numerical program based on the finite element method, and the results were compared with the experimental results. As a result of the comparison, it was observed that the experimental and numerical results were compatible with each other. Suggestions for practice are presented using the results obtained

The incidence and sequela of lymphocele formation after robot-assisted extended pelvic lymph node dissection

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