Heterogeneous Fenton process with Fe(III) based catalyst for treatment of textile industry wastewater

166-173In this study, colour and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal from the textile wastewater by heterogeneous Fenton process have been investigated. Primarily, the Fe(III)/SnO2 catalyst is prepared by co-precipitation method and characterized by BET analyses. The BET analysis results show that the pore size of the Fe(III)/SnO2 catalyst is 2.013 nm and it is classified as a mesoporous catalyst. Then the prepared catalyst is used in the heterogeneous Fenton tests. The effects of the amount of the catalyst, pH of the solution, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration, temperature and reaction time on the color and COD removals have been studied and the optimum conditions are determined. In the optimum experimental conditions (2.0 g/L of 8 wt.% Fe/SnO2, pH 2, hydrogen peroxide concentration 300 mg/L, temperature 35C and reaction time 90 min), 91% colour and 86% COD removal efficiencies are obtained. The COD removal kinetics of textile wastewater is also investigated. It is determined that the removal of COD obeyed the second-order kinetics. Finally, stability and reuse of the catalyst are tested. This catalyst can be successfully used repeatedly and suitable for textile wastewater treatmen

Opieka pielęgniarska nad pacjentem z akromegalią — opis przypadku

Pituitary tumors are the most common tumors of benign brain tumors, accounting for about one-fifth of all intra cranial tumors. Pituitary tumors include; nonfunctional adenomas and prolactinomas are followed by tumors that secrete growth hormone or acromegaly. Physical changes and systemic complications caused by acromegaly have negative effects on the bio-physiological, psychological and social dimensions of individuals. Diagnosis, treatment, care and follow-up of the disease; It requires a approach to multidisciplinary from endocrine to neurosurgery. The nurse should know the signs and symptoms of the disease, treatment, side effects that may be caused by the treatment, complications and the care interventions to solve the problems that arise and should plan the individualized care to improve the psychological health and quality of life by increasing the individual’s biophysiological functions. The use of the nursing process for the scientific and systematic realization of the care, as well as the use of the nursing process to get her with a model/theory, guide the nurse in the provision of individualized care. In this context, individualized care of the patient who is planned to be operated due to acromegaly, a rare disease, is discussed by integrating with the Model of Nursing. (JNNN 2019;8(4):162–169)Guzy przysadki mózgowej są najczęściej spotykanymi typami łagodnych guzów mózgu i stanowią około jednej piątej wszystkich guzów wewnątrzczaszkowych. Wśród guzów przysadki mózgowej są niefunkcjonalne gruczolaki i prolaktynomy, a następnie guzy wydzielające hormony wzrostu lub akromegalia. Zmiany fizyczne i powikłania systemowe spowodowane akromegalią mają negatywny wpływ na biofizjologiczny, psychologiczny i społeczny wymiar jednostek. Rozpoznanie, leczenie, opieka i monitorowanie choroby wymagają wielodyscyplinarnego podejścia, od endokrynologii po neurochirurgię. Pielęgniarka powinna znać objawy choroby, leczenie, działania niepożądane, które mogą być spowodowane leczeniem, powikłania i interwencje opiekuńcze w celu rozwiązania pojawiających się problemów oraz powinna zaplanować zindywidualizowaną opiekę w celu poprawy zdrowia psychicznego i jakości życia poprzez zwiększenie funkcji biofizjologicznych jednostki. Zastosowanie procesu pielęgniarskiego do naukowej i systematycznej realizacji opieki, a także wykorzystanie procesu pielęgniarskiego do uzyskania jej modelu/teorii, pomaga pielęgniarce prowadzić zindywidualizowaną opiekę. W tym kontekście omawia się zindywidualizowaną opiekę nad pacjentem, który ma być operowany z powodu akromegalii, rzadkiej choroby, poprzez integrację z modelem pielęgniarstwa. (PNN 2019;8(4):162–169

Opieka pielęgniarska nad pacjentami neurochirurgicznymi z długotrwałą gorączką

Fever negatively affects the recovery of the brain following neurosurgical operation and prolongs the length of stay in the neurosurgery intensive care unit. Accordingly, it is necessary to deliver nursing care as indicated by the evidence regarding the management of fever in neurosurgical patients. The management of body temperature requires teamwork. Each healthcare professional in the team should select appropriate cooling methods, provide an acceptable cooling rate, manage shivering, and monitor the patient closely, with a multidisciplinary perspective. In this context, the present article discusses the causes of fever, its incidence, treatment and care practices for neurosurgical patients and proposes evidence-based recommendations for practice upon the review of the international guidelines. (JNNN 2020;9(2):80–85)Gorączka negatywnie wpływa na regenerację mózgu po operacji neurochirurgicznej i przedłuża pobyt pacjenta na oddziale intensywnej terapii neurochirurgicznej. Z tego powodu konieczne jest zapewnienie opieki pielęgniarskiej zgodnej z zasadami postępowania w przypadku pacjentów neurochirurgicznych z długotrwałą gorączką. Kontrola temperatury ciała pacjenta to praca zespołowa. Każdy pracownik służby zdrowia w tym zespole powinien dobrać odpowiednie dla pacjenta metody chłodzenia ciała, zapewnić odpowiednią szybkość chłodzenia, kontrolować drżenia ciała i uważnie monitorować pacjenta z wielodyscyplinarnej perspektywy. W tym kontekście w artykule omówiono przyczyny gorączki, jej objawy oraz praktyki leczenia i opieki nad pacjentami neurochirurgicznymi, w oparciu o międzynarodowe wytyczne i zalecenia dotyczące praktyki pielęgniarskiej. (PNN 2020;9(2):80–85

An Overview of Equal Educational Opportunities in Turkey: A Spatial Analysis of Classrooms in Rural and Urban Primary Schools

The number of students in a class is a primary factor affecting the quality of education. Therefore, this study examines the distribution of the number of students per class in rural and urban primary schools in Turkey, and efforts have been made to specify classroom needs. Statistical data was obtained from the Turkish Institute of Statistics and the Ministry of National Education. In order to better interpret data, graphs and maps were prepared with the help of GIS. The MapInfo 12.0 program was used for map drawing. The data was mapped using the Inverse Distance Weighted Algorithm. Whether there was global clustering regarding the distribution of the number of students per class in both rural and urban primary schools in Turkey was investigated using Moran I. In addition, local Moran I maps were employed to identify whether or not there was local clustering or neighboring interaction. At the end of the research, a variety of findings and results were obtained regarding the condition of primary school classes in Turkey. In conclusion, it has been determined that there is a need for more classes in certain regions, while they are urgently needed in others

TEKSTİL ENDÜSTRİSİ ATIKSUYUNDA HETEROJEN FENTON PROSESİ İÇİN KATALİZÖR OLARAK DEMİR İÇEREN METAL OKSİT KULLANIMI

With the increase in industrialization, the unconscious use of surface and groundwater has led to the rapid pollution of water, which is the main source of life for all living things. As a result, the need for clean water has brought the global water crisis to the agenda. The textile industry is one of the largest producers of wastewater in the world. Textile industry wastewater contains high amounts of non-biodegradable organic compounds, high concentrations of dyestuffs, salt, detergent and soap. Therefore, it is of great importance to remove organic pollutants in this wastewater. Since traditional methods are insufficient to remove organic compounds in wastewater, advanced treatment methods are required. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are one of the alternative treatment methods preferred in recent years. In this study, color removal from textile industry wastewater was researched by the heterogeneous Fenton process, which is an advanced oxidation process. The parameters such as catalyst dosage, pH, hydrogen peroxide concentration, temperature, reaction time and mixing speed that effect heterogeneous Fenton processes were investigated. Under optimum experimental conditions, the color removal efficiency was achieved as 84.4%

Anti-tyrosinase, anti-elastase, and antioxidant activities of some symmetric bisthiocarbohydrazone compounds

Symmetric bisthiocarbohydrazone compounds (1, 2, 3) were obtained by the condensation of thiocarbohydrazide with carbonyl compounds such as isatin (a heterocyclic ketone) and two hydroxyl aldehydes (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde) respectively, according to the previously reported methods. These synthesized compounds were evaluated in terms of their anti-tyrosinase, anti-elastase and antioxidant potentials in vitro. All of the tested compounds exhibited anti-tyrosinase and anti-elastase activities. It was observed that the inhibition increased with the increase of bisthiocarbohydrazone concentrations. Compound 1 showed the highest anti-tyrosinase activity. The anti-tyrosinase activity is decreasing in the following order; 2<3<1. Compound 1 showed also the highest anti-elastase activity. The anti-elastase activity is decreasing as 3<2<1. As a result, the most effective compound in terms of anti-tyrosinase and anti-elastase activities is bisthiocarbohydrazone derived from isatin. Compounds 2 and 3 with the hydroxyl substitution showed antioxidant activity close to Trolox. These compounds were found to have significant reducing effects and to be effective scavengers of DPPH

The Effect of Family Attitudes and Preparation of High School Entrance Exam on Habitual Physical Activity in Children

AbstractPhysical activity level (PAL) is an important factor to promote and maintain a healthy lifestyle along the whole life cycle. The children and adolescent period is the critical time to acquire positive lifestyle habits. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of both high school entrance exam (HSEE) and parental behaviors on habitual PAL of students during the preparation of this exam. Totally 319 Elementary School students (154 girls, 165 boys) between ages of 11-13 were selected randomly for this study. PAL of students were evaluated by using the Beacke Physical Activity Questionnaires. There were a no significant differences between attendance and non attendance to extra courses for HSEE in terms of word activity (WA), sport activity (SA), and leisure activity (LA) scores (p<.05) among the students. It was shown that regular physical activity attendance of mothers plaid a significant role in LA scores (p≤.03) among the students. However, WA, and SA scores of students were not affected from their mother's habitual activities (p<.05). On the other hand, there were significant differences in WA, and SA according to father's regular physical activity attendance (p≤.01).As a conclusion, parental habitual physical activity level played an important role in high score of student's LA. It is recommended to monitor and promote parental physical activity

Recent Advances in Health Biotechnology During Pandemic

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in 2019, cut the epoch that will make profound fluctuates in the history of the world in social, economic, and scientific fields. Urgent needs in public health have brought with them innovative approaches, including diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. To exceed the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, various scientific authorities in the world have procreated advances in real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based diagnostic tests, rapid diagnostic kits, the development of vaccines for immunization, and the purposing pharmaceuticals for treatment. Diagnosis, treatment, and immunization approaches put for- ward by scientific communities are cross-fed from the accrued knowledge of multidisciplinary sciences in health biotechnology. So much so that the pandemic, urgently prioritized in the world, is not only viral infections but also has been the pulsion in the development of novel approaches in many fields such as diagnosis, treatment, translational medicine, virology, mi- crobiology, immunology, functional nano- and bio-materials, bioinformatics, molecular biol- ogy, genetics, tissue engineering, biomedical devices, and artificial intelligence technologies. In this review, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of various scientific areas of health biotechnology are discussed

The frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy and Pompe disease in children with isolated transaminase elevation: results from the observational VICTORIA study

IntroductionElevated transaminases and/or creatine phosphokinase can indicate underlying muscle disease. Therefore, this study aims to determine the frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) in male children and Pompe disease (PD) in male and female children with isolated hypertransaminasemia.MethodsThis multi-center, prospective study enrolled patients aged 3–216 months with serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or aspartate transaminase (AST) levels &gt;2× the upper limit of normal (ULN) for ≥3 months. Patients with a known history of liver or muscle disease or physical examination findings suggestive of liver disease were excluded. Patients were screened for creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, and molecular genetic tests for DMD/BMD in male patients and enzyme analysis for PD in male and female patients with elevated CPK levels were performed. Genetic analyses confirmed PD. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the patients were analyzed.ResultsOverall, 589 patients [66.8% male, mean age of 63.4 months (standard deviation: 60.5)] were included. In total, 251 patients (188 male and 63 female) had CPK levels above the ULN. Of the patients assessed, 47% (85/182) of male patients were diagnosed with DMD/BMD and 1% (3/228) of male and female patients were diagnosed with PD. The median ALT, AST, and CPK levels were statistically significantly higher, and the questioned neurological symptoms and previously unnoticed examination findings were more common in DMD/BMD patients than those without DMD/BMD or PD (p &lt; 0.001).DiscussionQuestioning neurological symptoms, conducting a complete physical examination, and testing for CPK levels in patients with isolated hypertransaminasemia will prevent costly and time-consuming investigations for liver diseases and will lead to the diagnosis of occult neuromuscular diseases. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT04120168

Investigation of spectroscopic, crystallographic, thermal and antioxidant properties of mononuclear dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes derived from a new symmetric bisthiocarbohydrazone

A new symmetric bisthiocarbohydrazone [1,5-bis(5-allyl-2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)thiocarbohydrazone (H2L)] was prepared from the reaction of thiocarbohydrazide with 5-allyl-2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde. Five new solvate dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes of close formulas [MoO2(L)R-OH] (R: methyl for Mo1, ethyl for Mo2, propyl for Mo3, butyl for Mo4 and pentyl for Mo5) were synthesized by reacting bis(acetyla-cetonato)dioxomolybdenum(VI) [MoO2(acac)2] with this proligand H2L. The structures of all compounds were verified by IR, UV-vis and 1H NMR spectroscopies, elemental analysis, magnetism and molar conductivity measurings. The solid-state structures of Mo1 and Mo2 were also elucidated using the X-ray crystallography technique. X-ray crystallographic studies indicated that symmetric bisthiocarbohydrazone is coordinated to the cis-MoO22+ ion through sulfur atom, imine nitrogen and phenolic oxygen as the tridentate ONS donor. The sixth coordination of the molybdenum atom, which has distorted octahedral geometry around it, is completed by solvent (R-OH). The thermal characteristics of the compounds were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TGA results support the presence of solvent molecules coordinated to molybdenum atoms in the com-plexes. Antioxidant capacities of the compounds were measured using the CUPric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) method. The compounds were also examined for their free radical scavenging activities by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical method. When compared to a standard, Trolox, all of the com-pounds demonstrated good antioxidant activity