Lateral distribution of electrons of air showers

The lateral distribution of electrons (LDE) of the air showers of size 10 to the 5th power to 10 to the 6th power was studied within one MU. It was found that the LDE of the air showers observed is well represented by NKG function except for vicinity of the core. It was also found that LDE measured by thin scintillators does not differ from that measured by thick ones of 50mm thickness

Transition effect of air shower particles in plastic scintillators

The transition effect of air shower particles in the plastic scintillators near the core was measured by scintillators of various thickness. The air showers selected for the measurement were of 10,000. Results obtained are as follows: (1) the multiplication of shower particles in the scintillators is less than 20% for that of 50 mm thickness; (2) dependence of the transition effect on age parameter is not recognized within the experimental errors

Character of energy flow in air shower core

Energy per charged particle near the core of air showers was measured by 9 energy flow detectors, which were the combination of Cerenkov counters and scintillators. Energy per particle of each detector was normalized to energy at 2m from the core. The following results were obtained as to the energy flow: (1) integral frequency distribution of mean energy per particle (averaged over 9 detectors) is composed of two groups separated distinctly; and (2) showers contained in one group show an anisotropy of arrival direction

EVALUATION OF EXHAUST GAS FROM BIO-DIESEL FUEL ENGINE

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

Spectroscopy of 32Ne and the Island of Inversion

We report on the first spectroscopic study of the N=22 nucleus 32Ne at the newly completed RIKEN Radioactive Ion Beam Factory. A single gamma-ray line with an energy of 722(9) keV was observed in both inelastic scattering of a 226 MeV/u 32Ne beam on a Carbon target and proton removal from 33Na at 245 MeV/u. This transition is assigned to the de-excitation of the first J^pi = 2+ state in 32Ne to the 0+ ground state. Interpreted through comparison with state-of-the-art shell model calculations, the low excitation energy demonstrates that the Island of Inversion extends to at least N=22 for the Ne isotopes.Comment: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett. 11 pages, 3 figure

Josephson Plasma Resonance in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+yBi_2 Sr_2 Ca Cu_2 O_{8+y} with Spatially Dependent Interlayer-Phase Coherence

We study the Josephson plasma resonance (JPR) in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+y}$ (BSCCO) with spatially dependent interlayer-phase coherence (IPC). The half-irradiated BSCCO (HI-BSCCO), in which columnar defects are introduced only in a half of the sample, shows several resonance peaks, which are not simple superposition of the peaks in irradiated- and pristine-parts. JPR in HI-BSCCO changes its character from irradiated- to pristine-type at a crossover frequency ($\omega_{cr}$). We demonstrate that the one-dimensional \LSGE, which takes into account the spatial dependence of IPC, can reproduce most of the experimental findings including the presence of $\omega_{cr}$.Comment: 4 figure

Evidence for Surface Andreev Bound states in Cuprate Superconductors from Penetration Depth Measurements

Tunneling and theoretical studies have suggested that Andreev bound states form at certain surfaces of unconventional superconductors. Through studies of the temperature and field dependence of the in-plane magnetic penetration depth lambda_ab at low temperature, we have found strong evidence for the presence of these states in clean single crystal YBCO and BSCCO. Crystals cut to expose a [110] interface show a strong upturn in lambda_ab at around 7K, when the field is oriented so that the supercurrents flow around this surface. In YBCO this upturn is completely suppressed by a field of ~0.1 T.Comment: 4 pages 2 column revtex + 4 postscript figures. Submitted to PR

An Indirect Search for WIMPs in the Sun using 3109.6 days of upward-going muons in Super-Kamiokande

We present the result of an indirect search for high energy neutrinos from WIMP annihilation in the Sun using upward-going muon (upmu) events at Super-Kamiokande. Datasets from SKI-SKIII (3109.6 days) were used for the analysis. We looked for an excess of neutrino signal from the Sun as compared with the expected atmospheric neutrino background in three upmu categories: stopping, non-showering, and showering. No significant excess was observed. The 90% C.L. upper limits of upward-going muon flux induced by WIMPs of 100 GeV/c$^2$ were 6.4$\times10^{-15}$ cm$^{-2}$ sec$^{-1}$ and 4.0$\times10^{-15}$ cm$^{-2}$ sec$^{-1}$ for the soft and hard annihilation channels, respectively. These limits correspond to upper limits of 4.5$\times10^{-39}$ cm$^{-2}$ and 2.7$\times10^{-40}$ cm$^{-2}$ for spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon scattering cross sections in the soft and hard annihilation channels, respectively.Comment: Add journal reference. Also fixed typo and cosmetic things in the old draf

Atmospheric neutrino oscillation analysis with sub-leading effects in Super-Kamiokande I, II, and III

We present a search for non-zero theta_{13} and deviations of sin^2 theta_{23} from 0.5 in the oscillations of atmospheric neutrino data from Super-Kamiokande -I, -II, and -III. No distortions of the neutrino flux consistent with non-zero theta_{13} are found and both neutrino mass hierarchy hypotheses are in agreement with the data. The data are best fit at Delta m^2 = 2.1 x 10^-3 eV^2, sin^2 theta_{13} = 0.0, and sin^2 theta_{23} =0.5. In the normal (inverted) hierarchy theta_{13} and Delta m^2 are constrained at the one-dimensional 90% C.L. to sin^2 theta_{13} < 0.04 (0.09) and 1.9 (1.7) x 10^-3 < Delta m^2 < 2.6 (2.7) x 10^-3 eV^2. The atmospheric mixing angle is within 0.407 <= sin^2 theta_{23} <= 0.583 at 90% C.L.Comment: 17 Pages, 14 figures. To be submitted to Phys. Rev. D Minor update to text after referee comments. Figures modified for better grayscale printing