Structural performance and failure analysis of bubbledeck concrete slabs in construction

In this research paper, as the concrete material is eliminated from the locations situated around the middle of the cross-sections of bubbledecks (BDs), the BD type slabs are lighter than the traditional slabs. In the recent researches, the performance analysis (PA) is generally determined for the reinforced concrete (RC) structures with the moment-resisting frame (MRF) and dual systems. The dual system comprises mainly the MRF with shear wall of building under construction, as well as the flat slab having chiefly the BD system. In this paper, the evaluation of values of the performance and failure analysis of RC structures using BD system are submitted. We recorded a maximum load of 6.48, maximum stress of 75.00, macimum strain of 7.80, with minimum force of 0.83, while minimum slab length of 9.62 and lastly the maximum slab span of 27 for our bubbledeck concrete slab experiment in comparison with reinforced concrete slab to get the best results. The obtained results indicate that the lateral strengths of buildings increase by increasing the span length to story height ratio. Besides, the variations of the span length and the number of the story have more effects than the variation of the usage category buildings on the performance of structures. Furthermore, the span length has more effect than the number of stories in determining performance in an MRF. We observed that the bubbledeck concrete slabs are more lightweight and resistant in comparison with reinforced concrete

Effect of zinc oxid on the bentonite ability for removing Methylene blue from solution

A batch adsorption system was applied to study the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution by Iraqi bentonite and treated bentonite with different amount of zinc oxide (ZnO). The adsorption capacities of methylene blue onto bentonite were evaluated. The equilibrium between liquid and solid phase was described by Langmuir model better than the Freundlich model. Langmuir and Freundlich constants have been determined. The separation factor or equilibrium parameter, RL which is used to predict if an adsorption system is favourable or unfavourable was calculated for all cases

Anteriorization of inferior oblique muscle and downward transposition of medial rectus muscle for lost inferior rectus muscle

A 6-year-old boy who had been treated with bilateral medial rectus muscle recessions 3 years earlier for congenital esotropia was undergoing bilateral inferior oblique muscle recessions to correct inferior oblique muscle overaction. The right inferior rectus muscle was inadvertently cut during this surgery and was irretrievable. To manage this complication, the medial rectus muscle was transposed toward the inferior rectus insertion and the inferior oblique muscle was anteriorized. At the 1 year follow-up visit, no infraduction deficit was present on downgaze and only 8� of left hypertropia was present in primary position. © 2006 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

Charge transport mechanism in networks of armchair graphene nanoribbons

In graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), the lateral confinement of charge carriers opens a band gap, the key feature that enables novel graphene-based electronics. Despite great progress, reliable and reproducible fabrication of single-ribbon field-effect transistors (FETs) is still a challenge, impeding the understanding of the charge transport. Here, we present reproducible fabrication of armchair GNR-FETs based on networks of nanoribbons and analyze the charge transport mechanism using nine-atom wide and, in particular, five-atom-wide GNRs with large conductivity. We show formation of reliable Ohmic contacts and a yield of functional FETs close to unity by lamination of GNRs to electrodes. Modeling the charge transport in the networks reveals that transport is governed by inter-ribbon hopping mediated by nuclear tunneling, with a hopping length comparable to the physical GNR length. Overcoming the challenge of low-yield single-ribbon transistors by the networks and identifying the corresponding charge transport mechanism is a key step forward for functionalization of GNRs

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium species in Recreational Waters of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiyari Province of Iran using nested-PCR-RFLP

Background: The aim of this study was to detect and characterize Cryptosporidium spp. in water sam­ples collected from recreational ponds of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiyari Province of Iran .Meth­ods: Thirty water samples were collected from November 2009 to May 2010. Each sample con­tained 10 liters of water. We used the SSU rRNA-based PCR-RFLP technique.Results: Out of thirty samples examined, 6 (20%) were positive for different Cryptosporidium spp. Restriction pattern analysis showed that C. parvum has been the most prevalent genotype, fol­lowed by C. hominis and C. canis , respectively. In this area, the higher prevalence of C. par­vum compared with other genotypes is consistent with the distribution of cattle.Conclusion: Farm animals, particularly cattle are the main source of cryptosporidial contamina­tion for recreational waters in this area

Effects of impulsive loading and deformation damage on reinforced concrete slabs during building construction

The effects of impulsive loading and deformation damage in reinforced concrete slabs were observed for analyzing the under-construction buildings for specific period of time. To fully harvest the structural capacity of building under constrcution with reinforced slabs sections exposed to combined actions, it is necessary to leave behind the simplicity of treating the verification of structural adequacy for normal stresses separately from that of shear stresses and instead fully exploit the advantages of choosing more efficient stress distributions. By exploring the vast possibilities of other statically admissible systems using optimization routines for deformation damage reduced to 20% from 80% in the work, the longitudinal reinforcement near the neutral axis in reinforced concrete can be utilized much more efficiently. In addition, by adhering to the interdependency constraints between normal and shear stresses in reinforced concrete a much more precise picture of the actual service stress state can be determined for impulsive loading and deformation damage where the maximum deformation and impulsive loading on RC-slab were observed at strain 91s≤t≤97s on RC-slab in the total simulation steps from 0s to 398s. There is therefore a need for a one- step, automated design tool capable of addressing such verifications holistically which was performed in the simulation of this study using Matlab R2019b. In this paper the theoretical basis and a free to use open-source design tool is presented, allowing for easy access to highly optimized designs capable of observing the impulsive loading and deformation damage on reinforced concrete materials to their limit