4,445 research outputs found
Corrigendum to âMaturation of a tetravirus capsid alters the dynamic properties and creates a metastable complexâ [Virology 334 (2005) 17â27]
The uses and functions of ageing celebrity war reporters
This article starts from the premise that recognition of professional authority and celebrity status depends on the embodiment and performance of field-specific dispositional practices: thereâs no such thing as a natural, though we often talk about journalistic instinct as something someone simply has or doesnât have. Next, we have little control over how we are perceived by peers and publics, and what we think are active positioning or subjectifying practices are in fact, after Bourdieu, revelations of already-determined delegation. The upshot is that two journalists can arrive at diametrically opposed judgements on the basis of observation of the same actions of a colleague, and as individuals we are blithely hypocritical in forming (or reciting) evaluations of the professional identity of celebrities. Nowhere is this starker than in the discourse of age-appropriate behaviour, which this paper addresses using the examples of âstarâ war reporters John Simpson, Kate Adie and Martin Bell. A certain rough-around-the-edges irreverence is central to dispositional authenticity amongst war correspondents, and for ageing hacks this incorporates gendered attitudes to sex and alcohol as well as indifference to protocol. And yet perceived age-inappropriate sexual behaviour is also used to undermine professional integrity, and the paper ends by outlining the phenomenological context that makes possible this effortless switching between amoral and moralising recognition by peers and audiences alike
Legislative strengthening meets party support in international assistance: a closer relationship?
Recent reports recommend that international efforts to help strengthen legislatures in emerging democracies should work more closely with support for building stronger political parties and competitive party systems. This article locates the recommendations within international assistance more generally and reviews the arguments. It explores problems that must be addressed if the recommendations are to be implemented effectively. The article argues that an alternative, issue-based approach to strengthening legislatures and closer links with civil society could gain more traction. However, that is directed more centrally at promoting good governance for the purpose of furthering development than at democratisation goals sought by party aid and legislative strengtheners in the democracy assistance industry
Reddening and Extinction Toward the Galactic Bulge from OGLE-III: The Inner Milky Way's Rv ~ 2.5 Extinction Curve
We combine VI photometry from OGLE-III with VVV and 2MASS measurements of
E(J-K_{s}) to resolve the longstanding problem of the non-standard optical
extinction toward the Galactic bulge. We show that the extinction is well-fit
by the relation A_{I} = 0.7465*E(V-I) + 1.3700*E(J-K_{s}), or, equivalently,
A_{I} = 1.217*E(V-I)(1+1.126*(E(J-K_{s})/E(V-I)-0.3433)). The optical and
near-IR reddening law toward the inner Galaxy approximately follows an R_{V}
\approx 2.5 extinction curve with a dispersion {\sigma}_{R_{V}} \approx 0.2,
consistent with extragalactic investigations of the hosts of type Ia SNe.
Differential reddening is shown to be significant on scales as small as as our
mean field size of 6', with the 1{\sigma} dispersion in reddening averaging 9%
of total reddening for our fields. The intrinsic luminosity parameters of the
Galactic bulge red clump (RC) are derived to be (M_{I,RC}, \sigma_{I,RC,0},
(V-I)_{RC,0}, \sigma_{(V-I)_{RC}}, (J-K_{s})_{RC,0}) = (-0.12, 0.09, 1.06,
0.121, 0.66). Our measurements of the RC brightness, brightness dispersion and
number counts allow us to estimate several Galactic bulge structural
parameters. We estimate a distance to the Galactic center of 8.20 kpc,
resolving previous discrepancies in distance determinations to the bulge based
on I-band observations. We measure an upper bound on the tilt {\alpha} \approx
40{\deg}. between the bar's major axis and the Sun-Galactic center line of
sight, though our brightness peaks are consistent with predictions of an N-body
model oriented at {\alpha} \approx 25{\deg}. The number of RC stars suggests a
total stellar mass for the Galactic bulge of 2.0*10^{10} M_{\odot}, if one
assumes a Salpeter IMF.Comment: 61 Pages, 21 Figures, 4 Tables, Submitted to The Astrophysical
Journal and modified as per a referee report. Includes reddening, reddening
law, differential reddening, mean distance, dispersion in distance, surface
density of stars and errors thereof for ~9,000 bulge sightlines. For a brief
video explaining the key result of this paper, see
http://www.youtube.com/user/OSUAstronom
Technical Note: Ozonesonde climatology between 1995 and 2011: description, evaluation and applications
An ozone climatology based on ozonesonde measurements taken over the last 17 yr has been constructed for model evaluation and comparisons to other observations. Vertical ozone profiles for 42 stations around the globe have been compiled for the period 1995â2011, in pressure and tropopause-referenced altitudes. For each profile, the mean, standard deviation, median, the half-width are provided, as well as information about interannual variability. Regional aggregates are formed in combining stations with similar ozone characteristics. The Hellinger distance is introduced as a new diagnostic to identify stations that describe similar shapes of ozone probability distribution functions (PDFs). In this way, 12 regions were selected covering at least 2 stations and the variability among those stations is discussed. Significant variability with longitude of ozone distributions in the troposphere and lower stratosphere in the northern mid- and high latitudes is found. The representativeness of regional aggregates is discussed for high northern latitudes, Western Europe, Eastern US, and Japan, using independent observations from surface stations and MOZAIC aircraft data. Good agreement exists between ozonesondes and aircraft observations in the mid-troposphere and between ozonesondes and surface observations for Western Europe. For Eastern US and high northern latitudes, surface ozone values from ozonesondes are biased 10 ppb high compared to independent measurements. An application of the climatology is presented using the NCAR CAM-Chem model. The climatology allows evaluation of the model performance regarding ozone averages, seasonality, interannual variability, and the shape of ozone distributions. The new assessment of the key features of ozone distributions gives deeper insights into the performance of models
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