Light bending in the galactic halo by Rindler-Ishak method

After the work of Rindler and Ishak, it is now well established that the bending of light is influenced by the cosmological constant {\Lambda} appearing in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime. We show that their method, when applied to the galactic halo gravity parametrized by a constant {\gamma}, yields exactly the same {\gamma}- correction to Schwarzschild bending as obtained by standard methods. Different cases are analyzed, which include some corrections to the special cases considered in the original paper by Rindler and Ishak.Comment: 15 page

EFFECT OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION ON THE FORMATION OF ERGOCALCIFEROL (VITAMIN D2) IN Pleurotus ostreatus

Naturally the content of ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) in mushrooms is small, but they are rich of ergosterol which is known as its precursor. Ergosterol converted to vitamin D2 by UV light irradiation following by heat reaction. The aim of the study is to observe formation of ergocalciferol from its precursor in the Pleurotus ostreatus using UV radiation at 254 and 366 nm. Crude samples were irradiated for 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. The samples were then extracted using reflux for one hour. Ergocalciferol content was determined using spectrophotodensitometer. The results show that the content of ergocalciferol after 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 mins radiation under UV 254 nm are 24.12 ± 3.46; 28.15 ± 1.43; 38.22 ± 2.11; 48.19 ± 3.68; and 14.81 ± 3.41 μg/g respectively, whereas under UV 366 nm in similar duration the content are 9.59 ± 5.35; 20.6 ± 5.58; 27.67 ± 4.5; 10.62 ± 2.81; 8.76 ± 0.32 μg/g, respectively. No ergocalciferol is found in the control. It is concluded that the ergocalciferol was formed in mushroom after irradiating with ultraviolet light. The highest ergocalciferol content was found in sample irradiated under UV light 254 nm for 90 minutes.Keywords: Ergocalciferol, ergosterol, duration, irradiated, Pleurotus ostreatus spectrophotodensitometer, ultraviolet ligh

The nonlinear anisotropic model of the Universe with tadpole

Some subclasses of Horndeski theory allow for non-standard behavior of anisotropy in the homogeneous Bianchi I cosmology. For example, the anisotropy are damped near the initial singularity instead of tending to infinity. In this article, we analyze nonlinear anisotropic models with a tadpole term. We have considered an example of such a theory for which the anisotropy is maximal and finite at the initial moment of time and approaches zero at later times. The anisotropy suppression occurs during the inflationary stage. This cosmological model does not contain a singular point

Effect of an Iso-intense Continuous and Intermittent Training Programme on VO2 Max and Anthropometric Profile of Sedentary Males

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an iso-intense continuous and intermittent training program on maximum aerobic capacity ( O2 max) and other anthopometric profiles, like, body mass index (BMI) and fat mass of sedentary males. 24 healthy sedentary males of 21.8±3.7years participated in this study. They were divided into 3 groups, like, control group (n=9), continuous training group (n=7) and intermittent training group (n=8). Exercise group performed the training 3 days per week up to 12 week.The study was approved by ethical committee of the UniversitiSains Malaysia, KubangKerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. O2 max of each individual was determined following a graded exercise protocol to exhaustion, on an Excalibur Lode Cycle ergometer. For continuous exercise, subjects cycledat 60% of individual O2 max for 45 minute on an ergometer. In intermittent training, the subjects cycled at 45% of individual O2 max for 10 min followed by 5 min rest and then at 75% of individual O2 max for 10 min followed by 5 min rest. This repetition continued until 45 min. Both the training programme were madeiso-intense. The relative O2max of both the continuous and intermittent training groups improved significantly, but the degree of improvement was more in intermittent training programme. No improvement was observed in BMI. Regular physical activity is a part of healthy lifestyle that is known to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease. Hence, in conclusion, our study indicated a beneficial effect of exercise training in improving the cardiorespiratory fitness ( O2 max), through continuous and intermittent training programme

Magnetic nanoparticles as efficient bulk pinning centers in type-II superconductors

Enhancement of flux pinning by magnetic nanoparticles embedded into the bulk of type-2 superconductor is studied both theoretically and experimentally. Magnetic part of the pinning force associated with the interaction between a spherical magnetic inclusion and an Abrikosov vortex was calculated in the London approximation. Calculations are supported by the experimental results obtained on sonochemically modified MgB2 superconductor with embedded magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles and compared to MgB2 with nonmagnetic Mo2O5 pinning centers of similar concentration and particle size distribution. It is shown that ferromagnetic nanoparticles result in a considerable enhancement of vortex pinning in large-kappa type-2 superconductors.Comment: PDF, 14 page

Creating simulation-based blended learning experiences

This session will demonstrate the process of creating simulation-based blended learning experiences. Two simulations developed by the Language Flagship Technology Innovation Center at the University of Hawai‘i will serve as models to illustrate key features of simulation design. The first model simulation consists of a blended learning experience built around a fictitious organization. Learners go through the process of applying for a job that fits their interests and professional goals. Similarly, a simulation designed in collaboration with Bryn Mawr faculty will illustrate key pedagogical concepts and provide insights into the blended learning experience of students studying Russian