The cleavable presequence is not essential for import and assembly of the phosphate carrier of mammalian mitochondria but enhances the specificity and efficiency of import.

The phosphate carrier (PiC) of mammalian mitochondria is synthesized with a cleavable presequence, in contrast to other members of the mitochondrial family of inner membrane carrier proteins. The precursor of PiC is efficiently imported, proteolytically processed, and correctly assembled in isolated mitochondria. Here we report that a presequence-deficient PiC was imported with an efficiency of about 50% as compared with the authentic precursor of PiC. This mature-sized PiC was correctly assembled, demonstrating that the presequence is not essential for the assembly pathway. We found the following functions for the PiC presequence. (i) The presequence by itself was able to target a passenger protein to mitochondria with a low efficiency, suggesting that the mammalian PiC contains multiple targeting signals, the more efficient one(s) present in the mature protein part. (ii) Deletion of the presequence allowed a more efficient heterologous import of mammalian PiC into mitochondria from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Neurospora crassa, indicating an important role of the presequence in determining the specificity of PiC import. (iii) Import of the presequence-deficient PiC required a higher membrane potential across the inner membrane than that of the presequence-carrying form. Therefore, the presequence also enhances the translocation of PiC into the inner membrane

New Results From CLEO and BES

Latest experimental results from BES in the charmonium mass region, and those from CLEO in the bottomonium and charmonium spectroscopy are reviewed.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures, Presented at First Meeting of the APS Topical Group on Hadron Physics, Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, Oct 24-26, 200

Long-term stable compressive elastocaloric cooling system with latent heat transfer

Elastocaloric cooling systems can evolve into an environmentally friendly alternative to compressor-based cooling systems. One of the main factors preventing its application is a poor long-term stability of the elastocaloric material. This especially applies to systems that work with tensile loads and which benefit from the large surface area for heat transfer. Exerting compressive instead of tensile loads on the material increases long-term stability-though at the expense of cooling power density. Here, we present a heat transfer concept for elastocaloric systems where heat is transferred by evaporation and condensation of a fluid. Enhanced heat transfer rates allow us to choose the sample geometry more freely and thereby realize a compression-based system showing unprecedented long-term stability of 10$^{7}$ cycles and cooling power density of 6270 W kg$^{-1}$

Effectiveness of one-to-one peer support for patients with severe mental illness - a randomised controlled trial

This project was part of the ‘psychenet’ project (www.psychenet.de) and received funding from the Federal Ministry of Education and Research in Germany from 2011 until 2015 (BMBF-Nr: O1KQ1002B). The project had further study arms that employed qualitative methods as process evaluation that will be published separately

Coarse-grained reconfigurable array architectures

Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Array (CGRA) architectures accelerate the same inner loops that benefit from the high ILP support in VLIW architectures. By executing non-loop code on other cores, however, CGRAs can focus on such loops to execute them more efficiently. This chapter discusses the basic principles of CGRAs, and the wide range of design options available to a CGRA designer, covering a large number of existing CGRA designs. The impact of different options on flexibility, performance, and power-efficiency is discussed, as well as the need for compiler support. The ADRES CGRA design template is studied in more detail as a use case to illustrate the need for design space exploration, for compiler support and for the manual fine-tuning of source code

The H1 Forward Proton Spectrometer at HERA

The forward proton spectrometer is part of the H1 detector at the HERA collider. Protons with energies above 500 GeV and polar angles below 1 mrad can be detected by this spectrometer. The main detector components are scintillating fiber detectors read out by position-sensitive photo-multipliers. These detectors are housed in so-called Roman Pots which allow them to be moved close to the circulating proton beam. Four Roman Pot stations are located at distances between 60 m and 90 m from the interaction point.Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Nucl.Instr.and Method

Hadron Spectroscopy: Theory and Experiment

Many new results on hadron spectra have been appearing in the past few years thanks to improved experimental techniques and searches in new channels. New theoretical techniques including refined methods of lattice QCD have kept pace with these developments. Much has been learned about states made of both light (u, d, and s) and heavy (c, b) quarks. The present review treats light-quark mesons, glueballs, hybrids, particles with a single c or b quark, charmonium, and bottomonium states. Some prospects for further study are noted.Comment: 29 pages, 9 figures, to be published in Journal of Physics G. Further updating of reference

Update of the measurement of the cross section for e^+e^- -> psi(3770) -> hadrons

We have updated our measurement of the cross section for e^+e^- -> psi(3770) -> hadrons, our publication "Measurement of sigma(e^+e^- -> psi(3770) -> hadrons) at E_{c.m.} = 3773 MeV", arXiv:hep-ex/0512038, Phys.Rev.Lett.96, 092002 (2006). Simultaneous with this arXiv update, we have published an erratum in Phys.Rev.Lett.104, 159901 (2010). There, and in this update, we have corrected a mistake in the computation of the error on the difference of the cross sections for e^+e^- -> psi(3770) -> hadrons and e^+e^- -> psi(3770) -> DDbar. We have also used a more recent CLEO measurement of cross section for e^+e^- -> psi(3770) -> DDbar. From this, we obtain an upper limit on the branching fraction for psi(3770) -> non-DDbar of 9% at 90% confidence level.Comment: 3 pages, 0 figures. This is an erratum to Phys.Rev.Lett.96:092002,2006. Added a reference