One-Loop QCD Spin Chain and its Spectrum

We study the renormalization of gauge invariant operators in large Nc QCD. We compute the complete matrix of anomalous dimensions to leading order in the 't Hooft coupling and study its eigenvalues. Thinking of the mixing matrix as the Hamiltonian of a generalized spin chain we find a large integrable sector consisting of purely gluonic operators constructed with self-dual field strengths and an arbitrary number of derivatives. This sector contains the true ground state of the spin chain and all the gapless excitations above it. The ground state is essentially the anti-ferromagnetic ground state of a XXX1 spin chain and the excitations carry either a chiral spin quantum number with relativistic dispersion relation or an anti-chiral one with non-relativistic dispersion relation.Comment: 54 pages, v2: minor changes, references adde

Remapping English

Key words: topography, literary canon, environmental writing, visual media, Digital Humanities  Ecocriticism to date has not changed the basic method of inquiry in literary studies nor has it remapped the canon in terms of genre. Rather than focus on the canonical literary genres, ecocriticism could have emphasized research on popular scientific texts and travel narratives that have generated far more public attention and debate. Likewise, relatively little research is devoted to other visual media such as film and photography which have also received large public attention. Moreover, there are many biological and ecological concepts which remain ill-defined in science and offer the possibility of exploration in terms of what cultural assumptions contribute to their definitions, uses, translations and reception. Thus ecocriticism needs a re-engagement with biological and ecological sciences which would challenge the conventions of literary and cultural studies. Palabras clave: topografía, canon literario, literatura medioambiental, medios audiovisuales, humanidades digitales Hasta ahora la ecocrítica no ha cambiado el método básico de investigación de los estudios literarios, ni ha re-dibujado el canon en cuestión de género literario. En vez de centrarse en los géneros literarios canónicos, la ecocrítica podía haber hecho hincapié en la investigación de textos científicos y narrativas de viaje populares que han generado mucha más atención pública y debate. De la misma forma, se ha dedicado relativamente poca investigación a otros medios visuales como el cine o la fotografía, que también han recibido gran atención del público. Además, hay muchos conceptos biológicos y ecológicos que permanecen mal definidos en ciencias y ofrecen la posibilidad de exploración en cuestión de los supuestos que contribuyen a sus definiciones, usos, traducciones y recepción. Por ello, la ecocrítica necesita re-comprometerse con las ciencias biológicas y ecológicas, lo que desafiaría  las convenciones de los estudios literarios y culturales

DYNAMIC STABILIZATION IN COLLEGIATE FEMALE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS: EFFECTS OF LEG DOMINANCE AND OFF-SEASON

Adequate dynamic stabilization can be a key factor in preventing non-contact lower extremity injuries, especially in sports which require agile movements, such as volleyball. Individuals with functional ankle instability (FAI) took longer to stabilize in static and dynamic tasks when examining anterior/posterior (AP) and medial/lateral (ML) responses (Ross & Guskiewicz, 2004). In an effort to detect FAI in athletes, differences in time to stabilization (TTS) between post- and pre-seasons and between dominant and non-dominant legs should be identified. The purpose of the study was to identify those differences (post- vs. pre-season; leg dominance) across various hopping directions. It was hypothesized that the pre-season test and dominant leg conditions exhibit greater stability (i.e., shorter TTS) in all hopping directions

Multispecies justice in the wetlands

This essay discusses the rise of "justice" as a central concept around which environmental thought and debates have been organized over the last thirty years, and briefly places the notions of environmental justice and multispecies justice into the more general context of theories of justice since John Rawls. It uses the case of the Ballona Wetlands Ecological Reserve in Los Angeles, whose future is hotly contested between different environmentalist groups, as a case study to illustrate the complex trade-offs that environmental decision-making currently confronts, and to suggest in what ways the invocation of multispecies justice changes the participants in the community of justice and the way in which their claims on humans' moral consideration should be weighed.Este ensayo analiza el ascenso de la “justicia” como concepto central sobre el que se han organizado el pensamiento y los debates medioambientales en los últimos treinta años, y localiza brevemente las nociones de justicia medioambiental y de justicia multiespecie dentro del contexto más general de las teorías de justicia desde John Rawls. Utiliza el caso de la Reserva Ecológica de los Humedales Ballona en Los Ángeles, cuyo futuro está muy disputado por diferentes grupos medioambientalistas, como caso práctico para ilustrar la compleja compensación a la que se enfrenta actualmente la toma de decisiones medioambiental, y sugerir de qué forma la invocación de la justicia multiespecie cambia los participantes en la comunidad de justicia y la forma en que deberían sopesarse sus demandas sobre la consideración moral de los humanos

Genetic control of alphavirus pathogenesis

Alphaviruses, members of the positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus family Togaviridae, represent a re-emerging public health concern worldwide as mosquito vectors expand into new geographic ranges. Members of the alphavirus genus tend to induce clinical disease characterized by rash, arthralgia, and arthritis (chikungunya virus, Ross River virus, and Semliki Forest virus) or encephalomyelitis (eastern equine encephalitis virus, western equine encephalitis virus, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus), though some patients who recover from the initial acute illness may develop long-term sequelae, regardless of the specific infecting virus. Studies examining the natural disease course in humans and experimental infection in cell culture and animal models reveal that host genetics play a major role in influencing susceptibility to infection and severity of clinical disease. Genome-wide genetic screens, including loss of function screens, microarrays, RNA-sequencing, and candidate gene studies, have further elucidated the role host genetics play in the response to virus infection, with the immune response being found in particular to majorly influence the outcome. This review describes the current knowledge of the mechanisms by which host genetic factors influence alphavirus pathogenesis and discusses emerging technologies that are poised to increase our understanding of the complex interplay between viral and host genetics on disease susceptibility and clinical outcome

X-ray Spectral Diagnostics of Gamma-Ray Burst Environments

Recently, the detection of discrete features in the X-ray afterglow spectra of GRB970508 and GRB970828 was reported. The most natural interpretation of these features is that they are redshifted Fe K emission complexes. The identification of the line emission mechanism has drastic implications for the inferred mass of radiating material, end hence the nature of the burst site. X-ray spectroscopy provides a direct observational constraint on these properties of gamma-ray bursters. We briefly discuss how these constraints arise, in the context of an application to the spectrum of GRB970508.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letter

XMM-Newton observation of the long-period polar V1309 Ori: The case for pure blobby accretion

Using XMM-Newton we have obtained the first X-ray observation covering a complete orbit of the longest period polar, V1309 Ori. The X-ray light curve is dominated by a short, bright phase interval with EPIC pn count rates reaching up to 15 cts/sec per 30 sec resolution bin. The bright phase emission is well described by a single blackbody component with kT_bb = (45 +- 3) eV. The absence of a bremsstrahlung component at photon energies above 1 keV yields a flux ratio F_bb/F_br > 6700. This represents the most extreme case of a soft X-ray excess yet observed in an AM Herculis star. The bright, soft X-ray emission is subdivided into a series of individual flare events supporting the hypothesis that the soft X-ray excess in V1309 is caused by accretion of dense blobs. In addition to the bright phase emission, a faint, hard X-ray component is visible throughout the binary orbit with an almost constant count rate of 0.01 cts/sec. Spectral modelling indicates that this emission originates from a complex multi-temperature plasma. At least three components of an optically thin plasma with temperatures kT= 0.065, 0.7, and 2.9 keV are required to fit the observed flux distribution. The faint phase emission is occulted during the optical eclipse. Eclipse ingress lasts about 15--20 min and is substantially prolonged beyond nominal ingress of the white dwarf. This and the comparatively low plasma temperature provide strong evidence that the faint-phase emission is not thermal bremsstrahlung from a post-shock accretion column above the white dwarf. A large fraction of the softer faint-phase emission could be explained by scattering of photons from the blackbody component in the infalling material above the accretion region. The remaining hard X-ray flux could be produced in the coupling region, so far unseen in other polars.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, A&A publishe

THE EFFECT OF COMPRESSION TIGHTS AND DURATION OF TESTING ON CONTINUOUS JUMPING MECHANICAL POWER

INTRODUCTION: In order to improve their performance, athletes seek advancements in technology, such as clothing. Manufacturers of compression tights, advertise that their product adds support to lower extremity musculature, thus may slow the onset of fatigue. Few scientific studies, however, have been conducted to identify how advancements in apparel influence an athlete’s performance (Kraemer et al., 1996). The purpose of the present study was to identify the effects of compression tights on mechanical power for continuous jumping. Secondly, the effect of duration on the mechanical power output by using Bosco’s method (1983) over 15, 30, 45, and 60 sec time-frames, as well as the interaction between apparel and duration