Intermediate left-right gauge symmetry, unification of couplings and fermion masses in SUSY SO(10)×S4SO(10)\times S_4

If left-right gauge theory occurs as an intermediate symmetry in a GUT then, apart from other advantages, it is possible to obtain the see-saw scale necessary to understand small neutrino masses with Majorana coupling of order unity. Barring threshold or non-renormalizable gravitational effects, or assumed presence of additional light scalar particles of unprescribed origin, all other attempts to achieve manifest one-loop gauge coupling unification in SUSY SO(10) with left-right intermediate symmetry have not been successful so far. Attributing this failure to lack of flavor symmetry in the GUT, we show how the spontaneous symmetry breaking of $SO(10)\times S_4$ leads to such intermediate scale extending over a wide range, $M_R \simeq 5\times 10^{9}$ GeV to $10^{15}$ GeV. All the charged fermion masses are fitted at the see-saw scale, $M_N\simeq M_R \simeq 4 \times 10^{13}$ GeV which is obtained with Majorana coupling $f_0 \simeq 1$. Using a constrained parametrization in which CP-violation originates only from quark sector, besides other predictions made in the neutrino sector, the reactor mixing angle is found to be $\theta_{13} \simeq 3^{\circ} - 5^{\circ}$ which is in the range accessible to ongoing and planned experiments. The leptonic Dirac phase turns out to be $\delta \sim 2.9- 3.1$ radians with Jarlskog invariant $J \sim 2.95 \times 10^{-5} - 10^{-3}$.Comment: Minor clarification and few references added to match the published versio

A model for fluctuating inflaton coupling: (s)neutrino induced adiabatic perturbations and non-thermal leptogenesis

We discuss an unique possibility of generating adiabatic density perturbations and leptogenesis from the spatial fluctuations of the inflaton decay rate. The key assumption is that the initial isocurvature perturbations are created in the right handed sneutrino sector during inflation which is then converted into adiabatic perturbations when the inflaton decays. We discuss distinct imprints on the cosmic micro wave background radiation, which can distinguish non-thermal versus thermal leptogenesis.Comment: 4 pages, version to be published in PR

N K and Delta K states in the chiral SU(3) quark model

The isospin I=0 and I=1 kaon-nucleon $S$, $P$, $D$, $F$ wave phase shifts are studied in the chiral SU(3) quark model by solving the resonating group method (RGM) equation. The calculated phase shifts for different partial waves are in agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, the structures of the $\Delta K$ states with L=0, I=1 and I=2 are investigated. We find that the interaction between $\Delta$ and $K$ in the case of L=0, I=1 is attractive, which is not like the situation of the $NK$ system, where the $S$-wave interactions between $N$ and $K$ for both I=0 and I=1 are repulsive. Our numerical results also show that when the model parameters are taken to be the same as in our previous $NN$ and $YN$ scattering calculations, the $\Delta K$ state with L=0 and I=1 is a weakly bound state with about 2 MeV binding energy, while the one with I=2 is unbound in the present one-channel calculation.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures. PRC70,064004(2004

Safety and Effectiveness of Struvite from Black Water and Urine as a Phosphorus Fertilizer

To ensure food supply, phosphorus must be recycled, for which an appealing method is using struvite fertilizer from human excreta. One struvite from black water and another from urine were assessed for safety under Dutch regulations, and for effectiveness as P fertilizer in a maize field experiment and a literature review. Both struvites contained 12% P, 12% Mg, 6% N, and 0.5-1.5% of several micronutrients. Struvites did not exceed Dutch regulations for heavy metals or pathogens, and based on literature, organic toxins should be far below regulatory limits. In this study and 18 others, struvite appears to have similar effectiveness to soluble fertilizer. Early in the season, 200 kg P2O5 ha-1 of black water struvite and soluble phosphorus improved maize performance (

Cold dark matter and primordial superheavy particles

The hypothesis that cold dark matter consists of primordial superheavy particles, the decay of short lifetime component of which led to the observable mass of matter while long living component survived up to modern times manifesting its presence in high energetic cosmic rays particles is investigated.Comment: LaTeX, 5 pages, no figure

Quantum Mechanical Realization of a Popescu-Rohrlich Box

We consider quantum ensembles which are determined by pre- and post-selection. Unlike the case of only pre-selected ensembles, we show that in this case the probabilities for measurement outcomes at intermediate times satisfy causality only rarely; such ensembles can in general be used to signal between causally disconnected regions. We show that under restrictive conditions, there are certain non-trivial bi-partite ensembles which do satisfy causality. These ensembles give rise to a violation of the CHSH inequality, which exceeds the maximal quantum violation given by Tsirelson's bound, $B_{\rm CHSH}\le 2\sqrt2$, and obtains the Popescu-Rohrlich bound for the maximal violation, $B_{\rm CHSH}\le 4$. This may be regarded as an a posteriori realization of super-correlations, which have recently been termed Popescu-Rohrlich boxes.Comment: 5 page

Higgs triplets at like-sign linear colliders and neutrino mixing

We study the phenomenology of the type-II seesaw model at a linear e^-e^- collider. We show that the process e^-e^- \rightarrow alpha^-beta^- (alpha, beta = e, mu, tau being charged leptons) mediated by a doubly charged scalar is very sensitive to the neutrino parameters, in particular the absolute neutrino mass scale and the Majorana CP-violating phases. We identify the regions in parameter space in which appreciable collider signatures in the channel with two like-sign muons in the final state are possible. This includes Higgs triplet masses beyond the reach of the LHC.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure

Hierarchical neutrino masses and mixing in non minimal-SU(5)

We consider the problem of neutrino masses and mixing within the framework of a non-minimal supersymmetric SU(5) model extended by adding a set of 1,24 chiral superfields accommodating three right-handed neutrinos. A Type I+III see-saw mechanism can then be realized giving rise to a hierarchical mass spectrum for the light neutrinos of the form m_3> m_2>> m_1 consistent with present data. The extra colored states are pushed to the unification scale by proton stability constraints, while the intermediate see-saw energy scale and the unification scale are maintained in phenomenologically acceptable ranges. We also examine the issue of large neutrino mixing hierarchy \theta_{23}> \theta_{12}>> \theta_{13} in the above framework of hierarchical neutrino masses.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. Captions inserted, 2 sentences for clarification added, 2 references adde

Flavor Mass and Mixing and S_3 Symmetry -- An S_3 Invariant Model Reasonable to All --

We assume that weak bases of flavors (u, c)_{L,R}, (d,s)_{L,R}, (e, \mu) _{L,R}, (\nu_e, \nu_\mu)_{L,R} are the S_3 doublet and t_{L,R}, b_{L,R}, \tau_{L,R}, {\nu_\tau}_{L,R} are the S_3 singlet and further there are S_3 doublet Higgs (H_D^1, H_D^2) and S_3 singlet Higgs H_S. We suggest an S_3 invariant Yukawa interaction, in which masses caused from the interaction of S_3 singlet flavors and Higgs is very large and masses caused from interactions of S_3 doublet flavors and Higgs are very small, and the vacuum expectation value _0 is rather small compared to the _0. In this model, we can explain the quark sector mass hierarchy, flavor mixing V_{CKM} and measure of CP violation naturally. The leptonic sector mass hierarchy and flavor mixing described by V_{MNS} having one-maximal and one-large mixing character can also be explained naturally with no other symmetry restriction. In our model, an origin of Cabibbo angle is the ratio \lambda=_0 /_0 and an origin of CP violation is the phase of H_D^1.Comment: 16 page

Experimental tests for the Babu-Zee two-loop model of Majorana neutrino masses

The smallness of the observed neutrino masses might have a radiative origin. Here we revisit a specific two-loop model of neutrino mass, independently proposed by Babu and Zee. We point out that current constraints from neutrino data can be used to derive strict lower limits on the branching ratio of flavour changing charged lepton decays, such as $\mu \to e \gamma$. Non-observation of Br($\mu \to e \gamma$) at the level of $10^{-13}$ would rule out singly charged scalar masses smaller than 590 GeV (5.04 TeV) in case of normal (inverse) neutrino mass hierarchy. Conversely, decay branching ratios of the non-standard scalars of the model can be fixed by the measured neutrino angles (and mass scale). Thus, if the scalars of the model are light enough to be produced at the LHC or ILC, measuring their decay properties would serve as a direct test of the model as the origin of neutrino masses.Comment: 14 pages, 16 figure