427 research outputs found
Influence of Student Councils Participation in Conflict Resolution on Management of Public Boysâ and Girlsâ Boarding Secondary Schools, Nyeri County, Kenya
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of studentsâ councilâs participation in conflict resolution on management in boysâ and girlsâ public boarding secondary schools. The study adopted the descriptive survey and correlation research designs. The study was conducted in 12 boysâ and 12 girlsâ public boarding secondary schools in Nyeri County that were identified using purposive sampling technique. A sample of 384 respondents was used. Data was collected using questionnaires. Data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found that participation of student council in conflicts resolution had statistically significant influence on management of public boysâ and girlsâ boarding secondary schools. The study concluded that a unit increase in participation of student councils in conflict resolution enhances school management by a factor of 0.887. The study recommended that there is need to enhance guidance and counseling among students, organize forums to train student councils on conflict resolution strategies and promote moral behavior and characters in order to be trusted in resolving conflicts among students Keywords: School management; Students Council; Conflict resolution; Secondary school
MÄori aspirations following stroke: A pathway forward for the speech-language therapy field
Background: Attempts to improve Indigenous health outcomes
are evident in the speech-language therapy (SLT) field, although
they are restricted by a limited evidence base. Prior research has
shown that SLT services do not always meet Indigenous stroke
survivorsâ needs, however, few studies have investigated this phe-
nomenon and fewer have explored solutions. Consequently, the
SLT field lacks knowledge of appropriate and optimal supports.
Aims: To identify and compare experiences and aspirations of
MÄori stroke survivors, whÄnau (family), and speech-language
therapists (SLTs) in Aotearoa New Zealand regarding SLT service
provision.
Methods & Procedures: Kaupapa MÄori research and interpretive
description methodologies underpinned this study. Four MÄori
stroke survivors, two whÄnau members, and five SLTs participated
in semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using constant
comparative analysis and collaboratively interpreted during a hui
(meeting) between researchers and participants.
Outcomes & Results: Analysis highlighted six themes spanning
experiences and aspirations: (1) tautoko (support), (2) kaupapa
MÄori (MÄori approach), (3) whanaungatanga (relationships), (4)
tino rangatiratanga (autonomy), (5) taiao (environment), and (6)
kĆnekeneke (change). Positive aspects of SLT were described, how-
ever, MÄori often did not receive optimal supports. Aspirations
centred on changes to SLT services and the wider healthcare
system.
Conclusions: Adaptations to SLT services are indicated to improve
the quality of SLT received by MÄori following stroke. To meet
aspirations described in this study, the SLT profession may incorpo-
rate MÄori approaches; prioritise strong, collaborative relationships;
offer more autonomy to MÄori stroke survivors; support the devel-
opment of SLTs and SLT students; increase public awareness; and
encourage change in the wider healthcare system. Many aspirations
identified in the current study are consistent with those identified
by Indigenous people in Australia, suggesting that some common
solutions may exist to improving Indigenous SLT services
In vitro development of chemotherapy and targeted therapy drug-resistant cancer cell lines: a practical guide with case studies
The development of a drug-resistant cell line can take from 3 to 18âmonths. However, little is published on the methodology of this development process. This article will discuss key decisions to be made prior to starting resistant cell line development; the choice of parent cell line, dose of selecting agent, treatment interval, and optimizing the dose of drug for the parent cell line. Clinically relevant drug-resistant cell lines are developed by mimicking the conditions cancer patients experience during chemotherapy and cell lines display between two- and eight-fold resistance compared to their parental cell line. Doses of drug administered are low, and a pulsed treatment strategy is often used where the cells recover in drug-free media. High-level laboratory models are developed with the aim of understanding potential mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy agents. Doses of drug are higher and escalated over time. It is common to have difficulty developing stable clinically relevant drug-resistant cell lines. A comparative selection strategy of multiple cell lines or multiple chemotherapeutic agents mitigates this risk and gives insight into which agents or type of cell line develops resistance easily. Successful selection strategies from our research are presented. Pulsed-selection produced platinum or taxane-resistant large cell lung cancer (H1299 and H460) and temozolomide-resistant melanoma (Malme-3M and HT144) cell lines. Continuous selection produced a lapatinib-resistant breast cancer cell line (HCC1954). Techniques for maintaining drug-resistant cell lines are outlined including; maintaining cells with chemotherapy, pulse treating with chemotherapy, or returning to master drug-resistant stocks. The heterogeneity of drug-resistant models produced from the same parent cell line with the same chemotherapy agent is explored with reference to P-glycoprotein. Heterogeneity in drug-resistant cell lines reflects the heterogeneity that can occur in clinical drug resistance
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Youths with asthma and their experiences of self-management education: a qualitative systematic review protocol
REVIEW QUESTION: What are the experiences of youths with asthma in self-management education
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Youths with asthma and their experiences of self-management education: A systematic review of qualitative evidence
AIMS: To identify and synthesize the available evidence of youths with asthma and their experience of self-management education.
DESIGN: Systematic literature review of qualitative studies with meta-synthesis of findings.
DATA SOURCES: We searched five databases, CINAHL Complete, Embase, MEDLINE (EBSCO) PsycINFO, ASSIA and the Global Index Medicus (formerly the WHOLIS). Initial search in September 2019 and updated in July 2020 and July 2022.
REVIEW METHODS: The systematic review was conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. Qualitative data were extracted, meta-summarized and then meta-synthesized.
RESULTS: Eighteen studies were identified for inclusion in this review and three themes were identified: The theory and practice gap, contemporary health-seeking preferences and the psychosocial impacts of living with asthma.
CONCLUSION: The needs of youths with asthma are specific and must be measurable against the change in asthma outcomes for this group. They have unmet self-management educational needs that stakeholders, involved in their care and support, should address. Education and practice policy should focus on youth-centric approaches. Through meaningful engagement with youths, stakeholders can identify their support needs, requirements and preferences to successfully underpin the theory and practice of self-management education.
IMPACT: This review synthesized evidence of youths with asthma and their experiences of self-management education, highlighting their specific self-management information needs. The findings highlight several implications for healthcare professionals in education, practice and research. This age profile is under-explored and further research into this population would work towards filling the theory and practice gap and highlighting the identified psychosocial issues faced by this group
Does oral sodium bicarbonate therapy improve function and quality of life in older patients with chronic kidney disease and low-grade acidosis (the BiCARB trial)? Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Date of acceptance: 01/07/2015 © 2015 Witham et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Acknowledgements UK NIHR HTA grant 10/71/01. We acknowledge the financial support of NHS Research Scotland in conducting this trial.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
CD155/PVR plays a key role in cell motility during tumor cell invasion and migration
BACKGROUND: Invasion is an important early step of cancer metastasis that is not well understood. Developing therapeutics to limit metastasis requires the identification and validation of candidate proteins necessary for invasion and migration. METHODS: We developed a functional proteomic screen to identify mediators of tumor cell invasion. This screen couples Fluorophore Assisted Light Inactivation (FALI) to a scFv antibody library to systematically inactivate surface proteins expressed by human fibrosarcoma cells followed by a high-throughput assessment of transwell invasion. RESULTS: Using this screen, we have identified CD155 (the poliovirus receptor) as a mediator of tumor cell invasion through its role in migration. Knockdown of CD155 by FALI or by RNAi resulted in a significant decrease in transwell migration of HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells towards a serum chemoattractant. CD155 was found to be highly expressed in multiple cancer cell lines and primary tumors including glioblastoma (GBM). Knockdown of CD155 also decreased migration of U87MG GBM cells. CD155 is recruited to the leading edge of migrating cells where it colocalizes with actin and αv-integrin, known mediators of motility and adhesion. Knockdown of CD155 also altered cellular morphology, resulting in cells that were larger and more elongated than controls when plated on a Matrigel substrate. CONCLUSION: These results implicate a role for CD155 in mediating tumor cell invasion and migration and suggest that CD155 may contribute to tumorigenesis
Flexible Ultrasound System (FUS) for Exploration and Human Research
No abstract availabl
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