Human-environment relationships in modern and postmodern geography

In this article we analyse the human-environment relationships in geographical research from the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 21st century. We highlight paradigms, which aff ected our way of thinking about man-environment relations. Discussing scientifi c approaches and paradigms in geography the leading scientists who had infl uential thoughts and helped the shaping of a paradigm will also be mentioned. The research on human-environment relations has appeared in geography from time to time, but the connecting paradigms had also diff erent stories through time and space. Undoubtedly, the nowadays reviving determin- ism had the greatest infl uence, but possibilism has also had a signifi cant impact on our discipline. Research on human-environment relationships reappeared in a new form through the discourse on global climate change. Postmodern, poststructuralist, and postcolonial approaches changed radically the basis of human-environment research. In this paper, we argue that geography needs to renew not only its philosophical basis and theoretical context, but the connections between the two subdisciplines of geography (i.e. between physical and human geography) must be refreshed too

MÓCVIDÉK – TÁJI ADOTTSÁGOK ÉS ÉLETMÓD EGY ÁTALAKULÓ VILÁGBAN

Egy OTKA kutatás keretében immár három éve foglalkozunk a természeti környezet adottságainak a társadalom aktivitására tett hatásaival, illetve ezek mértékével. Kutatásaink során eddig kifejezetten a karsztos és nem karsztos területek összehasonlítására törekedtünk, ezért olyan tájegységeket választottunk mintaterületként, ahol kiterjedt karsztfelszínek is találhatók. Ugyanakkor a vizsgált folyamatok ettől elvonatkoztatva is különösen érdekesek lehetnek egy olyan makroregionális értelemben vett periféria területen, mint Köztes-Európa, ahol e periférián belül további, a helyi gazdasági erőterektől távol eső elzárt, így elmaradott térségeket is találhatunk, ahol az átmenet immáron több évtizedes története tovább mélyített egy sor korábbi gyökerű problémát. Az alábbi tanulmányban kifejezetten a társadalomföldrajz irányából közelítve, egy kulturális szempontból lehatárolható, a szűkebb és tágabb közösségek számára is szimbolikus jelentőségű tájegységet, a Mócvidéket vettük górcső alá.A Mócvidéken élők tájhasználata történelmi léptékekben is sajátosságokat mutat a környező területekhez képest. A tengerszint feletti magasság által befolyásolt gazdasági aktivitási formák, valamint az ennek megfelelő sajátos településhálózat önmagukban is egyedi táji jellemzőket adnak

Graduate and postgraduate state university education of laboratory specialists in Hungary: medical doctors, pharmacists and laboratory analysts

The authors focus on the description of graduate and postgraduate training of specialists working in clinical laboratories in Hungary. All training schemes are regulated by government decrees and, after obtaining an MSc degree, medical doctors and pharmacists may enter a specialty program for Medi-cal Laboratory Diagnostics. For biologists, chemists and medical research laboratory analysts with an MSc degree a clinical biochemistry specialty training program is open. Regulated by law, the trainings are uniform in Hungary and are assigned to accredited medical universities. The candidates should complete a 26-month core program followed by 36 months’ specific education. After a successful final examination including both practical skills and theoretical questions, specialists get a full license which will enable them to supervise laboratory work and validate test results. Laboratory specialists should join a continuous (lifelong) learning program and collect scores by attending special training courses. To receive a scientific degree, specialists may join PhD programs at any of the accredited universities

Wall shear stress in the development of in-stent restenosis revisited. A critical review of clinical data on shear stress after intracoronary stent implantation

The average wall shear stress (WSS) is in 1 Pa range in coronary arteries, while the stretching effect of an implanted coronary stent can generate up to 3 × 105 times higher circumferential stress in the vessel wall. It is widely accepted that WSS plays a critical role in the development of restenosis after coronary stent implantation, but relevant clinical endpoint studies are lack­ing. Fluid dynamics modeling suggests an association between WSS and intimal hyperplasia, however, such an association is not established when the compensating healing process becomes an overshoot phenomenon. This review summarizes available clinical results and concepts of potential clinical importance

Monitoring exercise-induced muscle damage indicators and myoelectric activity during two weeks of knee extensor exercise training in young and old men

This study considered the effects of repeated bouts of short-term resistive exercise in old (age: 64.5±5.5 years; n = 10) and young men (age: 25.1±4.9 years; n = 10) who performed six knee extension exercise bouts over two weeks using various markers of exercise-induced muscle damage and electromyographic activity. We found that time-course changes in quadriceps isometric torque, creatine kinase activity, and muscle soreness in the two groups were similar. However, recovery in the acute torque deficit was mediated by more favourable electromyographic activity changes in the young group than in the older adults group. Muscle elastic energy storage and re-use assessed with dynamometry was selectively improved in the young group by the end of the protocol. Serum myoglobin concentration increased selectively in old group, and remained elevated with further bouts, suggesting higher sarcolemma vulnerability and less effective metabolic adaptation in the older adults, which, however, did not affect muscle contractility

Graduate and postgraduate state university education of laboratory specialists in Hungary: medical doctors, pharmacists and laboratory analysts

The authors focus on the description of graduate and postgraduate training of specialists working in clinical laboratories in Hungary. All training schemes are regulated by government decrees and, after obtaining an MSc degree, medical doctors and pharmacists may enter a specialty program for Medi-cal Laboratory Diagnostics. For biologists, chemists and medical research laboratory analysts with an MSc degree a clinical biochemistry specialty training program is open. Regulated by law, the trainings are uniform in Hungary and are assigned to accredited medical universities. The candidates should complete a 26-month core program followed by 36 months’ specific education. After a successful final examination including both practical skills and theoretical questions, specialists get a full license which will enable them to supervise laboratory work and validate test results. Laboratory specialists should join a continuous (lifelong) learning program and collect scores by attending special training courses. To receive a scientific degree, specialists may join PhD programs at any of the accredited universities