Çocukların Okuma Hakkına İlişkin Algıları Ölçeği (ÇOH): Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Bu araştırmanın amacı çocukların okuma hakkına ilişkin algılarını değerlendirmeye yönelik bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Araştırma ilkokul ve ortaokul öğrencileri ile 2023-2024 eğitim öğretim yılı içerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemi ve tarama araştırma kullanılmıştır. Öncelikle 55 yargı ifadesi ile madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Maddelerin kapsam geçerliliğini sağlamak için alanında uzman sekiz öğretim elemanına, 2 sınıf öğretmenine ve 2 Türkçe öğretmenine ulaşılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirmeler doğrultusunda bazı maddeler elenmiş kalan 39 maddeye 5’li Likert eklenmiş ve aday ölçek ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Örneklemin belirlenmesinde olasılığa dayalı olmayan örneklem yöntemlerinden “kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme” tercih edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda 814 örnekleme ulaşılmıştır. Yapılan analizlere göre KMO değerinin .948; Bartlett’s testi sonucunun ise anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. AFA’ya göre ölçek dört alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır. Ölçekte 32 madde yer almaktadır. Ölçekte yer alan maddelerin faktör yük değerleri 0.38 ve 0.75 arasında değişmektedir. DFA çalışmasında sıklıkla kullanılan uyum değerlerinden, RMSEA = .08; CFI= 0.901; GFI=0.929; NFI= 0.834 şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğin tümü için Cronbach’s alpha değeri ise 0.85’tir. Bu çalışmada geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirilmiştir

Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10 years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37 years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020

Pre-Service EFL Teachers’ Noticing in Practicum Through Joint Reflection in the Turkish Context

The present study was undertaken to analyze pre-service EFL teachers’ (PSTs) noticing during the practicum process over 14 weeks. In total, 26 PSTs took part in the present study. Data were collected through joint reflection sessions (JRSs). For JRS, PSTs met in their group every week after their practicum days and discussed what they noticed on that day. Basically, the study attempts to explore what salient or noteworthy classroom situation PSTs notice in their practicum as they are observing and whether they could the specifics of classroom situations and the broader principles of teaching and learning they represent. To problematize these, we used Pedagogical Content Knowledge framework. The results indicated that the PSTs mainly focused on communication, environment , and management categories . The study also showed that the PSTs mainly dealt with the order in the teaching process, with relatively superficial noticing regarding content

Vulvar Cavernous Hemangioma: Case Report

Vascular tumors of the female genitalia are unusual. Hemangiomas are benign tumors of the blood vessels. Usually they are asymptomatic and may be quite small. Histologically they are characterized by the endothelial cells and varying amount of supporting tissue. In this study a reproductive age woman who had symptomatic vulvar cavernous hemangioma is discussed