Analysis of Yield Criteria and Flow Curves on FLC for TWIP900 Steel

In this study, the applicability of yield criteria and flow curve models to predict forming limit curve (FLC) via the Marciniak-Kuczynski (M-K) model is investigated for TWIP900 steel. Forming limit characteristics of TWIP900 are determined experimentally and numerically. The yield criteria of Hill48, Barlat89, YLD2000-2d, and BBC2000 are tested and compared with each other. Results indicate that the YLD2000-2d and the BBC2000 yield criteria are found to be more accurate than the other criteria. The YLD2000 criterion has the best prediction capability with the Krupskowsky flow curve while the BBC2000 model has the best prediction with the Ludwick flow curve model. © 2020, The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc

Correction of more hallux valgus pathologic disorders with a single distal osteotomy a new surgical technique

Background: Hallux valgus, one of the most common deformities of the great toe, may cause pain, dysfunction, and impaired gait pattern. In this retrospective study we report the results of a new type of distal metatarsal osteotomy combined with distal soft-tissue release in patients with mild-to-moderate hallux valgus deformity. Methods: This new technique was used in the management of 32 feet of 31 patients (eight men and 23 women) with mild-to-moderate hallux valgus. Hallux valgus angle, i ntermetatarsal angl e, and distal metatarsal articular angl e were measured on preoperative, earl y postoperative (6–8 weeks), and l ate (1 year) postoperative radiographs. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society hallux metatarsophalangeal score was calculated. Sesamoid position, by considering medial sesamoid position, and metatarsal shortness were also measured. Results: Statistically significant differences were detected between the preoperative and late postoperative measurements of the hallux valgus angle, distal metatarsal articular angle, intermetatarsal angle, and sesamoid position parameters in patients operated on with this technique. Improvement was 14° for the hallux valgus angle, 4° for the distal metatarsal articular angle, and 4° for the intermetatarsal angle. Sesamoid position was also improved, and the mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score was significantly improved. Metatarsal shortness greater than 2 mm was observed in two patients without resulting in any clinical discomfort. Conclusions: This new technique was easy, safe, and promising in patients diagnosed as having mild-to-moderate hallux valgus deformity. © 2021, American Podiatric Medical Association. All rights reserved

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of coping with rheumatic stressors instrument into Turkish language

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Impact of obstructive sleep apnoea on left ventricular mass and global function

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) might be a cause of heart failure. The present study aimed to assess left ventricular mass and myocardial performance index (MPI) in OSAS patients. A total of 67 subjects without any cardiac or pulmonary disease, referred for evaluation of OSAS, had overnight polysomnography and echocardiography. According to apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI), subjects were classified into three groups: mild OSAS (AHI: 5-14; n=16), moderate OSAS (AHI: 15-29; n=18), and severe OSAS (AHI: ≥30; n=33). Thickness of interventricular septum (IVS) and posterior wall (LVPW) were measured by M-mode, along with left ventricular mass (LVM) and LVM index (LVMI). Left ventricular MPI was calculated as (isovolumic contraction time+isovolumic relaxation time)/aortic ejection time by Döppler echocardiography. There were no differences in age or body mass index among the groups, but blood pressures were higher in severe OSAS compared with moderate and mild OSAS. In severe OSAS, thickness of IVS (11.2 ± 1.1 mm), LVPW (11.4 ± 0.9 mm), LVM (298.8 ± 83.1 g) and LVMI (144.7 ± 39.8 g·m-2) were higher than in moderate OSAS (10.9 ± 1.3 mm; 10.8 ± 0.9 mm; 287.3 ± 74.6 g; 126.5 ± 41.2 g·m-2, respectively) and mild OSAS (9.9 ± 0.9 mm; 9.8 ± 0.8 mm; 225.6 ± 84.3 g; 100.5 ± 42.3 g·m-2, respectively). In severe OSAS, MPI (0.64 ± 0.14) was significantly higher than in mild OSAS (0.50 ± 0.09), but not significantly higher than moderate OSAS (0.60 ± 0.10). In conclusion, severe and moderate obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome patients had higher left ventricular mass and left ventricular mass index, and also left ventricular global dysfunction. Copyright©ERS Journals Ltd 2005

Assessment of the Awareness and Opinions of Turkish Medical Students Towards Violence Against Women: a Questionnaire-Based Study

DergiPark: 963037tmsjAims: This study aims to evaluate the opinions of medical students about violence against women, the education they receive during medical school regarding violence against women, and how they would manage a case of violence victims if they were to encounter it in their medical careers. Methods: In this question- naire-based study, 610 medical students from 37 medical schools were approached, and their opinions towards violence against women were evaluated through an online questionnaire. Demographic data such as age and gender were also gathered. Students were grouped according to their gender (male and female) and study levels; 1st, 2nd, and 3rd grades were grouped as pre-clinical, whereas students in 4th, 5th, and 6th grades were grouped as clinical. In comparing para- metric variables, the Student’s t-test was used, whereas, in non-parametric variables, the Mann-Whitney U test was used. The Chi-square test was used in the comparison of categorical variables. Results: There was a statistically significant difference within both groups (gender and study levels) for questions 5 (Which of the following would you describe as violence? [Multiple answers are allowed.]) and 13 (Do you think female physicians are exposed to violence more?). Our results also demonstrate a statistically significant difference for questions 15 (Is it obligatory for a physician to keep a legal report for a female patient who has been admitted to the emergency department as a victim of violence), 16 (It is not obligatory for a physician to keep a legal report for a female patient who has been admitted to the emergency department as a victim of violence without her consent.), and 17 (A physician is not obliged to complete the physical examina- tion or continue the diagnosis-treatment process of a female patient who has been a subject of violence without her consent.) between pre-clinical and clinical groups, where the clinical group gave the most correct answers. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results gave us a perspective that clinical students' awareness and management of violence against women is higher than pre-clinical students'. These results may be attributed to two factors; lectures on violence against women or the experience students attain during their clinical practices. Female students were keener in participating in our study. Further prospective studies with equal gender distribution investigating the possible impact of lectures about violence against women on physicians' management of similar situations are needed

Sedoanalgesia Administration with Propofol and Ketamine for Minor Urologic Interventions

Aim: In this study we aimed to administer sedoanalgesia with propofol and ketamine combination in patients undergoing planned minor urologic interventions with limited anesthesia. By combining these two medications, lower doses may be used, and we aimed to provide sufficient sedation, analgesia and amnesia without disrupting hemodynamic and respiratory stability and to increase patient and surgeon satisfaction. Material-Method: The study included 53 patients with planned minor urologic interventions aged from 19 to 85 years and physical situation ASA I-III. After six hours starvation, patients were taken to the surgery. Patients were monitored for electrocardiography (ECG), oxygen saturation (SPO2 ) and non-invasive blood pressure. For use if necessary a nasal O2 cannula was inserted. A vein in the back of the left hand was opened and 5 ml/min isotonic sodium chloride infusion was begun. Patient heart rate (HR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) values were measured and a 5 point sedation scale (Table 1) was used to measure sedation scores. Basal values were recorded (0 min). Later patients were randomly divided into two groups with Group I administered intraurethral lidocaine gel for local anesthesia by the surgeon, while Group II were administered intravenous 0.015 mg/kg midazolam, 0.5 mg/kg 1% ketamine and 0.5 mg/kg 1% propofol by the authors for sedoanalgesia. At five minute intervals the HR, SAP, DAP, MAP, SpO2 values and sedation scores were measured and recorded. Results: Statistical evaluation found a statistically significant increase in SAP, DAP and MAP values measured at the 5th minute in Group I patients compared to preoperative values. In Group I patients, when the heart rate measured in the 1st and 5th minutes are compared with preoperative values there was a statistically significant increase identified. In Group II patients, there was a statistically significant fall in SpO2 values in the 1st and 5th minutes compared with preoperative values. When patient and surgeon satisfaction are compared with Group I, Group II was found to be statistically significantly higher. Though the blood pressure and heart rate increases in Group I patients were statistically significant, they were not at levels that required clinical intervention and/or treatment. Similarly the SpO2 decrease observed in Group II patients did not fall below 90% in any patient in spite of being statistically significant and rose again without clinical intervention and/or treatment. Conclusion: In this study we showed that sedoanalgesia administration with propofol and ketamine may be an alternative method for patients undergoing minor urology interventions that does not disrupt hemodynamic and respiratory stability, does not delay patient discharge, has low side effect incidence and has high patient and surgeon satisfaction

Classification System in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis,

Scoliosis is defined as the lateral spinal curvature with a 10° Cobb angle or above. Idiopathic scoliosis accounts for nearly 80% of the structural coronal deformities. According to the age groups, it is classified as infantile (the ages between 0-3), juvenile (ages between 4-9), adolescence (the age of 10 – until maturity). King classification and Lenke classification are the mostly widely used classifications in idiopathic scoliosis classification systems. Although the classification system presented by Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) is simple and easy to understand, Lenke system is considered more advantageous for practical use. Lenke classification is the most widely used and accepted classification system

Complıcatıons that may occur ın dıstal radıus fractures as a result of surgıcal treatment,

Distal radius fractures are among the mostly seen orthopaedic traumas and constitute nearly 20% of fracture cases applying to the emergency. In case segmental and unstable fractures seen on the surface of joint are not appropriately treated, serious complications occur. In selection of the applied treatment methods, patient’s age, job, functional status and daily activities play an important role for the patients with distal radius fractures. In addition to chronological age, the physiological condition of the patient and general state of health should be examined carefully. Surgical treatment can be considered for young and active patients for better results. There is a wide range of methods for surgical treatment and these are “Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning, Closed reduction and external fixation, Percutaneous pinning in addition to closed reduction and external fixation, Grafting in addition to closed reduction and external fixation, Closed reduction and external fixation and limited open reduction-internal fixation and grafting, Arthroscopy-supported open reduction, Open reduction and internal fixation (plate-screw)”. The complications that may occur following the surgical intervention are between 6-80%. The complications stated in literature are loss of motion, delayed bonding, nonunion, nerve compression, pain syndromes, complications of fixation material, osteomyelitis, malunion, tendon ruptures, tenosynovitis, scar formation, radio ulnar synostosis, dupuytren’s contracture, arthritis, ligament injury. Today, radius distal fractures are generally subjected to surgical treatment thanks to the development of orthopaedic surgery. It hasn’t been proved yet that surgical treatment is far superior to conservative treatment

Financial dimension of sports injuries,

A variety of sports injuries, which are unique to every branch of sports, can occur. Type of injury may vary depending on the branch of sports and the severity of the incidence. Wearing protective equipment minimizes the sports injuries. Injuries can also be prevented by avoiding practicing mistakes. Cost of medical treatment in sports injuries as well as lost working days could be regarded as an indicator of financial dimension of sports injuries. In this study, the importance of sports injuries, cost of these injuries, and financial dimension of sports injuries in terms of athletes will be tackled