„Abholen“ – ein deutsches Lieblingswort

Bei diesem Text handelt es sich um das Manuskript einer Hörfunk-Marginalie, die, vom Verfasser selbst gesprochen, am 10. Juni 1997 im Programm Bayern 2 des Bayerischen Rundfunks („Nachtstudio“) ausgestrahlt wurde. Der Verfasser hatte von 1995-2012 den Lehrstuhl für Didaktik der Geschichte der Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München inne

Forschungsergebnisse zur Tann'schen Familiengeschichte im 16. bis 19. Jahrhundert

In der Rhön und ihrem Umland sind fränkische Adelsgeschlechter seit Jahrhunderten seßhaft geblieben. Dazu gehört die Familie v. der Tann. Sie ist eines Stammes mit der Familie v. Schlitz. Zusammen mit anderen, längst erloschenen Geschlechtern anderen Namens, wurzeln sie in einer Sippe der Rhön mit den Leitnamen Erminold, Gerlach und Irminger. Diese können dank der guten Quellenlage der Fuldaer Schöffen- und Totenbücher bis ins 8. Jahrhundert zurückverfolgt werden. Eine genealogische Folge läßt sich allerdings nur vermuten

A subset of metzincins and related genes constitutes a marker of human solid organ fibrosis

Metzincins and functionally related genes play important roles in extracellular matrix remodeling both in healthy and fibrotic conditions. We recently presented a transcriptomic classifier consisting of 19 metzincins and related genes (MARGS) discriminating biopsies from renal transplant patients with or without interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IF/TA) by virtue of gene expression measurement (Roedder et al., Am J Transplant 9:517-526, 2009). Here we demonstrate that the same algorithm has diagnostic value in non-transplant solid organ fibrosis. We used publically available microarray datasets of 325 human heart, liver, lung, kidney cortex, and pancreas microarray samples (265 with fibrosis, 60 healthy controls). Expression of nine commonly differentially expressed genes was confirmed by TaqMan low-density arrays (Applied Biosystems, USA) in 50 independent archival tissue specimens with matched histological diagnoses to microarray patients. In separate and in combined, integrated microarray data analyses of five datasets with 325 samples, the previously published MARGS classifier for renal post-transplant IF/TA had a mean AUC of 87% and 82%, respectively. These data demonstrate that the MARGS gene panel classifier not only discriminates IF/TA from normal renal transplant tissue, but also classifies solid organ fibrotic conditions of human pancreas, liver, heart, kidney, and lung tissue samples with high specificity and accuracy, suggesting that the MARGS classifier is a cross-platform, cross-organ classifier of fibrotic conditions of different etiologies when compared to normal tissu

Plant Growth Modelling and Applications: The Increasing Importance of Plant Architecture in Growth Models

Background Modelling plant growth allows us to test hypotheses and carry out virtual experiments concerning plant growth processes that could otherwise take years in field conditions. The visualization of growth simulations allows us to see directly and vividly the outcome of a given model and provides us with an instructive tool useful for agronomists and foresters, as well as for teaching. Functional-structural (FS) plant growth models are nowadays particularly important for integrating biological processes with environmental conditions in 3-D virtual plants, and provide the basis for more advanced research in plant sciences. Scope In this viewpoint paper, we ask the following questions. Are we modelling the correct processes that drive plant growth, and is growth driven mostly by sink or source activity? In current models, is the importance of soil resources (nutrients, water, temperature and their interaction with meristematic activity) considered adequately? Do classic models account for architectural adjustment as well as integrating the fundamental principles of development? Whilst answering these questions with the available data in the literature, we put forward the opinion that plant architecture and sink activity must be pushed to the centre of plant growth models. In natural conditions, sinks will more often drive growth than source activity, because sink activity is often controlled by finite soil resources or developmental constraints. PMA06 This viewpoint paper also serves as an introduction to this Special Issue devoted to plant growth modelling, which includes new research covering areas stretching from cell growth to biomechanics. All papers were presented at the Second International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA06), held in Beijing, China, from 13-17 November, 2006. Although a large number of papers are devoted to FS models of agricultural and forest crop species, physiological and genetic processes have recently been included and point the way to a new direction in plant modelling researc

Socioeconomic Status Is Related to Pubertal Development in a German Cohort

Introduction: Current health literature suggests that there has been a decline in the age of pubertal onset and that pubertal onset/duration of puberty may, besides weight status, be influenced by socioeconomic context. Objective: The goal of this study was to determine whether pubertal onset/ duration and puberty-triggering hormones luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) vary according to socioeconomic status (SES). Moreover, we aimed to propose cutoff values of serum LH and FSH for predicting gonadarche in boys. Methods: 2,657 apparently healthy children and adolescents between 5.5 and 18 years from the area of Leipzig were recruited from the LIFE Child study. Age at pubertal onset/end of puberty was given in 738/573 children, respectively. Anthropometric parameters of puberty, blood measurements of LH and FSH, and questionnaires assessing SES were evaluated. Results: Lower SES was associated with earlier thelarche and longer duration of puberty in overweight/obese girls, whereas age of menarche was not affected. In boys with low SES, a trend versus earlier puberty onset can be seen. Lower SES was significantly associated with boys’ age at mutation. No significant differences in boys’ and girls’ serum levels of LH and FSH during puberty according to SES were observed. Serum LH levels of 0.56 IU/L and serum FSH levels of 1.74 IU/L showed the best prediction of gonadarche in boys. Conclusion: Puberty onset/duration and boys’ age at mutation is affected by SES. The proposed cutoff levels for serum LH and FSH could provide a serological tool to determine gonadarche in boy

(3R,4S,5S)-4-Hydr­oxy-3-methyl-5-[(2S,3R)-3-methyl­pent-4-en-2-yl]tetra­hydro­furan-2-one

The title compound, C11H18O3, was synthesized to prove the relative configuration of the corresponding acyclic C1—C8 stereopentade. It crystallizes with two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit, which show only slight differences. The mol­ecules are linked via O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, resulting in two crystallographically independent chains of mol­ecules propagating in the a-axis direction. The absolute configuration was known from the synthesis