75 research outputs found

    Mouliets-et-Villemartin – Lacoste

    Get PDF
    Identifiant de l'opĂ©ration archĂ©ologique : 025091 Date de l'opĂ©ration : 2007 (EX) Le site de Lacoste est connu depuis 1954 et des opĂ©rations de fouille ont dĂ©jĂ  Ă©tĂ© menĂ©es Ă  proximitĂ© immĂ©diate du projet de gazoduc dĂšs la fin des annĂ©es 1960, sous la responsabilitĂ© du dĂ©couvreur, M. Sireix, et de R. Boudet ou C. Sireix. Il s’agit d’une agglomĂ©ration de l’ñge du Fer qui se dĂ©veloppe sur plusieurs hectares. Elle comprend des zones d’habitat, une nĂ©cropole, des fours de potiers. L’objectif de l’..

    Belin-BĂ©liet – Route de Suzon

    Get PDF
    Identifiant de l'opĂ©ration archĂ©ologique : 025042 Date de l'opĂ©ration : 2007 (EX) Le projet d’amĂ©nagement d’une ZAC, Ă  l’emplacement d’une ancienne scierie, est Ă  l’origine du prĂ©sent diagnostic archĂ©ologique. Une trentaine de sondages a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e. Une grande partie de la superficie n’a toutefois pas Ă©tĂ© diagnostiquĂ©e ou ne l’a Ă©tĂ© que partiellement, en raison de la prĂ©sence d’une dalle de bĂ©ton qu’il n’était pas possible de retirer Ă  la pelle mĂ©canique, ou en raison de la perturbation des..

    Mouliets-et-Villemartin – Lacoste

    Get PDF
    Identifiant de l'opĂ©ration archĂ©ologique : 025091 Date de l'opĂ©ration : 2007 (EX) Le site de Lacoste est connu depuis 1954 et des opĂ©rations de fouille ont dĂ©jĂ  Ă©tĂ© menĂ©es Ă  proximitĂ© immĂ©diate du projet de gazoduc dĂšs la fin des annĂ©es 1960, sous la responsabilitĂ© du dĂ©couvreur, M. Sireix, et de R. Boudet ou C. Sireix. Il s’agit d’une agglomĂ©ration de l’ñge du Fer qui se dĂ©veloppe sur plusieurs hectares. Elle comprend des zones d’habitat, une nĂ©cropole, des fours de potiers. L’objectif de l’..

    Soyaux – Champs des Rochers

    Get PDF
    Identifiant de l'opĂ©ration archĂ©ologique : 204766 Date de l'opĂ©ration : 2007 - 2008 (MH) Inventeur(s) : KĂ©rouanton Isabelle (INRAP) Le diagnostic prĂ©alable a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ© en septembre 2006, par E. GaltiĂ© (INRAP). Dix tranchĂ©es continues et parallĂšles ont alors Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es sur l’emprise du projet et ont permis de mettre en Ă©vidence quatre enclos circulaires ainsi qu’un niveau d’occupation antĂ©rieur. La fouille prĂ©ventive a dĂ©butĂ© le 13 aoĂ»t et s’est achevĂ© le 16 novembre 2007. À l’occasion du..

    François – Coteau du Breuil

    Get PDF
    Identifiant de l'opĂ©ration archĂ©ologique : 204753 Date de l'opĂ©ration : 2008 (SP) L’enceinte nĂ©olithique du Coteau du Breuil se situe sur la commune de François, dans le dĂ©partement des Deux-SĂšvres en Poitou-Charentes, Ă  quelques kilomĂštres au nord-est de Niort. La surface fouillĂ©e est de 6 800 m2 , rĂ©partis en quatre petites fenĂȘtres, et concerne les parcelles faisant l’objet d’un projet de lotissement. Il s’agit d’une fouille de type rural et non stratifiĂ©e. L’arrĂȘtĂ© de fouille a Ă©tĂ© Ă©mis ..

    Direct detection of Campylobacter from feces of organic and conventional pigs highlighted the presence of Campylobacter lanienae

    Get PDF
    In the frame of the CORE Organic II funded European project SafeOrganic, fecal samples from 31 organic pig herds and 31 conventional pig herds were sampled in a slaughterhouse. Samples were highly positive in Campylobacter coli but also in another Campylobacter species not described at that time in France. Identification by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and PCR 16S allowed us to confirm that 85 isolates were C. Lanienae; 56 from conventional pigs and 29 from organic pigs. Individual occurrence in Campylobacter spp. was thus re-estimated to 91.1 % (51/56) and 96.3 % (52/54) for conventional and organic pigs, respectively. A total of 55 isolates of C. Lanienae were studied for their resistance to 7 antibiotics. Only one was pansusceptible. Natural resistance to Nalidixic acid was confirmed. Resistance to Tetracycline was significantly different (p \u3c to 0,001) between the two productions: 88 % of isolates from conventional pigs were resistant against 14% of isolates from organic pigs. Moreover, isolates from conventional pigs were mostly multiresistant (73%) whereas only 5% of strains isolated in organic pigs were multiresistant. The C. lanienae isolates were typed by PFGE using KpnI and SmaI enzymes. The genetic diversity was very high, whatever the enzyme used. No link between PFGE profile and isolate origin or antibiotic resistance pattern was evidenced. This study allowed us to demonstrate for the first time in France that pigs, known to be a reservoir for C. coli may also carry in their feces a species rarely highlighted: C. lanienae. The species was present in fecal samples from conventional and organic pigs. The lower level of antibiotic resistance and multiresistance of C. Lanienae strains for organic pigs may be related to the restricted use of antibiotics in this production

    Campylobacter in organic and conventional pig production in France: antibiotic resistance, genetic diversity and virulence

    Get PDF
    Campylobacter coli strains from 56 organic and 58 conventional pig colon contents were characterized to evaluate impact of these two productions on antibiotic resistance, genetic diversity and virulence of these strains. 76.8% of organic pigs and 74.0% of conventional pigs were positive in Campylobacter. A total of 262 strains were tested for their resistance to 7 antibiotics. Significant differences were observed for 4 antibiotics (tetracycline, erythromycin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin) between the two productions with higher resistance for conventional pig Campylobacter. Multiresistance was more frequently observed for conventional pig strains (54.8%) than for organic pig strains (26.8%). Strains were typed by PFGE (262 strains) and MLST (120 strains). Genetic diversity was very high for both productions with both typing methods. Strains were distributed in 60 PFGE genotypes and in 51 Sequence Types. Ten PFGE clusters (34% of the strains) and nine ST (41.6% of the strains) were common between the two productions. Presence of 9 virulence genes was checked (120 strains) by PCR. All the strains carried the ceuE, iam, ciaB and flaA genes and more than 95% of the strains carried the cadF and cdtABC genes. The virb11 gene on plasmid was detected only for 13 organic pig strains. Capacity of adhesion and invasion of 61 strains were tested on Caco-2 cells. No link between virulence profile and strain origin was observed. However strains with the virb11 gene had higher invasive capacity. In conclusion, no impact of the type of production was observed on the genetic diversity and virulence of Campylobacter strains. The lower level of antibiotic resistance and multiresistance of C. coli strains for organic pigs may be related to the restricted use of antibiotics in this production and / or colonization of organic pigs with susceptible environmental strains

    Multiple Roles of Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxins: Pathogenicity, Superantigenic Activity, and Correlation to Antibiotic Resistance

    Get PDF
    Heat-stable enterotoxins are the most notable virulence factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus, a common pathogen associated with serious community and hospital acquired diseases. Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) cause toxic shock-like syndromes and have been implicated in food poisoning. But SEs also act as superantigens that stimulate T-cell proliferation, and a high correlation between these activities has been detected. Most of the nosocomial S. aureus infections are caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, and those resistant to quinolones or multiresistant to other antibiotics are emerging, leaving a limited choice for their control. This review focuses on these diverse roles of SE, their possible correlations and the influence in disease progression and therapy

    Blavier (1827-1896), ingénieur des Mines et président de la Commission des ArdoisiÚres d'Angers

    No full text
    AimĂ© Blavier is born in Montjean on the 21st of August 1827. As son and grandson of Mining Engineers, graduate of the École Polytechnique, he chooses the same career, and knows an evolution usual for these professionals. He attends first the Mines of Maine-et-Loire as state OfĂźcer, enter rapidly into the private sector to work in the railway Company, namely at La Compagnie de l'Ouest. After his marriage with Miss Montrieux he cornes back to Angers to lead the Commission des ArdoisiĂšres d'Angers. He follows indeed a normal career of a great engineer, and succeeds also as leading citizen : he is the son-in-law of an Angers' s Mayor, and becomes himself Mayor in the 1870' s. He is also member of the royalist committee, and achieves his political career as senator of Maine-et-Loire.AimĂ© Blavier est nĂ© Ă  Montjean le 21 aoĂ»t 1827. Fils et petit-fils d'ingĂ©nieurs des mines, polytechnicien, il choisit la mĂȘme carriĂšre puis suit un trajet frĂ©quent dans cette profession : d'abord agent de l'État au service des Mines de Maine et-Loire, il passe rapidement au privĂ© pour travailler dans les chemins de fer Ă  la Compagnie de l'Ouest. AprĂšs son mariage avec une demoiselle Montrieux, il revient Ă  Angers pour prendre la tĂȘte de la Commission des ArdoisiĂšres d'Angers. Parcours classique d'un grand ingĂ©nieur, parcours de notable Ă©galement : gendre d'un maire d'Angers, lui-mĂȘme maire dans les annĂ©es 1870, membre du comitĂ© royaliste, il achĂšve sa carriĂšre politique comme sĂ©nateur de Maine-et- Loire.KĂ©rouanton Jean-Louis. Blavier (1827-1896), ingĂ©nieur des Mines et prĂ©sident de la Commission des ArdoisiĂšres d'Angers. In: Annales de Bretagne et des pays de l'Ouest. Tome 104, numĂ©ro 3, 1997. Mines, carriĂšres et sociĂ©tĂ©s dans l'histoire de l'Ouest de la France. Textes rĂ©unis par Jean-Luc Marais, sous la direction de Jean-Luc Marais. pp. 149-156

    Effets de la réduction de la durée de la période sÚche ou de son omission sur les performances des vaches laitiÚres

    No full text
    National audienceThe milk quota policy has profoundly changed the economic context of dairy farming. Dairy farmers have now the possibility to focus more than before on factors such as ease of herd management and health conditions. As a result this idea of reducing or even omitting the dry period is attracting particular interest. This article summarizes some of the consequences of this management style. Reducing the length of the dry period below the standard 6-8 weeks decreases the amount of milk secreted in the following lactation. This decrease is about 10 % after a dry period of 1 month and slightly more than 20 % after a complete omission of the dry period. The shape of the lactation curve, however, is not modified. When the additional quantity of milk produced during the extended milking period is taken into account, the actual decrease in the volume of the milk secreted over the entire lactation is less than 5 % or slightly more than 10 % for the above conditions, respectively. A reduction in the length of the dry period increases the levels of protein and fat contents in the milk over the entire lactation period, to such an extent that their amount in the milk decrease less than the overall milk volume itself. At the end of pregnancy the milk becomes richer in components that are detrimental to its quality (free fatty acids, immunoglobulins, plasmin and plasminogen, lipase). This tendency increases as the calving date approaches. The large decrease in milk production does not seem to be accompanied, at least during the first weeks of lactation, by a reduction in the ingestive capacity of the animals. This maintained level of food intake and the reduction of milk secretion improve dramatically cows' energy balance. The cows lose less weight during early lactation, or may even not lose any weight at all, and the incidence of nutritional and metabolic disorders decreases. A reduction in the length of the dry period and certainly its omission, tend to increase the number of somatic cells in the milk, if no specific treatment is applied. It may be, although this remains to be tested, that reducing the length of the dry period will make it possible to feed modern, high milk producing cows with diets that are richer in forage than those currently in use, without inducing the usual concurrent health risks.La politique des quotas laitiers a profondĂ©ment changĂ© le contexte Ă©conomique de la production laitiĂšre, permettant aux Ă©leveurs de se prĂ©occuper davantage qu’auparavant de la facilitĂ© de conduite du troupeau et des risques sanitaires. Pour cela, la rĂ©duction de la durĂ©e de la pĂ©riode sĂšche, pouvant aller jusqu’à son omission, suscite un intĂ©rĂȘt particulier. Cet article fait le point sur les consĂ©quences de cette conduite. La rĂ©duction de la durĂ©e de la pĂ©riode sĂšche Ă  partir de la durĂ©e standard de 6 Ă  8 semaines diminue la quantitĂ© de lait sĂ©crĂ©tĂ©e au cours de la lactation suivante : d’environ 10 % pour une pĂ©riode sĂšche de 1 mois et d’un peu plus de 20 % lorsque la pĂ©riode sĂšche est omise. La forme de la courbe de lactation n’est pas modifiĂ©e. En tenant compte du lait produit en plus en fin de gestation, la rĂ©duction de quantitĂ© de lait sĂ©crĂ©tĂ©e est infĂ©rieure Ă  5 % et un peu supĂ©rieure Ă  10 %, respectivement. La rĂ©duction de la durĂ©e de la pĂ©riode sĂšche accroĂźt les teneurs du lait en protĂ©ines et en matiĂšres grasses pendant l’ensemble de la lactation, de sorte que la sĂ©crĂ©tion de matiĂšre utile est moins diminuĂ©e que celle de lait. Pendant la fin de la gestation, le lait s’enrichit aussi en constituants a priori peu favorables Ă  sa qualitĂ© (acides gras libres, immunoglobulines, plasmine et plasminogĂšne, lipase), de façon accĂ©lĂ©rĂ©e au fur et Ă  mesure que le vĂȘlage approche. La forte diminution de la production laitiĂšre ne semble pas s’accompagner, du moins au cours des premiĂšres semaines de lactation, d’une rĂ©duction de la capacitĂ© d’ingestion des animaux. Leur bilan Ă©nergĂ©tique s’amĂ©liore donc fortement : les vaches perdent moins de poids en dĂ©but de lactation ou n’en perdent pas du tout, et le nombre d’incidents d’origine nutritionnelle et mĂ©tabolique diminue. Le raccourcissement de la pĂ©riode sĂšche, et surtout son omission, tendent Ă  accroĂźtre le nombre de cellules somatiques dans le lait, du moins en l’absence actuelle de traitement sanitaire des mamelles adaptĂ© Ă  cette conduite. La rĂ©duction de la durĂ©e de la pĂ©riode sĂšche pourrait permettre -cela reste Ă  Ă©tudier- d’alimenter les vaches modernes, fortes productrices de lait, avec des rĂ©gimes plus riches en fourrages qu’ils ne le sont actuellement, sans risques sanitaires accrus
    • 

    corecore