Editorial: Disaster resilience: Building the Jigsaw

Description to be added.Cannot be left empt

Boorin talteenotto kestomagneeteista

Tiivistelmä. Boori on keskeinen raaka-aine teollisuudessa, kuten lasin ja pesuaineiden valmistuksessa sekä kemiallisissa metalliseoksissa kuten kestomagneeteissa. Neodyymi-rauta-boori kestomagneetteja (NdFeB), käytetään laajalti monissa nykyaikaisissa laitteissa, kuten kiintolevyissä, sähköajoneuvoissa ja tuulivoimaloissa. NdFeB-magneetit sisältävät booria, mikä tekee niistä mahdollisen boorin talteenoton lähteen. Boorin talteenotto kestomagneeteista on kuitenkin haastavaa magneettien monimutkaisen koostumuksen vuoksi. NdFeB-magneetit koostuvat harvinaisten maametallien, raudan ja boorin seoksesta, ja boorin erottaminen tästä seoksesta vaatii monimutkaisia tekniikoita. Yksi lähestymistapa boorin talteenottoon kestomagneeteista on hydrometallurginen käsittely. Hydrometallurgisista menetelmistä tehokkaimpia boorin talteenottoon ovat saostus ja liuotinuutto. Liuotinuutossa boori saadaan jäämään vesifaasiin, josta boori voidaan ottaa talteen erilaisin menetelmin esimerkiksi adsorptiolla, hydrotermisillä käsittelytekniikoilla tai hyödyntämällä ioninvaihtotekniikoita. Vaikka boorin talteenotosta kestomagneeteista on hyötyä, tämän prosessin toteuttamiseen suuressa mittakaavassa liittyy joitakin haasteita. Näitä ovat muun muassa boorin alhainen pitoisuus kestomagneeteissa sekä vaihtoehtoisten ja edullisempien boorilähteiden saatavuus. Boorin talteenotto kestomagneeteista on kuitenkin tärkeä tutkimus- ja kehitysalue kiertotalouden ja boorin riittävyyden näkökulmasta

Feasibility of Active Ingredient (AI) development for new biocides in the EU

Biocides usage covers a vast industrial area and the history of biocide and other antimicrobial agent usage in various forms and applications dates back centuries. While the emerging EU regulations (BPD, REACH and others) strive to increase the safety and the eco-efficiency of chemical products and production processes, such changes may also create voids in the availability of current biocides due to outphasing. The present study evaluated the need for new Active Ingredient (AI) development. The feasibility of such development was explored, and the data of economic feasibility analysis shows that, contrary to general expectations, AI development can become profitable within certain economic boundaries

Impact of copper and zinc on the growth of saprotrophic fungi and the production of extracellular enzymes

Peer reviewe

Effect of information about organic production on beef liking and consumer willingness to pay

The present study was aimed to assess the effect of information about organic production on beef liking and consumer willingness to pay. Mean scores of perceived liking were higher for organic beef (OB) as compared to conventional beef (CB). Expected liking scores were higher for OB than for CB. For OB the expected liking was significantly higher than the perceived liking expressed in blind conditions (negative disconfirmation), whereas for CB no difference was observed. Consumers completely assimilated their liking for OB in the direction of expectations. Consumers showed a willingness to pay for OB higher than the suggested price (P < 0.001), the latter corresponding to the local commercial value for organic beef. We conclude that the information about organic farming can be a major determinant of beef liking, thus providing a potential tool for meat differentiation to traditional farms

Decolorization of six synthetic dyes by fungi

To find out ability of fourteen basidiomycetes and four ascomycetes strains to grow in the presence of synthetic colour dyes and to degrade them, fungi were cultivated on the malt agar plates containing 0.5 g kg-1 dye, either Remazol Brilliant Blue R, Remazol Brilliant Yellow GL, Remazol Brilliant Orange 3 R, Reactive Blue 4, Remazol Brilliant Red F3B or Reactive Black 5. Fungi representing basidiomycetes were Phlebia radiata (FBCC 43), Tremella encephala (FBCC 1145), Dichomitus squalens (FBCC 312), Physisporinus rivulosus (syn. Obba rivulosa, FBCC 939), Cerrena unicolor (FBCC 387), Pleurotus abieticola (FBCC 517), Phanerochaete velutina (FBCC 941), Agrocybe praecox (FBCC 476), Trametes pubescens (FBCC 735), Pleurotus ostreatus (FBCC 498), Fomitopsis pinicola (FBCC 18), Postia placenta (= syn. Rhodonia placenta, FBCC 112), Gloeophyllum trabeum (FBCC 328) and Piptoporus betulinus (FBCC 1191). Ascomycetes belonged to genera Alternaria (HAMBI 3289), Epicoccum (HAMBI 3291), Fusarium (HAMBI 3292) or Chaetomium (HAMBI 3291). The growth rate of P. rivulosus belonged to three highest among the 14 tested basidiomycetes with five dyes, but not in the case of Remazol Brilliant Red F3B containing plates. The growth rate of A. praecox belonged to three lowest among the 14 tested basidiomycetes on Remazol Brilliant Blue R, Remazol Brilliant Yellow GL, Remazol Brilliant Red F3B, Reactive Black 5 and malt agar. The growth rate of Chaetomium sp. was the highest among the four ascomycetes on all tested plates. Decolorization was seen with 7 basidiomycetous strains on Remazol Brilliant Blue R, with 7 basidiomycetes on Remazol Brilliant Orange 3 R, with 8 basidiomycetes on Reactive Blue 4 and 11 basidiomycetes on Reactive Black 5 containing plates. T. encephala did not decolorize any of the tested six dyes. Epicoccum sp. and Chaetomium sp. decolorized Reactive Black 5 dye containing plates. None of the fourteen basidiomycetous or four ascomycetes were able to degrade all the tested six dyes.Peer reviewe