Healthcare professionals knowledge of autism spectrum disorders

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is a diverse group of neurodevelopmental disorders, which belongs to the most frequent child developmental problems. It characterized by different levels of functioning of persons who has this disorder, showing impaired social interaction, impaired communication, and restricted and repetitive behavior. What is more, there is likelihood of occurring other disorders. Particularity of ASD, the difficulties in diagnosing cause that the person has frequent contact with medical personnel. The patient with ASD is special patient, presenting atypical behaviors and reactions, due to the different reception of the surrounding reality. He requires from health care practitioners to adopt an individual approach and special treatment based on knowledge about the specificities of autism spectrum disorders and professional competence. The aim of a study: Determining the level of knowledge of health care professionals on autism spectrum disorders. The factors which influence on the level of their knowledge were the subject of thorough statistical analysis. In addition, the views of medical personnel on the individual treatment of autistic persons in their work and the impact of the level of knowledge declared on the treatment of ASD patients were analyzed. Material and methods: 122 health workers took part in the study in the Regional Specialist Hospital in Grudziadz: doctors, nurses / midwifes and registrants / medical secretaries. Results: The research shows that the level of knowledge of health care workers on ASD disorders is low. The best performers were doctors, then nurses/midwives and finally medical recorders/ secretaries. Despite low levels of knowledge, medical professionals do not participate in specialist courses and fewer than half of the subjects are knowledgeable about ASD. At the same time they are convinced of the need for special treatment of autistic patients, but not taking them out of que. Conclusions: Improving the knowledge of health professionals on autism spectrum disorders by increasing knowledge, attending conferences and the courses and experience of caregivers and professionals dealing with ASD patients will have a beneficial effect on the health and well-being of patients while providing health services, which will significantly improve the quality of services provided

Autism spectrum disorder in children - case study analysis

Autism belongs to the group of global neurological developmental disorders. A disturbance in the emotional and social sphere constitutes its specific symptom, together with lack of understanding of other people’s behavior, as well as communicating with them. Most autistic children isolate themselves from the outside world because of too many stimuli, which cause anxiety, fear or self-aggression. The essence is individual therapy, which generalizes and maintains the acquired knowledge and skills, makes the most of the autistic person’s potential, as well as shapes and stimulates psychomotor functions, which are usually reduced by this disorder. The aim of the work was to present the therapeutic path of a boy at different stages of his physical, motor, emotional, social and intellectual development. The functioning of the child before the therapy and the progress made after 4 years were compared. Thorough analysis shows that early therapy has a positive influence on the emotional and social development of an autistic child. To improve the functioning of an autistic child, it is necessary to introduce individual therapies, use a special organization of learning, adapt educational needs and forms of stimulation through fun. The reactions of autistic children are usually atypical in terms of behavior, however, they should not be negatively perceived from the perspective of their otherness. Everyone deserves respect and understanding, and thus society should be open to promoting knowledge about autism

Effects of health behaviours on the quality of life of patients following intervention cardiology procedures

Introduction: Diseases of the cardiovascular system are the main health problem of the population not only Polish, but also highly developed countries. Invasive treatment largely contributes to the reduction of mortality, cardiac complications and improves the quality of life of patients. Paying attention to the quality of life of people after cardiac episodes, can help to modify and achieve better therapeutic effects. The aim of a study: Assessment of the impact of health behaviours on the quality of life of patients following intervention cardiology procedures. Material and methods: The study was carried out on a group of 100 people, treated in the Department of Cardiology, the Department of Intensive Cardiac Supervision, the Hemodynamic Work of the Multidisciplinary Hospital of Ludwik Blazek in Inowroclaw. A questionnaire consisting of 22 single-choice questions was used to assess the quality of life of patients. Conclusions: 1. Close to 60% of respondents positively determines their quality of life. 2. The relationship between the effects of pro-health behaviours and quality of life has not been demonstrated. 3. The level of patient awareness of positive health behaviours is small, only a minority progresses according to their principles. 4. Unconsciousness of the health status of patients of the branch causes no reference to staff recommendations. 5. Alarming is prefering anti-health behaviour

Składniki odżywcze i ich rola w diecie sportowca = Nutrients and their role in athlete’s diet

Kalisz Zdzisława, Juraszek Karolina, Glama Ewa, Weber-Rajek Magdalena, Hoffmann Magdalena, Kalisz Justyna, Zukow Walery. Składniki odżywcze i ich rola w diecie sportowca = Nutrients and their role in athlete’s diet. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(8):522-538. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.60945http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3789   The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015).755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7© The Author (s) 2016;This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, PolandOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercialuse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.Received: 01.08.2016. Revised 08.08.2016. Accepted: 26.08.2016.  Składniki odżywcze i ich rola w diecie sportowca  Nutrients and their role in athlete’s diet Zdzisława Kalisz2, Karolina Juraszek2, 4, Ewa Glama2, Magdalena Weber-Rajek1, Magdalena Hoffmann3, Justyna Kalisz5, Walery Zukow6 1. Katedra Fizjoterapii, Zakład Podstaw Fizjoterapii, Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu2. Bydgoska Szkoła Wyższa w Bydgoszczy3. Uniwersyteckie Centrum Kliniczne w Gdańsku, Klinika Nadciśnienia Tętniczego i Diabetologii4. Centrum Onkologii im. prof. F. Łukaszczyka w Bydgoszczy, Zakład Rehabilitacji5. Szpital Uniwersytecki nr 2 im. J. Biziela w Bydgoszczy, Klinika Hematologii6. Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy   Słowa kluczowe: składniki odżywcze, dieta, sportowcy.Key words: nutrients, diet, athletes.  Streszczenie Składniki pokarmowe pełnią ważną rolę w prawidłowym funkcjonowaniu organizmu ludzkiego. Prowadzony tryb życia ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem aktywności ruchowej, ściśle wiąże się z doborem odpowiednio zbilansowanej diety. Celem badań była ocena odżywiania się sportowców danej dyscypliny sportowej. Badaniem objęto 30 piłkarzy nożnych z klubu sportowego Olimpia Grudziądz, którzy wyrazili chęć wypełnienia ankiety w okresie od marca do maja 2016 roku. Ogólna ocena żywienia piłkarzy uprawiających piłkę nożną jest zadowalająca. Badania wykazały, że piłkarze spożywają posiłek mniej niż 1 godzinę po treningu, czyli odpowiedni czas niezbędny w szybkiej regeneracji glikogenu mięśniowego. Ocena spożywania warzyw i owoców jest nie w pełni prawidłowa, ponieważ są one spożywane w różnej częstotliwości i nie są spożywane codziennie. Racjonalny sposób żywienia sportowców wymaga systematycznego dostarczania organizmowi wszystkich niezbędnych składników odżywczych w ilościach i proporcjach odpowiadających jego potrzebom, a całodzienna racja pokarmowa powinna uwzględniać pięć posiłków w ciągu dnia. Abstract             Dietary nutrients play a significant role in the normal function of the body. Life style focused on physical activity necessitates appropriately balanced diet. The goal of this study was to assess the dietary habits of a selected group of athletes. Participants of the study were 30 male football players from the Olimpia Grudziadz athletic club, who, between March and May of 2016, agreed to fill out a questionnaire pertaining to their diets. Based on the compiled data from the questionnaire, the overall diet can be considered well-balanced with minor deficiencies. Participating athletes consume a meal rich in key nutrients within an hour of their training, the optimal time necessary to replenish muscle glycogen. This study revealed, however, that the number of servings of fruit and vegetables is below the recommended daily norm, and the fruit and vegetables are not consumed daily. To maximize performance and ensure rapid recovery necessitates carefully balanced and appropriately timed diet. It is recommended that the daily dietary regimen consists of five evenly spaced meals rich in nutrients that prepare the athlete for the strenuous physical activity and replenish depleted energy stores during recovery period

Holistic approach to the treatment of cervical spine pain syndromes

AbstractSpinal pain, including the cervical spine, is currently one of  the most common causes of patient visits to physiotherapy clinics. The pursuit for material goods of modern society, stress, lack of time for physical activities and effective rest or staying most of the day in forced sitting position (at work, at home, in the car) are causes for such trends.Extremely important at the very beginning of the planning of the therapy process is the analysis of the underlying dysfunction that may have different origins. The very visual assessment of the patient's posture pattern during the first visit to the clinic provides valuable information, such as emotional state or positioning of individual body parts, which is important for the progress of therapy and the sustainability of improvement.The article presents a new perspective on the pain of the cervical spine as a disorder of the fascia, requiring tissue and emotional integration. Based on Kinesis Myofascial Integration (KMI), the anatomy trains (musculoskeletal chains), attention focuses on the essential components of cervical dysfunction therapy that may appear to be completely unrelated to the dysfunction seen only through the traditional treatment (symptomatic)

Soil sequences atlas. 2

TäistekstThis is the second book in the series of Soil Sequence Atlases. The first volume was published in 2014. Main pedogeographic features are presented in the form of sequences to give a comprehensive picture of soils - their genesis and correlations with the environment in typical landscapes of Central Europe from Estonia furthest north, through Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Germany, Czechia, Slovakia and Hungary to the southernmost Slovenia. Soils of natural landscapes - loess and sand (continental dunes) - are presented, as well as those of plains of various origin, karst lands, low mountains, and anthropically modified soils. Each chapter presents soil profiles supplemented by landscape information and basic analytical data. Then, genetic interpretations of soil properties related to soil forming agents are given as schematic catenas. When one factor changes while the others are more or less stable, the soil sequence can be recognised. Depending on the dominant soil-forming factor affecting repeated soil patterns, different types can be distinguished. Chapters are arranged roughly in accordance with the main soil-forming process in sequences, and referring to the WRB key (peat formation, vertic and gleyic process, podzolisation, humus accumulation, clay illuviation), with one small exception - the Technosols have been placed at the end of book. The main objective of this book is to present the diversity of relations between soil and landscape, climate, hydrology and human relations, and to present interpretations reflecting the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (2015) classification with comments on the choice of qualifiers. Sixteen Reference Soil Groups are featured, and represented by 67 soil profiles. The secondary objective is pedological education. One of the aims of soil science education is to explain to students the relations between landscape and soil cover. The patterns of soil units within landscapes are to some extent predictable. The collected data is intended as a useful educational tool in teaching soil science, supporting understanding of the reasons for the variability of soil cover, and also as a WRB classification guideline. The Atlas was developed as part of the EU Erasmus+ FACES project (Freely Accessible Central European Soil). Marcin Šwitoniak, Przemyslaw Charzynsk

Nanofiber-Supported Palladium NanocubesToward Highly Active and Reusable Catalyst

Electrospun nanofibers were used to support palladium nanocubes, resulting in a highly active, stable, and reusable catalyst. The system proposed herein offers significant advantages compared to catalysts in the form of nanoparticles suspension. The porous, solvent permeable structure of the nanofiber mat ensures uniform and stable time distribution of palladium nanoparticles; preventing coalescence and allowing multiple use of the catalyst. The proposed cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofiber mat loaded with Pd nanocubes during the nanofiber preparation step is a macroscopic structure of intrinsically nanostructural character of the catalyst that can be easily transferred between different solutions without compromising its effectiveness in consecutive cycles. Thus, obtained system was characterized with high catalytic activity as tested on a model example of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction by NaBH4 to 4-aminophenol (4-AP). It is shown that loading nanofibers with Pd nanocubes during electrospinning resulted in a significantly more stable system compared to surface modification of obtained nanofibers with nanocube suspension

Single-Channel Properties of the ROMK-Pore-Forming Subunit of the Mitochondrial ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel

An increased flux of potassium ions into the mitochondrial matrix through the ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mitoKATP) has been shown to provide protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Recently, it was proposed that the mitochondrial-targeted isoform of the renal outer medullary potassium channel (ROMK) protein creates a pore-forming subunit of mitoKATP in heart mitochondria. Our research focuses on the properties of mitoKATP from heart-derived H9c2 cells. For the first time, we detected single-channel activity and describe the pharmacology of mitoKATP in the H9c2 heart-derived cells. The patch-clamping of mitoplasts from wild type (WT) and cells overexpressing ROMK2 revealed the existence of a potassium channel that exhibits the same basic properties previously attributed to mitoKATP. ROMK2 overexpression resulted in a significant increase of mitoKATP activity. The conductance of both channels in symmetric 150/150 mM KCl was around 97 ± 2 pS in WT cells and 94 ± 3 pS in cells overexpressing ROMK2. The channels were inhibited by 5-hydroxydecanoic acid (a mitoKATP inhibitor) and by Tertiapin Q (an inhibitor of both the ROMK-type channels and mitoKATP). Additionally, mitoKATP from cells overexpressing ROMK2 were inhibited by ATP/Mg2+ and activated by diazoxide. We used an assay based on proteinase K to examine the topology of the channel in the inner mitochondrial membrane and found that both termini of the protein localized to the mitochondrial matrix. We conclude that the observed activity of the channel formed by the ROMK protein corresponds to the electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of mitoKATP