Las conductas problemáticas en el aula: propuesta de actuación

Partiendo de los datos aportados por las numerosas investigaciones sobre las variables que influyen en el conflicto y, en la convicción de que la prevención es la mejor intervención sobre los problemas de conducta en los centros, intentamos, con nuestro trabajo, ofrecer una técnica sencilla de aplicar en las aulas, con el fin de anticiparse a la aparición de posibles conductas conflictivas para evitar que estas se conviertan en patológicas y den lugar a conflictos manifiestos. El objetivo es ofrecer al profesorado una herramienta que facilite el cambio de hábitos disruptivos del alumnado por habilidades sociales más cooperativas y de participación.Talking into account the information taken from the numerous investigations on the variables that influence the conflict and the certainty that prevention is the best intervention on the problems of behaviour in the centers, we try, with our work, to offer a easy technique to apply in the classrooms in order to be foresee the manifestation of possible problematique behaviours to prevent them to turn into pathological and produce evident conflicts. The aim is to offer the teachers a tool that facilitates the change of disruptive habits of the student body towards more cooperative and participative social skills

Advantages of using virtual learning environments from the perspective of students and families

Introducción: Este estudio investigó los efectos del diseño de entornos personales de aprendizaje en la superación de la desmotivación discente. Método: Con la finalidad de describir las ventajas en la utilización de los entornos personales de aprendizaje de los participantes respecto a sus propias vivencias de aprendizaje, se utiliza una metodología de estudio de caso evaluativo de orientación etnográfica y como técnica el análisis de contenido de la información recogida de los grupos de discusión con el profesorado, alumnado y padres implicados en la experiencia. Resultados: La utilización de los entornos personales de aprendizaje tiene ventajas para la motivación y el rendimiento docente del alumnado pero se evidencian algunas problemáticas en la implementación del proceso de innovación. Conclusiones: Señalan que es un enfoque pedagógico potencialmente prometedor para integrar tanto el aprendizaje formal e informal utilizando los medios sociales y el apoyo al aprendizaje autorregulado de los estudiantes y ponen de relieve su facilidad de uso.Introduction: This study investigated the effects that the design of personal learning environments has in overcoming student´s lack of motivation. Method: The methodology used was the case study with an ethnographic orientation approach. This methodology allowed to describe the advantages of using the participants personal learning environments regarding their own learning experiences. The technique employed to conduct the study was the analysis of the content of the information that had been collected in group discussion exercises made with teachers, students and parents who got involved in the experience. Results: Using personal learning environments has advantages for student’s motivation and student´s performance. However, there are some evident problems with the implementation of the innovation process. Conclusions: This pedagogical approach represents promising advances in the integration of both formal and informal learning. Furthermore, the use of social media and the support of self-regulated learning highlight the usability of the approach.peerReviewe

Mitochondrial DNA signatures at different spatial scales: from the effects of the Straits of Gibraltar to population structure in the meridional serotine bat (Eptesicus isabellinus)

The meridional serotine bat Eptesicus isabellinus is found in North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula. We analyzed the genetic structure of E. isabellinus at two different geographic scales to reveal the historical and ecological patterns that have shaped its populations. The role of the Straits of Gibraltar as an isolating barrier between African and Iberian populations is evaluated and the degree of genetic structure and female-mediated gene flow was assessed at a local scale between neighboring colonies. Populations of E. isabellinus from Iberia and northern Morocco show little genetic divergence and share mtDNA haplotypes, indicating that the Straits of Gibraltar are neither an impediment to dispersal nor a cause of genetic differentiation. Our results also suggest that E. isabellinus may have dispersed from western Andalusia into northern Morocco after the last glacial period. At a smaller geographic scale, the colonies studied showed high variation in genetic variability and structure, indicating that no female-mediated gene flow is present. This pattern is consistent with a described pattern of independent endemic viral circulation of the bat rabies virus EBLV-1, which was found when studying rabies dynamics in the same serotine bat coloniesPeer reviewe

Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of the effect of the mean energy and FWHM of the initial electron fluence on the Bremsstrahlung photon spectra of linear accelerators

A calculation of the correct dose in radiation therapy requires an accurate description of the radiation source because uncertainties in characterization of the linac photon spectrum are propagated through the dose calculations. Unfortunately, detailed knowledge of the initial electron beam parameters is not readily available, and many researchers adjust the initial electron fluence values by trial-and-error methods. The main goal of this work was to develop a methodology to characterize the fluence of initial electrons before they hit the tungsten target of an Elekta Precise medical linear accelerator. To this end, we used a Monte Carlo technique to analyze the influence of the characteristics of the initial electron beam on the distribution of absorbed dose from a 6 MV linac photon beam in a water phantom. The technique is based on calculations with Software for Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis (SUSA) and Monte Carlo simulations with the MCNP5 transport code. The free parameters used in the SUSA calculations were the mean energy and full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of the initial electron distribution. A total of 93 combinations of these parameters gave initial electron fluence configurations. The electron spectra thus obtained were used in a simulation of the electron transport through the target of the linear accelerator, which produced different photon (Bremsstrahlung) spectra. The simulated photon spectra were compared with the 6-MV photon spectrum provided by the linac manufacturer (Elekta). This comparison revealed how the mean energy and FWHM of the initial electron fluence affect the spectrum of the generated photons. This study has made it possible to fine-tune the examined electron beam parameters to obtain the resulted absorbed doses with acceptable accuracy (error < 1%). (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Juste Vidal, BJ.; Miró Herrero, R.; Verdú Martín, GJ.; Macian, R. (2012). Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of the effect of the mean energy and FWHM of the initial electron fluence on the Bremsstrahlung photon spectra of linear accelerators. Applied Radiation and Isotopes. 70(7):1267-1271. doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.03.040S1267127170

Media, actors of references and power in Paraguay

Introducción. Con la presente investigación se pretende abordar la dinámica política proyectada en los medios de prensa durante el proceso electoral y político de Paraguay en 2013. Metodología. La base empírica utilizada son referencias de nombres incluidas en las noticias de prensa, que fueron analizadas por medio del análisis de redes sociales. Resultados. Se presentan grafos de nombres de actores donde se observa la dinámica referencial en una campaña política que viene precedida y condicionada por la destitución del anterior presidente de la República Fernando Lugo. Conclusiones. El estudio de referencias nominales permite evidenciar la existencia de una continuidad de los partidos tradicionales en Paraguay como instituciones de valor político y mediático, dejando en un papel secundario a actores que emergieron con la llegada de Fernando Lugo al poderIntroduction. This research study aims to empirically address the political dynamics reflected on Paraguay's print press during the 2013 elections campaign. Method. This empirical study is based on the social network analysis of the name references included in a sample of news articles. Results. The results of the study include several graphical representations of the coverage of political actors during the 2013 elections campaign, which was strongly conditioned by the previous impeachment and removal of former President Fernando Lugo. Conclusions. This study of name references confirms the continuity of the traditional parties in Paraguay as institutions with political and media power, and the secondary and peripheral role of the actors that emerged in the political landscape when Fernando Lugo won the presidency of Paraguay.Fil: Juste de Ancos, R.. Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar; EcuadorFil: Soler, Lorena Marina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ortí Mata, M.. Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Españ

R^2 Dark Matter

There is a non-trivial four-derivative extension of the gravitational spectrum that is free of ghosts and phenomenologically viable. It is the so called $R^2$-gravity since it is defined by the only addition of a term proportional to the square of the scalar curvature. Just the presence of this term does not improve the ultraviolet behaviour of Einstein gravity but introduces one additional scalar degree of freedom that can account for the dark matter of our Universe.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, to appear in the Proceedings of the sixth International Workshop on the Dark Side of the Universe (DSU2010) Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico 1-6 June 201

Utilización del agua caliente residual de la central térmica de Castellón para el calentamiento del suelo en invernaderos

En este trabajo se ha estudiado el aprovechamiento agrícola del agua caliente residual procedente de la Central Térmica de Castellón. El calentamiento del suelo se realiza mediante un sistema de tuberías enterradas por las que circula el agua caliente y sus efectos se han medido sobre la precocidad y producción de algunos cultivos hortícolas. Además de estos efectos sobre el cultivo se ha estudiado la transmisión de calor en el suelo con tuberías enterradas y superficiales y la influencia de la temperatura del agua, caudal y distribución de tubos. Los resultados obtenidos sobre tomate y fresas indican un adelanto en la producción de fresas de unos 20 días y un aumento del desarrollo y producción en ambos cultivos de un 20-30%. Para el estudio de la transmisión de calor en el suelo se han desarrollado dos modelos teóricos y comprobado sus resultados con los datos experimentales obtenidos en unas bancadas de suel

Probing Electroweak Top Quark Couplings at Hadron Colliders

We consider QCD t\bar{t}\gamma and t\bar{t}Z production at hadron colliders as a tool to measure the tt\gamma and ttZ couplings. At the Tevatron it may be possible to perform a first, albeit not very precise, test of the tt\gamma vector and axial vector couplings in t\bar{t}\gamma production, provided that more than 5 fb^{-1} of integrated luminosity are accumulated. The t\bar{t}Z cross section at the Tevatron is too small to be observable. At the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) it will be possible to probe the tt\gamma couplings at the few percent level, which approaches the precision which one hopes to achieve with a next-generation e^+e^- linear collider. The LHC's capability of associated QCD t\bar{t}V (V=\gamma, Z) production has the added advantage that the tt\gamma and ttZ couplings are not entangled. For an integrated luminosity of 300 fb^{-1}, the ttZ vector (axial vector) coupling can be determined with an uncertainty of 45-85% (15-20%), whereas the dimension-five dipole form factors can be measured with a precision of 50-55%. The achievable limits improve typically by a factor of 2-3 for the luminosity-upgraded (3 ab^{-1}) LHC.Comment: Revtex3, 30 pages, 9 Figures, 6 Table