Clinical Utility of microRNAs in Exhaled Breath Condensate as Biomarkers for Lung Cancer.

This study represents a novel proof of concept of the clinical utility of miRNAs from exhaled breath condensate (EBC) as biomarkers of lung cancer (LC). Genome-wide miRNA profiling and machine learning analysis were performed on EBC from 21 healthy volunteers and 21 LC patients. The levels of 12 miRNAs were significantly altered in EBC from LC patients where a specific signature of miR-4507, miR-6777-5p and miR-451a distinguished these patients with high accuracy. Besides, a distinctive miRNA profile between LC adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma was observed, where a combined panel of miR-4529-3p, miR-8075 and miR-7704 enabling discrimination between them. EBC levels of miR-6777-5p, 6780a-5p and miR-877-5p predicted clinical outcome at 500 days. Two additional miRNA signatures were also associated with other clinical features such as stage and invasion status. Dysregulated EBC miRNAs showed potential target genes related to LC pathogenesis, including CDKN2B, PTEN, TP53, BCL2, KRAS and EGFR. We conclude that EBC miRNAs might allow the identification, stratification and monitorization of LC, which could lead to the development of precision medicine in this and other respiratory diseases

Retinal and Choroidal Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure as Treatment for Sleep Apnea: Results at 12 Months

Background: To determine the impacts of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on retinal and choroidal thickness measurement in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: Participants were 28 patients with OSA treated with CPAP who were enrolled immediately after diagnosis and graded according to the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) determined in an overnight polysomnography. Inclusion criteria were a new diagnosis of OSA and an indication for CPAP. Participants underwent a full ophthalmologic examination including standard automated perimetry (SAP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) at the levels peripapillary, macular, and choroidal before CPAP onset, and after three and twelve months of CPAP. The data compared before and after treatment were intraocular pressure, SAP, and the thicknesses peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), total retinal (TR), retinal ganglion cell layer (RGCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), photoreceptor layer (PL), and choroidal. Results: After 3 months of CPAP, we observed thickening of the pRNFL (in 5/6 subfields) (p < 0.004) and TR (in 5/9 subfields) (p < 0.010). At 12 months, thickening persisted in these layers, this time affecting 2/6 and 2/9 subfields, respectively (p < 0.012 and p < 0.001, respectively). Choroidal thinning was observed at the temporal level at both 3 and 12 months compared to measurements before starting CPAP treatment (p = 0.014 and p = 0.038, respectively). SAP remained unchanged. Intraocular pressure was higher at 12 months than at 3 months (p = 0.001). Conclusions: 12 months of CPAP avoids retinal thinning and normalizes choroidal thickness in OSA patients

Effect of a Graduated Walking Program on the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common disease. The objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of a graduated walking program in reducing the apnea–hypopnea index number in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial with a two-arm parallel in three tertiary hospitals was carried out with seventy sedentary patients with moderate to severe OSAS. Twenty-nine subjects in each arm were analyzed by protocol. The control group received usual care, while usual care and an exercise program based on progressive walks without direct supervision for 6 months were offered to the intervention group. Results: The apnea–hypopnea index decreased by six points in the intervention group, and improvements in oxygen desaturation index, total cholesterol, and Low-Density Lipoprotein of Cholesterol (LDL-c) were observed. A higher decrease in sleep apnea–hypopnea index (45 ± 20.6 vs. 34 ± 26.3/h; p = 0.002) was found in patients with severe vs. moderate OSAS, as well as in oxygen desaturation index from baseline values (43.3 vs. 34.3/h; p = 0.046). Besides, High-Density Lipoprotein of Cholesterol (HDL-c) values showed a higher increase in the intervention group (45.3 vs. 49.5 mg/dL; p = 0.009) and also, a higher decrease in LDL-c was found in this group (141.2 vs. 127.5 mg/dL; p = 0.038). Conclusion: A home physical exercise program is a useful and viable therapeutic measure for the management of OSAS

Aproximación Proteómica al síndrome de apneas-hipopneas del sueño

Comunicaciones a congreso

Efectos del Síndrome de Apneas- Hipopneas del Sueño sobre la calidad de vida y la somnolencia diurna

The objective of this research was to evaluate quality of life and impact of daytime sleepiness in patients with Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea Syndrome (SAHS). 100 subjects were included: 50 patients with OSAS and 50 healthy subjects, who responded to the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36), the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The comparison between clinical and control group showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in most of the variables studied. The results found that body mass index, apnea-hypopnea index and desaturation index were the most important affecting factors. This study shows the great impact OSAS has on the quality of life of patients.El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar en pacientes con Síndrome de Apneas-Hipopneas del Sueño (SAHS), la calidad de vida y el impacto de la somnolencia diurna. Se incluyeron 100 sujetos (50 pacientes con SAHS y 50 sujetos sanos) que respondieron al Cuestionario de Salud (SF-36), Cuestionario de Impacto Funcional del Sueño (FOSQ) y a la Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth (ESE). Respecto al grupo control, el grupo clínico mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0.05) en la mayoría de las variables estudiadas. Los factores más influyentes fueron el índice de masa corporal, el índice de apneas-hipopneas y el índice de desaturación. Este estudio demuestra la importante repercusión que el SAHS tiene en la calidad de vida de los pacientes

Reply to La Marca et al. Comment on “Naranjo-Bonilla et al. Retinal and Choroidal Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure as Treatment for Sleep Apnea: Results at 12 Months. <i>Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health</i> 2022, <i>19</i>, 12637”

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Efectos del Síndrome de Apneas- Hipopneas del Sueño sobre la calidad de vida y la somnolencia diurna

The objective of this research was to evaluate quality of life and impact of daytime sleepiness in patients with Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea Syndrome (SAHS). 100 subjects were included: 50 patients with OSAS and 50 healthy subjects, who responded to the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36), the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The comparison between clinical and control group showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in most of the variables studied. The results found that body mass index, apnea-hypopnea index and desaturation index were the most important affecting factors. This study shows the great impact OSAS has on the quality of life of patients.El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar en pacientes con Síndrome de Apneas-Hipopneas del Sueño (SAHS), la calidad de vida y el impacto de la somnolencia diurna. Se incluyeron 100 sujetos (50 pacientes con SAHS y 50 sujetos sanos) que respondieron al Cuestionario de Salud (SF-36), Cuestionario de Impacto Funcional del Sueño (FOSQ) y a la Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth (ESE). Respecto al grupo control, el grupo clínico mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0.05) en la mayoría de las variables estudiadas. Los factores más influyentes fueron el índice de masa corporal, el índice de apneas-hipopneas y el índice de desaturación. Este estudio demuestra la importante repercusión que el SAHS tiene en la calidad de vida de los pacientes

Boletín TR-UCO. Patentes, n. 13

La presente invención se encuentra dentro del campo de la Biología Molecular y la Medicina. Específicamente, se refiere a un método de obtención de datos útiles para la clasificación, diagnóstico y seguimiento del cáncer de pulmón mediante el análisis de los biomarcadores, especialmente la fenilalanina, ácido nonanedioico, ácido subérico, MG (22:2) y maltotetraosa en una muestra biológica, preferiblemente sudor

Human sweat metabolomics for lung cancer screening

Sweat is one of the less employed biofluids for discovery of markers in spite of its increased application in medicine for detection of drugs or for diagnostic of cystic fibrosis. In this research, human sweat was used as clinical sample to develop a screening tool for lung cancer, which is the carcinogenic disease with the highest mortality rate owing to the advanced stage at which it is usually detected. In this context, a method based on the metabolite analysis of sweat to discriminate between patients with lung cancer versus smokers as control individuals is proposed. The capability of the metabolites identified in sweat to discriminate between both groups of individuals was studied and, among them, a trisaccharide phosphate presented the best independent performance in terms of the specificity/sensitivity pair (80 and 72.7%, respectively). Additionally, two panels of metabolites were configured using the PanelomiX tool as an attempt to reduce false negatives (at least 80% specificity) and false positives (at least 80% sensitivity). The first panel (80% specificity and 69% sensitivity) was composed by suberic acid, a tetrahexose, and a trihexose, while the second panel (69% specificity and 80% sensitivity) included nonanedioic acid, a trihexose, and the monoglyceride MG(22:2). Thus, the combination of the five metabolites led to a single panel providing 80% specificity and 79% sensitivity, reducing the false positive and negative rates to almost 20%. The method was validated by estimation of within-day and between-days variability of the quantitative analysis of the five metabolites