At the edge and on the top: molecular identification and ecology of Daphnia dentifera and D. longispina in high-altitude Asian lakes

The occurrence of members of the highly diverse Daphnia longispina complex in Southern and Central Asian high-mountain lakes has been recognized for more than a century. Until now, however, no molecular data have been available for these populations inhabiting the "Roof of the World.” Here, we present the first identification for D. gr. longispina from that region based on a molecular phylogeny. Our findings show that alpine lakes in the Pamir and Himalaya mountains host populations of widespread species of the complex, for which these are the highest known localities. A spineless morph from the Himalaya region, previously labeled as D. longispina var. aspina, was clustering tightly with D. dentifera, while a population from the Pamir mountain range was grouped with D. longispina. In addition, we analyzed ecological data available for lakes in the Khumbu region (Himalaya) to investigate ecological preferences of non-pigmented D. gr. longispina. The identified factors can at least partly be related to avoidance of high UV conditions by this species. We conclude that the widespread species D. dentifera and D. longispina also colonized the Asian high-mountain lakes, and identify the need for further research to trace the possible effect of rapid environmental changes in this region on the diversity and ecology of high-altitude Daphnia population

The effect of installing driving cars on the railway traffic technology

V této bakalářské práce je zpracována problematika týkající se železničních řídících vozů od jejich prvopočátku až po současnost. V této práci je zpracována analýza především řídících vozů, které jsou provozovány v České republice, ale také několik příkladů řídících vozů zahraničních. Zároveň je zde popsán pohled do poměrně krátké historie řídících vozů. Dále se v této práci nachází porovnání železničních souprav s řídícími vozy s klasickými železničními soupravami pouze s lokomotivou a vozy.In this bachelor thesis are studied problems concerning the management of railway vehicles from its earliest beginnings to the present. In this is the analysis primarily driving cars that are operated in the Czech Republic but also several examples of foreign driving cars. There is also described the sight into the relatively short history of driving cars. There are comparsion between trains with driving cars and conventional trains only with locomotive and wagons.Dopravní fakulta Jana Perner

Regionální a lokální procesy ovlivňující strukturu zooplanktonních společenstev malých vodních ploch

Department of EcologyKatedra ekologieFaculty of SciencePřírodovědecká fakult

Freshwater fishless pools: from the metacommunties to the systematics

Freshwater fishless pools: from the metacommunities to the systematics Petr Jan Juračka, Ph.D. Thesis, 2016-04-08 ABSTRACT Despite their small size, freshwater fishless pools often contain complex communities and substantially increase regional invertebrate and macrophyte biodiversity. The main core of this thesis originates from such habitats, which were newly created for the conservation purposes in the Protected Landscape Area Kokořínsko, Czech Republic. This landscape consists of deep valleys separated by steep sandstone ridges and is characteristic for very sparse stream network and low number of large water habitats, which consequents in generally low abundance of waterfowl. We studied microcrustacean metacommunities of 42 selected pools scattered over the area of approximately 220 km2 . Using variation partitioning of the species composition, analyses of the species richness and colonization experiment in the study area, we identified that spatial distribution of the habitats and number of neighbouring aquatic habitats play a major role in assembly of local communities. This led us to the conclusion that the landscape heterogeneity served as a partial barrier to dispersal of microcrustaceans. Subsequently, we compared this pattern of the microcrustacean metacommunity with other invertebrates of..

Freshwater fishless pools: from the metacommunties to the systematics

Freshwater fishless pools: from the metacommunities to the systematics Petr Jan Juračka, Ph.D. Thesis, 2016-04-08 ABSTRACT Despite their small size, freshwater fishless pools often contain complex communities and substantially increase regional invertebrate and macrophyte biodiversity. The main core of this thesis originates from such habitats, which were newly created for the conservation purposes in the Protected Landscape Area Kokořínsko, Czech Republic. This landscape consists of deep valleys separated by steep sandstone ridges and is characteristic for very sparse stream network and low number of large water habitats, which consequents in generally low abundance of waterfowl. We studied microcrustacean metacommunities of 42 selected pools scattered over the area of approximately 220 km2 . Using variation partitioning of the species composition, analyses of the species richness and colonization experiment in the study area, we identified that spatial distribution of the habitats and number of neighbouring aquatic habitats play a major role in assembly of local communities. This led us to the conclusion that the landscape heterogeneity served as a partial barrier to dispersal of microcrustaceans. Subsequently, we compared this pattern of the microcrustacean metacommunity with other invertebrates of..

Freshwater fishless pools: from the metacommunties to the systematics

Freshwater fishless pools: from the metacommunities to the systematics Petr Jan Juračka, Ph.D. Thesis, 2016-04-08 ABSTRACT Despite their small size, freshwater fishless pools often contain complex communities and substantially increase regional invertebrate and macrophyte biodiversity. The main core of this thesis originates from such habitats, which were newly created for the conservation purposes in the Protected Landscape Area Kokořínsko, Czech Republic. This landscape consists of deep valleys separated by steep sandstone ridges and is characteristic for very sparse stream network and low number of large water habitats, which consequents in generally low abundance of waterfowl. We studied microcrustacean metacommunities of 42 selected pools scattered over the area of approximately 220 km2 . Using variation partitioning of the species composition, analyses of the species richness and colonization experiment in the study area, we identified that spatial distribution of the habitats and number of neighbouring aquatic habitats play a major role in assembly of local communities. This led us to the conclusion that the landscape heterogeneity served as a partial barrier to dispersal of microcrustaceans. Subsequently, we compared this pattern of the microcrustacean metacommunity with other invertebrates of..

Sladkovodní tůně bez ryb: od metaspolečenstev po systematiku

Freshwater fishless pools: from the metacommunities to the systematics Petr Jan Juračka, Ph.D. Thesis, 2016-04-08 ABSTRAKT (in Czech) Sladkovodní tůně bez ryb mohou významně přispívat ke zvyšování regionálního druhového bohatství bezobratlých živočichů i cévnatých rostlin, neboť mnohdy i přes jejich spíše drobnou velikost obsahují značně složitá společenstva. Podstatná část této dizertační práce pramení právě z takových tůní, které byly pro účely ochrany přírody nově vytvořeny v rámci Chráněné krajinné oblasti Kokořínsko, známé svými hlubokými údolími a pískovcovými skalami. V kraji je rovněž velmi málo tekoucích vod či větších vodních ploch, následně je zde tedy i poměrně málo vodního ptactva, jež zásadně přispívá k šíření vodních organismů. V rámci této práce jsme se zaměřili na metaspolečenstva drobných korýšů vybraných 42 tůní z oblasti zhruba 220 km2 . Pomocí dekompozice variability druhového složení, analýzy druhového bohatství a kolonizačního pokusu přímo ve studované oblasti jsme zjistili, že prostorové uspořádání a množství okolních dalších vodních habitatů hrají hlavní roli v uspořádávání jednotlivých společenstev korýšů. To nás vedlo k závěru, že zdejší krajinná rozmanitost funguje jako omezení pro šíření korýšů mezi tůněmi. Následně jsme se rozhodli porovnat tyto výsledky s jinými bezobratlými...Freshwater fishless pools: from the metacommunities to the systematics Petr Jan Juračka, Ph.D. Thesis, 2016-04-08 ABSTRACT Despite their small size, freshwater fishless pools often contain complex communities and substantially increase regional invertebrate and macrophyte biodiversity. The main core of this thesis originates from such habitats, which were newly created for the conservation purposes in the Protected Landscape Area Kokořínsko, Czech Republic. This landscape consists of deep valleys separated by steep sandstone ridges and is characteristic for very sparse stream network and low number of large water habitats, which consequents in generally low abundance of waterfowl. We studied microcrustacean metacommunities of 42 selected pools scattered over the area of approximately 220 km2 . Using variation partitioning of the species composition, analyses of the species richness and colonization experiment in the study area, we identified that spatial distribution of the habitats and number of neighbouring aquatic habitats play a major role in assembly of local communities. This led us to the conclusion that the landscape heterogeneity served as a partial barrier to dispersal of microcrustaceans. Subsequently, we compared this pattern of the microcrustacean metacommunity with other invertebrates of...Katedra ekologieDepartment of EcologyFaculty of SciencePřírodovědecká fakult

Freshwater fishless pools: from the metacommunties to the systematics

Freshwater fishless pools: from the metacommunities to the systematics Petr Jan Juračka, Ph.D. Thesis, 2016-04-08 ABSTRACT Despite their small size, freshwater fishless pools often contain complex communities and substantially increase regional invertebrate and macrophyte biodiversity. The main core of this thesis originates from such habitats, which were newly created for the conservation purposes in the Protected Landscape Area Kokořínsko, Czech Republic. This landscape consists of deep valleys separated by steep sandstone ridges and is characteristic for very sparse stream network and low number of large water habitats, which consequents in generally low abundance of waterfowl. We studied microcrustacean metacommunities of 42 selected pools scattered over the area of approximately 220 km2 . Using variation partitioning of the species composition, analyses of the species richness and colonization experiment in the study area, we identified that spatial distribution of the habitats and number of neighbouring aquatic habitats play a major role in assembly of local communities. This led us to the conclusion that the landscape heterogeneity served as a partial barrier to dispersal of microcrustaceans. Subsequently, we compared this pattern of the microcrustacean metacommunity with other invertebrates of..

Sladkovodní tůně bez ryb: od metaspolečenstev po systematiku

Freshwater fishless pools: from the metacommunities to the systematics Petr Jan Juračka, Ph.D. Thesis, 2016-04-08 ABSTRACT Despite their small size, freshwater fishless pools often contain complex communities and substantially increase regional invertebrate and macrophyte biodiversity. The main core of this thesis originates from such habitats, which were newly created for the conservation purposes in the Protected Landscape Area Kokořínsko, Czech Republic. This landscape consists of deep valleys separated by steep sandstone ridges and is characteristic for very sparse stream network and low number of large water habitats, which consequents in generally low abundance of waterfowl. We studied microcrustacean metacommunities of 42 selected pools scattered over the area of approximately 220 km2 . Using variation partitioning of the species composition, analyses of the species richness and colonization experiment in the study area, we identified that spatial distribution of the habitats and number of neighbouring aquatic habitats play a major role in assembly of local communities. This led us to the conclusion that the landscape heterogeneity served as a partial barrier to dispersal of microcrustaceans. Subsequently, we compared this pattern of the microcrustacean metacommunity with other invertebrates of...Freshwater fishless pools: from the metacommunities to the systematics Petr Jan Juračka, Ph.D. Thesis, 2016-04-08 ABSTRAKT (in Czech) Sladkovodní tůně bez ryb mohou významně přispívat ke zvyšování regionálního druhového bohatství bezobratlých živočichů i cévnatých rostlin, neboť mnohdy i přes jejich spíše drobnou velikost obsahují značně složitá společenstva. Podstatná část této dizertační práce pramení právě z takových tůní, které byly pro účely ochrany přírody nově vytvořeny v rámci Chráněné krajinné oblasti Kokořínsko, známé svými hlubokými údolími a pískovcovými skalami. V kraji je rovněž velmi málo tekoucích vod či větších vodních ploch, následně je zde tedy i poměrně málo vodního ptactva, jež zásadně přispívá k šíření vodních organismů. V rámci této práce jsme se zaměřili na metaspolečenstva drobných korýšů vybraných 42 tůní z oblasti zhruba 220 km2 . Pomocí dekompozice variability druhového složení, analýzy druhového bohatství a kolonizačního pokusu přímo ve studované oblasti jsme zjistili, že prostorové uspořádání a množství okolních dalších vodních habitatů hrají hlavní roli v uspořádávání jednotlivých společenstev korýšů. To nás vedlo k závěru, že zdejší krajinná rozmanitost funguje jako omezení pro šíření korýšů mezi tůněmi. Následně jsme se rozhodli porovnat tyto výsledky s jinými bezobratlými...Department of EcologyKatedra ekologieFaculty of SciencePřírodovědecká fakult

A new species of Bosmina (Liederobosmina) Brték, 1997 (Cladocera: Bosminidae) from high mountain lakes of Colombia

Garibian, Petr G., Juračka, Petr Jan, Kotov, Alexey A. (2021): A new species of Bosmina (Liederobosmina) Brték, 1997 (Cladocera: Bosminidae) from high mountain lakes of Colombia. Zootaxa 4990 (2): 280-290, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4990.2.