Genetic analysis of muscle development in Drosophila melanogaster

The different thoracic muscles of Drosophila are affected specifically in the mutants: stripe (sr), erect wing (ewg), vertical wings (vtw), and nonjumper (nj). We have tested the extent of this specificity by means of a genetic analysis of these loci, multiple mutant combinations, and gene dosage experiments. A quantitative, rather than a qualitative, specificity is found in the mutant phenotypes. All muscles are altered by mutations in any given gene, but the severity of these alterations is muscle specific. The locus stripe seems to have a polar organization where different allelic combinations show quantitative specificity in the muscle affected. In addition to the muscle phenotypes, neural alterations are detected in these mutants. The synergism found between ewg, vtw and ewg, sr as well as the dosage effect of the distal end of the X chromosome upon the expression of ewg and sr suggests the existence of functional relationships among the loci analyzed.Peer Reviewe

Advanced CO2 Capture Process Using MEA Scrubbing: Configuration of a Split Flow and Phase Separation Heat Exchanger

AbstractCO2 capture process using aqueous Monoethanolamine (MEA) scrubbing is a well-proven and commercially-ready technology for reducing CO2 emission to the atmosphere. Although the MEA scrubbing is the one of the most suitable technologies for post-combustion CO2 capture, the MEA process has a critical problem which is high consumption of reboiler heat energy for solvent regeneration. In order to reduce the reboiler heat requirement, this paper suggests an advanced configuration of MEA process which consists of split flow and a phase separation heat exchanger. The split flow permits to reduce the reflux ratio in the stripper and the phase separation heat exchanger permits to alleviate preheating duty loss. As a result, the regeneration energy of the advanced process is reduced by 2.84GJ/ton CO2, which is lower than one of the reference process by 27%.CO2 capture; post combustion CO2 capture; advanced stripper configuration; cold solvent split; rich vapor compressio

Dimensional Stability of SBR-Modified Cementitious Mixtures for Use in 3D Additive Construction

This study experimentally investigated the dimensional stability of SBR (styrene butadiene rubber)-modified cementitious mixtures in order to determine whether their properties are sustainable as a 3D additive construction material. Dimensional stability refers to resistance to material deformation caused by changes in internal relative humidity and temperature. Hence, drying and thermal shrinkage, which are the primary factors affecting dimensional stability, were tested. The mixing ratio of SBR-modified cementitious mixtures was determined based on a predetermined optimal flow of 70% ± 1% applicable for 3D additive construction applications. The results of this study showed that the elastic modulus, and drying shrinkage strain, excluding the coefficient of thermal expansion, all significantly improved as the SBR/cement ratio increased. In particular, drying shrinkage can be a disadvantage in 3D additive construction because drying in the printed mixtures is rapid due to the large specific exposure area of moldless construction. Consequently, mitigating drying shrinkage is very important. The elastic modulus, drying shrinkage, and coefficient of thermal expansion were all found to be associated with the dimensional stability obtained in this study. It was concluded that using SBR-modified cementitious mixtures was advantageous in terms of dimensional stability

Systematic Regeneration of Waste Sulfuric Acid in Semiconductor Manufacturing Using Batch Vacuum Distillation

We describe herein a systematic regeneration of waste sulfuric acid produced in semiconductor manufacturing, using batch vacuum distillation (BVD). During the recycling process, dilute sulfuric acid feed was continuously concentrated and fed back to the original wafer washing step. It consisted of a batch tank to charge the feed solution, condenser to capture generated vapor, receiving tank to receive condensed distillate liquid, and vacuum pump to reduce the system pressure. The improper control of the vacuum operation led to incomplete condensation; consequently, the vacuum pump became dysfunctional. The goal of this study was to prevent such mishap. After the feed condition was defined, a basic design was conceived, and the main characteristics of the BVD were determined. The results of sensitivity analyses on the feed and operating conditions have been discussed. The strategies for designing the vacuum pump’s capacity should be changed depending on phase equilibria at the target pressure