Evaluation of adherence to treatment by patients seen in a psychosocial care center in northeastern Brazil

No tratamento de desordens mentais, a não-adesão ao tratamento ocorre em cerca de 50% dos casos e é responsável por inúmeros prejuízos, além de ser a principal causa de morbidade psiquiátrica. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso de pacientes atendidos em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) no Nordeste do Brasil. A avaliação da adesão ao tratamento foi feita através dos testes de Haynes-Sackett e Morisky-Green-Levine. Todos os pacientes cadastrados no CAPS foram incluídos no estudo (n = 101). Observou-se que apenas 11,88% dos pacientes aderiram ao tratamento medicamentoso. As principais razões para o não uso dos medicamentos foram: esquecimento (68,83%), sentir-se mal após a ingestão de medicamentos (54,22%), não ter dinheiro para comprar medicamentos (43,83%), não encontrar os medicamentos no serviço público de saúde (39,94%) e medo dos danos causados pelos medicamentos (28,90%). Além disso, observou-se que 85,1% dos pacientes não conheciam suas doenças, 88,1% não conheciam seus tratamentos, 86,4% não se sentiam bem quando usavam medicamentos e 88,1% usavam os medicamentos incorretamente. Os resultados demonstram que a falta de informação sobre doenças e medicamentos, os danos decorrentes da terapia medicamentosa e o baixo acesso aos medicamentos comprometem a adesão ao tratamento e, consequentemente, a eficácia do tratamento.In the treatment of mental disorders, nonadherence to medication, the main cause of psychiatric morbidity, is observed in about 50% of the cases and is responsible for numerous losses. This study evaluated adherence to drug treatment by patients seen in a Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS) in northeastern Brazil. Adherence to treatment was evaluated using the Haynes-Sackett and Morisky-Green-Levine tests. All patients registered in the CAPS were included in the study (n= 101). Only 11.88% of the patients adhered to drug treatment. The main reasons not to use medication were: oblivion (68.83%), feeling unwell after taking the medication (54.22%), not having money to buy the medication (43.83%), not finding the medication in the public health service (39.94%) and fear of harm that might be caused by the drug (28.90%). Furthermore, 85.1% of the patients did not know their diseases, 88.1% did not know their treatment, 86.4% did not feel good when they took their medication, and 88.1% took their medication incorrectly. The results revealed that the lack of information about diseases and drugs used, the nuisance posed by drug therapy and the low access to medications reduce adherence to treatment and, consequently, treatment effectiveness

A Systematic Review for Anti-Inflammatory Property of Clusiaceae Family: A Preclinical Approach

Background. Clusiaceae family (sensu lato) is extensively used in ethnomedicine for treating a number of disease conditions which include cancer, inflammation, and infection. The aim of this review is to report the pharmacological potential of plants of Clusiaceae family with the anti-inflammatory activity in animal experiments. Methods. A systematic review about experiments investigating anti-inflammatory activity of Clusiaceae family was carried out by searching bibliographic databases such as Medline, Scopus and Embase. In this update, the search terms were “anti-inflammatory agents,” “Clusiaceae,” and “animals, laboratory.” Results. A total of 255 publications with plants this family were identified. From the initial 255 studies, a total of 21 studies were selected for the final analysis. Studies with genera Allanblackia, Clusia, Garcinia or Rheedia, and Hypericum showed significant anti-inflammatory activity. The findings include a decrease of total leukocytes, a number of neutrophils, total protein concentration, granuloma formation, and paw or ear edema formation. Other interesting findings included decreased of the MPO activity, and inflammatory mediators such as NF-κB and iNOS expression, PGE2 and Il-1β levels and a decrease in chronic inflammation. Conclusion. The data reported suggests the anti-inflammatory effect potential of Clusiaceae family in animal experiments

Las comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje y su incidencia en el desempeño docente en la Institución Educativa Emblemática N° 1070 Melitón Carvajal, de la UGEL 03 - Lima

El estudio realizado, tiene como título: “Las comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje y su incidencia en el desempeño docente en la Institución Educativa Emblemática N° 1070 Melitón Carvajal de Lince, el problema general planteado fue, ¿Cuál es la incidencia de las comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje en el desempeño docente en la I.E.E. N° 1070 Melitón Carvajal?, y tuvo como objetivo: determinar el nivel de incidencia de las comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje en el desempeño docente en la I.E.E. N° 1070 Melitón Carvajal. La investigación obedece a un diseño no experimental de corte transeccional o transversal y correlacional/causal; asimismo, el método utilizado es hipotético deductivo, con una población compuesta por 60 docentes que constituye la muestra censal, a quienes se les aplicó dos cuestionarios para medir el nivel de desarrollo de las comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje y el nivel de desempeño docente. Luego de la recolección de los datos, el procesamiento de la información y el análisis de los datos descriptivos e inferenciales, mediante el Pseudo coeficiente de determinación de las variables se llegó a la siguiente conclusión: Existe una relación directa y significativa entre las comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje y el desempeño docente en la I.E.E. N° 1070 Melitón Carvajal del distrito de Lince, 2018, habiéndose obtenido un R-cuadrado de Nagelkerke igual a 0,762 y un p.valor igual a 0,000

Amburana cearensis: uma revisão química e farmacológica

Amburana cearensis, conhecida popularmente como “umburana-de-cheiro” ou “cumaru”, é uma planta arbórea amplamente distribuída no Nordeste brasileiro, sua madeira é utilizada na movelaria e tem apreciáveis propriedades terapêuticas na medicina popular. Vários compostos já foram isolados e identificados da A. cearensis, incluindo: ácido protocatecuico, cumarinas, flavonóides (isocampferídeo, campferol, afrormosina, 4’-metoxi-fisetina e quercetina) e glicosídeos fenólicos (amburosídeo A e B), entre outros. Apresenta atividade antiinflamatória, analgésica, antiespasmódica e broncodilatadora. Apesar de sua importância econômica e farmacológica, poucos estudos são encontrados na literatura especializada. Portanto, o presente trabalho buscou fazer uma revisão da química e farmacologia dessa espécie vegetalAmburana cearensis, popularly known as "umburana-de-cheiro" or "cumaru" is a tree widely distributed in northeastern of Brazil, its wood is used in furniture making and has considerable therapeutic properties in folk medicine. Several compounds have been isolated and identified from A. cearensis, including protocatechuic acid, coumarins, flavonoids (isokaempferide, kaempferol, afrormosin and 4’-methoxyfisetin) and the phenol glucosides (amburosides A and B) among others. This species has antiinflammatory, analgesic, antispasmodic and bronchodilator. Despite its economic and pharmacology importance few studies are found in the literature about that species. Therefore, this study attempts to review the chemistry and pharmacology of this plant specie

Flavonoids: Promising Natural Products for Treatment of Skin Cancer (Melanoma)

Melanoma, which is the most malignant skin cancer type, has got one of the fastest increasing incidence rates of all cancer types in the world. When belatedly diagnosed, melanoma is extremely invasive and metastatic. Although there are effective drugs used to treat melanoma, some cell lines have proven resistant to chemotherapy. In this context, several research groups on natural products have investigated the anticancer effect of new natural molecules in the treatment of melanoma. Flavonoids have shown to play an important role in chemoprevention and inhibition of the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma cells. In this chapter, we present a systematic review performed through a literature search over a period of 20 years, using specialized databases. Analysis of all selected manuscripts demonstrated that at least 97 flavonoids have already been investigated for the treatment of melanoma using in vitro or in vivo models. Most of the bioactive flavonoids belong to the classes of flavones (38.0%), flavonols (17.5%), or isoflavonoids (17.5%). Apigenin, diosmin, fisetin, luteolin, and quercetin were considered as the most studied flavonoids for melanoma treatment. In general, flavonoids have shown to be a promising source of molecules with great potential for the treatment of melanoma

Effect of low-level laser therapy on pain levels in patients with temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are characterized by the presence of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and/or masticatory muscle pain and dysfunction. Low-level laser is presented as an adjuvant therapeutic modality for the treatment of TMD, especially when the presence of inflammatory pain is suspected. Objective: To systematically review studies that investigated the effect of low level laser therapy (LLLT) on the pain levels in individuals with TMD. Material and Methods: The databases Scopus, embase, ebsco and PubMed were reviewed from January/2003 to October/2010 with the following keywords: laser therapy, low-level laser therapy, temporomandibular joint disorders, temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome, temporomandibular joint, temporomandibular, facial pain and arthralgia, with the inclusion criteria for intervention studies in humans. exclusion criteria adopted were intervention studies in animals, studies that were not written in english, Spanish or Portuguese, theses, monographs, and abstracts presented in scientific events. Results: After a careful review, 14 studies fit the criteria for inclusion, of which, 12 used a placebo group. As for the protocol for laser application, the energy density used ranged from 0.9 to 105 J/cm², while the power density ranged from 9.8 to 500 mW. The number of sessions varied from 1 to 20 and the frequency of applications ranged from daily for 10 days to 1 time per week for 4 weeks. A reduction in pain levels was reported in 13 studies, with 9 of these occurring only in the experimental group, and 4 studies reporting pain relief for both the experimental group and for the placebo. Conclusion: Most papers showed that LLLT seemed to be effective in reducing pain from TMD. However, the heterogeneity of the standardization regarding the parameters of laser calls for caution in interpretation of these results. Thus, it is necessary to conduct further research in order to obtain a consensus regarding the best application protocol for pain relief in patients with TMD

Hydrogel as an alternative structure for food packaging systems

Hydrogels are three-dimensional, hydrophilic networks, comprising polymeric chains linked through physical or chemical bonds. In the area of food, hydrogels have great potential to be used in food packaging systems or as carriers of bioactive components. This paper reviews the nature of hydrogels, their 3D network conformation, their functional properties, and their potential applications in food packaging systems. Regarding their potential food packaging applications, hydrogels can present a conformation which allows their use as part of a packaging system to control the humidity generated by food products with high water content. Moreover, the incorporation of nanoparticles into hydrogels may grant them antimicrobial activity. Finally, although the current research in this field is still limited, the results obtained so far are promising for innovative and potential applications in the food field, which also include their integration into intelligent food packaging systems and their direct incorporation into food matrices as a flavor carrier system.RA Batista is thankful for the support provided by the Municipal Secretary of Education of Itaporanga D'Ajuda - Sergipe, State Secretary of Education of Sergipe, National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq). PJP Espitia thanks the National Bureau for the Development of Science and Technology in Colombia (COLCIENCIAS) and Universidad del Atlántico. JA Teixeira thanks the Centre of Biological Engineering - University of Minho. JC Cardoso thanks the National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) and the Foundation for Research and Technological Innovation Support of the State of Sergipe (Fapitec).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Volatile constituents and behavioral change induced by Cymbopogon winterianus leaf essential oil in rodents

Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt (‘Java citronella’) is an important essential oil yielding aromatic grass cultivated in India and Brazil and its volatile essential oils extracted from its leaves are used in perfumery, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and flavoring industries. However, there is no report on any psychopharmacological study of C. winterianus leaf essential oil (LEO) available to date. In this study, the pharmacological effects of the LEO were investigated in animal models and its phytochemical analyses. GC-MS analysis showed a mixture of monoterpenes, as citronellal (36.19%), geraniol (32.82%) and citronellol (11.37%). LEO exhibited an inhibitory effect on the locomotor activity of mice, an antinociceptive effect by increasing the reaction time in the writhing and capsaicin tests. All doses induced a significant increase in the sleeping time of animals not having modified however, the latency. The LEO did not alter the remaining time of the animals on the rota-rod apparatus. These results suggest a possible central effec