ANÁLISE QUALI-QUANTITATIVA DA ARBORIZAÇÃO URBANA DO BAIRRO LIVRAMENTO, MUNICÍPIO DE SANTARÉM, PARÁ, BRASIL

O trabalho teve como objetivo analisar os aspectos quali-quantitativos da arborização do bairro Livramento, localizado no município de Santarém - PA. Foram coletadas dos indivíduos as variáveis: fitogeografia, altura total, conflitos com a rede elétrica, fitossanidade e manejo. No inventário foi utilizado a amostragem sistemática por pontos alternados, com o total de 18 pontos amostrais. Foram encontrados 198 indivíduos, divididos em 16 famílias e 27 espécies. No entanto, o trabalho irá focar nas 5 espécies mais representativas: Mangifera indica L., Ficus spp., Eugenia malaccensis L., Licania tomentosa (Benth) Fritsch e Crescentia cujete L, que totalizam 70,7% do total de indivíduos inventariados. As alturas dos indivíduos indicaram que 34,2% apresentaram conflito com fiação elétrica, as espécies Mangifera indica L. e Eugenia malaccensis L. se destacaram nesse aspecto. Quanto a posição das raízes, 11,4% apresentaram afloramento, dos quais a espécie Ficus spp. representou 62,4% desse total. Portanto, através do estudo conclui-se que a arborização do bairro Livramento foi feita de maneira inadequada, resultado da falta de planejamento na sua implantação, e que tem causado inconvenientes como conflitos com calçadas e rede elétrica

ANÁLISE QUALI-QUANTITATIVA DA ARBORIZAÇÃO URBANA DO BAIRRO LIVRAMENTO, MUNICÍPIO DE SANTARÉM, PARÁ, BRASIL

O trabalho teve como objetivo analisar os aspectos quali-quantitativos da arborização do bairro Livramento, localizado no município de Santarém - PA. Foram coletadas dos indivíduos as variáveis: fitogeografia, altura total, conflitos com a rede elétrica, fitossanidade e manejo. No inventário foi utilizado a amostragem sistemática por pontos alternados, com o total de 18 pontos amostrais. Foram encontrados 198 indivíduos, divididos em 16 famílias e 27 espécies. No entanto, o trabalho irá focar nas 5 espécies mais representativas: Mangifera indica L., Ficus spp., Eugenia malaccensis L., Licania tomentosa (Benth) Fritsch e Crescentia cujete L, que totalizam 70,7% do total de indivíduos inventariados. As alturas dos indivíduos indicaram que 34,2% apresentaram conflito com fiação elétrica, as espécies Mangifera indica L. e Eugenia malaccensis L. se destacaram nesse aspecto. Quanto a posição das raízes, 11,4% apresentaram afloramento, dos quais a espécie Ficus spp. representou 62,4% desse total. Portanto, através do estudo conclui-se que a arborização do bairro Livramento foi feita de maneira inadequada, resultado da falta de planejamento na sua implantação, e que tem causado inconvenientes como conflitos com calçadas e rede elétrica

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Propriedades Químicas e Energéticas de Madeiras Amazônicas do Segundo Ciclo de Corte

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi determinar as propriedades químicas e energéticas da madeira de urucu da mata (Bixa arborea), breu (Protium apiculatum) e acariquarana (Rinorea guianensis), para melhor aproveitamento dos resíduos gerados na obtenção de madeira serrada dessas espécies florestais. Foram coletadas 5 árvores de cada espécie e retirados discos à altura de 2 metros do solo, os quais foram transformados em cunhas para a obtenção de serragem para as análises químicas e energéticas. A avaliação dos resultados foi realizada pelo teste de comparação de médias de Tukey (p ≤ 0,05). Bixa arborea foi a espécie que obteve maior poder calorífico superior e teor de lignina, todavia, menor densidade. Protiumapiculatum e Rinorea guianesis demonstraram ter características químicas e energéticas favoráveis à produção de carvão vegetal e de lenha para fins doméstico e em indústrias como olarias

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data