Duality of equations and coequations via contravariant adjunctions

In this paper we show duality results between categories of equations and categories of coequations. These dualities are obtained as restrictions of dualities between categories of algebras and coalgebras, which arise by lifting contravariant adjunctions on the base categories. By extending this approach to (co)algebras for (co)monads, we retrieve th

Strong Military Families Intervention Enhances Parenting Reflectivity And Representations In Families With Young Children

Military families face many challenges due to deployment and parental separation, and this can be especially difficult for families with young children. The Strong Military Families (SMF) intervention is for military families with young children, and consists of two versions: the Multifamily Group, and a Home‐based psychoeducational written materials program. The Multifamily Group was designed to enhance positive parenting through both educational components and in vivo feedback and support during separations and reunions between parents and children (n = 78 parents). In the present study, we examine parenting reflectivity and mental representations in mothers versus fathers in military families, service members versus civilian spouses/parenting partners, and before versus after participation in the SMF Multifamily Group and Home‐based interventions. Parenting reflectivity and mental representations were coded from the Working Model of the Child Interview (WMCI; C.H. Zeanah & D. Benoit, 1995). Results suggest that neither parenting reflectivity nor WMCI typology differs between mothers and fathers in military families, or between service members and civilian parenting partners. Furthermore, there was substantial stability in parenting reflectivity and WMCI typology from baseline to posttest, but participation in the Multifamily Group, relative to Home‐based, was associated with improvements in both parenting reflectivity and WMCI ratings from baseline to postintervention.RESUMENLas familias militares enfrentan muchos retos debido a las distantes asignaciones de servicio y la separación de los padres, lo cual puede ser específicamente difícil para familias con niños pequeños. La intervención Familias Militares Fuertes (SMF) es para familias militares con niños pequeños y consta de dos versiones: un Grupo Múltiple de Familias y un programa sicoeducativo de materiales escritos con base en casa. El Grupo Múltiple de Familias se diseñó para mejorar la crianza positiva tanto a través de componentes educativos como de reacciones y apoyo en vivo durante las separaciones y reuniones entre padres y niños (n = 78 padres). En el presente estudio, examinamos el poder de reflexión sobre la crianza y las representaciones mentales en mamás vs. papás en familias militares, miembros del servicio militar vs. cónyuges civiles/parejas conyugales en la crianza, y antes vs. después de la participación en el Grupo Múltiple de Familias SMF y en las intervenciones con base en casa. El poder de reflexión sobre la crianza y las representaciones mentales se codificaron usando el Modelo de Trabajo de la Entrevista del Niño –WMCI‐ (Zeanah y Benoit, 1995). Los resultados sugieren que ni el poder de reflexión ni la tipología del WMCI difieren entre mamás y papás en familias militares, o entre miembros del servicio militar y sus parejas conyugales civiles en la crianza. Es más, se dio una estabilidad de importancia en el poder de reflexión y la tipología WMCI entre el punto de referencia y la examinación posterior, pero la participación en el Grupo Múltiple de Familias, en relación con la intervención en casa, se asoció con mejoras tanto en el poder de reflexión como en los puntajes WMCI entre el punto de referencia y la intervención posterior.RÉSUMÉLes familles de militaires font face à de nombreux défis du fait des déploiements et de la séparation parentale, et cela peut s’avérer particulièrement difficile pour les familles avec de jeunes enfants. L’intervention Familles Militaires fortes (ici abrégé en français FMF, SMF en anglais, pour Strong Military Families) est destinée aux familles de militaires avec de jeunes enfants et consiste en deux versions: un Groupe Multifamilial, et une intervention à domicile avec programme de matériel psychoéducatif écrit. Le Groupe Multifamilial a été conçu afin de mettre en valeur le parentage positif à travers des composantes éducatives et du feedback in vivo et du soutien durant les séparations et les réunions entre les parents et les enfants (n = 78 parents). Dans cette étude nous examinons la réflectivité de parentage et les représentations mentales chez les mères et les pères de familles de militaires, les membres du service comparés aux épouses civiles et aux partenaires de parentage civils, et avant par rapport à après la participation au Groupe Multifamilial FMF et les interventions à domicile. La réflectivité de parentage et les représentations mentales ont été codées à partir du Modèle de Travail de l’Entretien de l’Enfant (Zeanah & Benoit, 1995). Les résultats suggèrent que ni la réflectivité de parentage ni le Modèle de Travail de l’Entretien de l’Enfant ne diffèrent entre les mères et les pères dans les familles militaires ou entre les membres du service et les partenaires de parentage civils. De plus il y avait une stabilité importante dans la réflectivité de parentage et la typologie du Modèle de Travail de l’Entretien de l’Enfant du niveau de référence jusqu’après le test, mais la participation au Groupe Multifamilial, par rapport à la participation à domicile, était liée à des améliorations dans à la fois la réflectivité de parentage et les scores du Modèle de Travail de l’Entretien de l’Enfant du niveau de référence à après l’intervention.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGMilitärische Familien stehen durch den Einsatz und die Trennung der Eltern vor vielen Herausforderungen, was besonders für Familien mit Kleinkindern schwierig sein kann. Die Intervention „Strong Military Families“ (SMF) richtet sich an Militärfamilien mit Kleinkindern und besteht aus zwei Versionen: Aus einer Mehrfamiliengruppe und einem psychoedukativen schriftlichen Materialprogramm für Zuhause. Die Mehrfamiliengruppe wurde entwickelt, um die positive Elternschaft sowohl durch pädagogische Komponenten als auch durch in vivo Feedback und Unterstützung bei Trennungen und Wiedervereinigungen zwischen Eltern und Kindern (n = 78 Eltern) zu fördern. In der vorliegenden Studie untersuchen wir die Reflektivität und mentalen Repräsentationen von Eltern bei Müttern vs. Vätern in militärischen Familien, Dienstmitgliedern vs. zivilen Ehepartnern/Erziehungspartnern und vor vs. nach der Teilnahme an der SMF Mehrfamiliengruppe und psychoedukativen Intervention Zuhause. Die elterliche Reflektivität und mentalen Repräsentationen wurden aus dem “Working Model of the Child Interview” (WMCI; Zeanah & Benoit, 1995) kodiert. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass sich weder die elterliche Reflektivität noch die Typologie der WMCI zwischen Müttern und Vätern in Militärfamilien oder zwischen Dienstmitgliedern und zivilen Ehepartnern unterscheiden. Außerdem gab es eine beträchtliche Stabilität in der elterlichen Reflektivität und WMCI‐Typologie vom Beginn der Untersuchungen bis zum Post‐Test, aber die Teilnahme an der Mehrfamiliengruppe, im Vergleich zur psychoedukativen Intervention Zuhause, war mit Verbesserungen sowohl in der elterlichen Reflektivität als auch in der WMCI‐Bewertung vom Untersuchungsbeginn zur Post‐Intervention verbunden.抄録強い軍人家族介入 The Strong Military Families が、 幼い子どものいる家族における育児の内省性 Reflectivity と表象を増強する軍人家族は配属や親との分離のために多くの困難に直面する。そしてこれは幼い子どものいる家族には特に困難になり得る。強い軍人家族The Strong Military Families (SMF)介入は、幼い子どものいる軍人家族のためのもので、2つの型がある。それらは、複数家族グループと資料を用いて家庭で行う心理教育的プログラムである。複数家族グループは、教育的な要素および親子の分離と再会のその場でのフィードバックと支援の両者を通して、ポジティブな育児を増強するようにデザインされた(n = 78人の親)。この研究では、私たちは、軍人家族の母親対父親、軍人対民間人の配偶者/養育パートナー、そしてSMF複数家族グループと家庭での介入に参加前対参加後において、育児の内省性と心的表象を調査した。育児の内省性と心的表象は、the Working Model of the Child Interview (Zeanah & Benoit, 1995) によってコード化された。結果から、軍人家族の母親と父親、あるいは軍人と民間人の養育パートナーの間に、育児の内省性あるいはWMCIタイプについて違いは示されなかった。さらに、基準線からテスト後にかけて、育児の内省性およびWMCIタイプにかなりの安定性があったが、家庭におけるプログラムに比べて、複数家族グループに参加することは、育児の内省性およびWMCI評価の両者の基準線から介入後への改善と関連していた。摘要強大軍人家庭干預增強在有子女家庭中的育兒反思能力和表現由於軍事部署和父母在不同地方居住, 軍人家庭面臨許多挑戰, 這些挑戰對於有小孩的家庭尤其嚴重。強大軍人家庭干預 (SMF) 是為有小孩的軍人家庭進行的干預, 包括兩個版本: 一個多家庭小組和一個家庭式的心理教育書面材料計劃。多家庭小組旨在通過教育丶反饋和支持, 在父母與子女 (78名父母) 的分離和團聚期間, 加強積極的父母教養。在本研究中, 我們考察在軍人家庭丶服務人員與平民配偶/養育夥伴的父母, 以及參與 SMF 多家庭小組和家庭式干預前後的父母反思和心理表徵。我們以兒童訪談的工作模式 (Zeanah&Benoit, 1995), 編碼父母反思能力和心理表徵。結果表明, 在軍人家庭父母之間, 或服務人員和平民養育夥伴之間, 父母反思能力和WMCI類型學並無不同。此外, 從基線到測試後, 父母反思能力和WMCI類型相當穩定, 但和家庭式干預相比, 多家庭小組的參與, 與從基線到干預後的父母反思能力和WMCI評分之改善相關。ملخصالتدخل القوى عند العائلات العسكرية يعزز الأداء التأملي الوالدي والتمثيلات الذهنية في الرعاية الوالدية للعائلات تجاه أطفالهم الصغارالعائلات العسكرية تواجه كثيرا من التحديات بسبب حركات التنقل العسكري والانفصال بين الوالدين وهذا يكون أشد صعوبة بالنسبة للعائلات ذوي الأطفال الصغار. التدخل القوي للعائلات العسكرية (SMF) هو برنامج يتكون من جانبين: مجموعة متعددة الأسر وبرنامج منزلي للمواد التعليمية النفسية المكتوبة. تم تشكيل المجموعة متعددة الأسر لتعزيز الرعاية الوالدية الإيجابية من خلال مكونات تعليمية وتغذية مرتدة ودعم أثناء فترات انفصال الأسر ولم الشمل بين الوالدين والأطفال (n = 78). في الدراسة الحالية نستخدم الأداء التأملي الوالدي والتمثيلات الذهنية عند الأمهات مقابل الآباء في الأسر العسكرية وأفراد الخدمة بالمقارنة مع الأزواج والوالدين المدنيين وكذلك المقارنة بين قبل وبعد المشاركة في برنامج (SMF). تم ترميز الأداء التأملي الوالدي والتمثيلات الذهنية من خلال النموذج العامل للمقابلة الشخصية مع الطفل (زينة وبينوا 1995). تشير النتائج إلى عدم اختلاف الأداء التأملي الوالدي ونمط النموذج العامل لمقابلة الطفل (WMCI) بين الآباء والأمهات في الأسر العسكرية أو بين أفراد الخدمة والأزواج والآباء المدنيين. بالإضافة إلى ذلك كان هناك استقرار جوهري في الأداء التأملي الوالدي ونمط النموذج العامل بين خط البداية والاختبار البعدي ولكن المشاركة في مجموعة متعددة الأسر بالمقارنة مع البرنامج المنزلي كانت مقترنة بتحسن في كل من الأداء التأملي الوالدي وتقييمات (WMCI) بين خط البداية وتدخل الاختبار البعدي.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141683/1/imhj21690_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141683/2/imhj21690.pd

Shark conservation hindered by lack of habitat protection

Many of the world's shark populations are in decline, indicating the need for improved conservation and management. Well managed and appropriately located marine parks and marine protected areas (MPAs) have potential to enhance shark conservation by restricting fisheries and protecting suitable habitat for threatened shark populations. Here, we used shark occurrence records collected by commercial fisheries to determine suitable habitat for pelagic sharks within the Australian continental Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), and to quantify the amount of suitable habitat contained within existing MPAs. We developed generalised linear models using proportional occurrences of pelagic sharks for three families: Alopiidae (thresher), Carcharhinidae (requiem), and Lamnidae (mackerel) sharks. We also considered aggregated species from the Lamnidae and Carcharhinidae families ('combined sharks' in the models). Using a set of environmental predictors known to affect shark occurrence, including chlorophyll-a concentration, salinity, sea surface temperature, and turbidity, as well as geomorphological, geophysical, and sedimentary parameters, we found that models including sea surface temperature and turbidity were ranked highest in their ability to predict shark distributions. We used these results to predict geographic regions where habitat was most suitable for pelagic sharks within the Australian EEZ, and our results revealed that suitable habitat was limited in no-take zones within MPAs. For all shark groupings, suitable habitats were found mostly at locations exposed to fishing pressure, potentially increasing the vulnerability of the pelagic shark species considered. Our predictive models provide a foundation for future spatial planning and shark management, suggesting that strong fisheries management in addition to MPAs is necessary for pelagic shark conservation

Regular Varieties of Automata and Coequations

In this paper we use a duality result between equations and coequations for automata, proved by Ballester-Bolinches, Cosme-Ll´opez, and Rutten to characterize nonempty classes of deterministic automata that are closed under products, subautomata, homomorphic images, and sums. One characterization is as classes of automata defined by regular equations and the second one is as classes of automata satisfying sets of coequations called varieties of languages. We show how our results are related to Birkhoff’s theorem for regular varieties

Attachment disorders diagnosed by community practitioners:a replication and extension

Background: While considered a rare diagnosis, reactive attachment disorder (RAD) is simultaneously the subject of considerable debate. A recent report suggested that RAD is overdiagnosed in community settings and that conduct problems may be used to make a diagnosis of RAD (Woolgar & Baldock, Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 20, 2015, 34–40). This study seeks to replicate and extend these findings. Method: Clinical assessment data from 100 consecutive admissions of maltreated foster and adopted children (ages 3–17) to a specialty treatment clinic in the United States were reviewed. Measures included semi-structured interviews of RAD and disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED) symptoms and caregiver-report questionnaires of emotional problems, conduct problems, and the quality of the parent–child relationship. Results: Of the 100 cases reviewed, 39 presented with a diagnostic history of RAD, DSED, or ‘attachment disorder’. Of these cases, three were diagnosed in-clinic with DSED; no cases met diagnostic criteria for RAD according to DSM-5 criteria. However, analyses found that those diagnosed with RAD by community-based clinicians were significantly more likely to display conduct problems and to be adopted (as opposed to in foster care). Conclusions: These findings confirm those of Woolgar and Baldock (Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 20, 2015, 34–40). It appears that the diagnostic criteria of RAD are commonly being inaccurately applied in general community-based practice. Clarification of diagnostic criteria for RAD in recent revisions of diagnostic taxonomies, the accumulation of empirical data on RAD, and improved instrumentation are either poorly disseminated or inadequately implemented in community-based practice settings

EVALUASI MESIN IT PADA PT. INTER WORLD STEEL MILLS INDONESIA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE CBA (COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS)

EVALUASI MESIN IT PADA PT. INTER WORLD STEEL MILLS INDONESIA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE CBA (COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS)

Somatic and germline analysis of a familial Rothmund-Thomson syndrome in two siblings with osteosarcoma

Rothmund–Thomson syndrome (RTS) is characterized by a rash that begins in the first few months of life and eventually develops into poikiloderma. Associated symptoms are alterations in the teeth, sparse hair, thin eyebrows, lack of eyelashes, low stature, bone abnormalities, hematological illnesses, gastrointestinal disease, malnutrition, cataracts, and predisposition to cancer, principally to bone tumors and skin cancer. Diagnostic certitude is provided by a genetic study involving detection of pathogenic variants of the RECQL4 gene. We hereby present a familiar case of RTS in two siblings from a Portuguese family, both diagnosed with osteosarcoma. Genomic analysis (203 genes) of both tumors as well as germline analysis of the RECQL4 gene, thus confirming the syndrome in the family, have been performed. The relevance of clinical recognition of the hallmarks of the disease and thus early diagnosis with early intervention is highlighted

CD4 cell count and the risk of AIDS or death in HIV-Infected adults on combination antiretroviral therapy with a suppressed viral load: a longitudinal cohort study from COHERE.

BACKGROUND: Most adults infected with HIV achieve viral suppression within a year of starting combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). It is important to understand the risk of AIDS events or death for patients with a suppressed viral load. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Using data from the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (2010 merger), we assessed the risk of a new AIDS-defining event or death in successfully treated patients. We accumulated episodes of viral suppression for each patient while on cART, each episode beginning with the second of two consecutive plasma viral load measurements 500 copies/µl, the first of two consecutive measurements between 50-500 copies/µl, cART interruption or administrative censoring. We used stratified multivariate Cox models to estimate the association between time updated CD4 cell count and a new AIDS event or death or death alone. 75,336 patients contributed 104,265 suppression episodes and were suppressed while on cART for a median 2.7 years. The mortality rate was 4.8 per 1,000 years of viral suppression. A higher CD4 cell count was always associated with a reduced risk of a new AIDS event or death; with a hazard ratio per 100 cells/µl (95% CI) of: 0.35 (0.30-0.40) for counts <200 cells/µl, 0.81 (0.71-0.92) for counts 200 to <350 cells/µl, 0.74 (0.66-0.83) for counts 350 to <500 cells/µl, and 0.96 (0.92-0.99) for counts ≥500 cells/µl. A higher CD4 cell count became even more beneficial over time for patients with CD4 cell counts <200 cells/µl. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the low mortality rate, the risk of a new AIDS event or death follows a CD4 cell count gradient in patients with viral suppression. A higher CD4 cell count was associated with the greatest benefit for patients with a CD4 cell count <200 cells/µl but still some slight benefit for those with a CD4 cell count ≥500 cells/µl