Efecto del escaldado sobre las características fisicoquímicas y sensoriales de recortes de “espárrago verde” asparagus officinalis L. ( asparagaceae ) deshidratado

Se estudió el efecto del tipo de escaldado ( en agua a 98 °C ± 1, en solución de cloruro de calcio a 98°C ± 1 y vapor a 100 °C ) sobre el color ( L*, a* y b*) , contenido de clorofila, fibra cruda y aceptabilidad general de residuos agroindustriales de espárrago verde ( Asparagus officinalis L. ) deshidratado. Los recortes de espárrago verde fueron abastecidos por la empresa Compositan Moche – La Libertad, luego se procedió a ser seleccionados, lavados, cortados, escaldados, escurridos y secados a temperaturas de 60 y 70° C por 5 h. Se realizó la prueba de Levene modificada para la determinación de la homogeneidad de varianzas, un análisis de varianza ANVA y, posteriormente, la prueba de Duncan; para las variables paramétricas de color, contenido de clorofila y fibra cruda. Para la aceptabilidad general se aplicó la prueba estadística de Kruskal Wallis. El análisis de varianza determinó que se encontró efecto significativo ( p<0.05 ) en el tipo de escaldado para fibra cruda, clorofila ( a y c ) y color ( L*, b*) . No hubó efecto significativo para a* y aceptabilidad general en espárrago deshidratado. El contenido de fibra varió entre 10.58 a 13.58%, para el contenido de clorofila a con valores 16.72 a 12.55 y el contenido de clorofila c con valores 1.69 a 0.44, en las características de color con valores de ( L*) 49.10 a 41.90 y para ( b*) 35.88 a 29.32. Con respecto a la aceptabilidad general la prueba de Kruskal Wallis determinó que no existió diferencias significativas ( p>0.05 ) entre los tratamientos de escaldado de espárrago verde deshidratado, todas las muestras presentaron percepción de “me gusta ligeramente”. El mejor tratamiento fue el escaldado en vapor a 100°C de espárrago verde deshidratado porque presentó mayores valores de fibra cruda, el mejor color L* y b*, mayor contenido de clorofila y aceptabilidad general similar a los otros tratamientos.The effect of the type of scalding was studied ( in water at 98 ° C ± 1, in solution of calcium chloride at 98 ° C ± 1 and steam at 100 ° C ) on color ( L*, a* and b *) , chlorophyll content, crude fiber and general acceptability of agro-industrial residues of green asparagus ( Asparagus officinalis L. ) Dehydrated. The green asparagus cuts were supplied by the company Compositan Moche – La Libertad, then was selected, washed, cut, scalded, drained and dried at temperatures of 60 and 70 ° C for 5 hours. The modified Levene test was performed to determine the homogeneity of variances, an analysis of ANOVA variance and, subsequently, the Duncan test; for parametric variables of color, chlorophyll content and crude fiber. For general acceptability the statistical test of Kruskal Wallis was applied. The analysis of variance determined that significant effect was found ( p0.05 ) among dehydrated green asparagus scalding treatments, all samples presented "I like lightly" perception. The best treatment was steam scalding at 100 ° C of dehydrated green asparagus because it showed higher values of crude fiber, the best color L* and b*, high chlorophyll values and general acceptability similar to the other treatments.Tesi

Effect of pretreatment temperature on the surface modification of diatomite with trimethylchlorosilane

Artículo científicoDiatomite samples from Costa Rica were purified using acidic treatments with hydrochloric acid, thermally treated (400–1000 C) and then silylated with trimethylchlorosilane in toluene under inert atmosphere. The purification process allows to decrease the concentration of metals presented in the crude diatomite, as is confirmed by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) Analysis. The silylated materials were analyzed by using Hyperpolarized 129Xe Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (HP 129Xe NMR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), rehydration tests, and contact angle measurements. XRD measurements indicate that diatomite is mainly amorphous, but presents several crystalline phases (kaolinite, cristobalite, and quartz). Pretreatments at high temperatures cause changes in those crystalline phases, resulting in more amorphous materials. However, there is no difference in the overall structure of purified and thermally treated diatomite samples with respect to the silylation products. In addition, SEM measurements show no effect over the pore structure of the materials. On the other hand, TGA measurements and rehydration tests show lower losses of water for silylated materials prepared using higher pretreatment temperatures. Moreover, HP 129Xe NMR, FTIR, and contact angle measurements evidence a modification due to covalent attachment of Si(CH3)3-groups to the surface, which increases for higher pretreatment temperatures. The results provide valuable information about external factors that influence the surface modification of diatomite. This can be useful to control modifications that can be achieved in a similar way

La posverdad sobre la pandemia del Covid - 19 en la Fan Page de Ozono televisión primera fase de confinamiento, 2020

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal Analizar la posverdad de la información de los contenidos publicados en la fan page de Ozono Televisión sobre la pandemia Covid-19 en su primera fase de confinamiento, 2020. El tipo de investigación fue cualitativa con diseño descriptivo. La muestra de estudio estuvo conformada por 12 publicaciones de la fan page de Ozono Televisión durante los meses de marzo, abril y mayo. Estas fueron seleccionadas por criterios de conveniencia. El instrumento que se utilizó para la recolección de datos fue la guía de observación. La investigación concluyó que la posverdad de la información sobre la pandemia Covid-19 en su primera fase es alta debido a que más de la mitad de noticias publicadas en la fan page de Ozono Televisión no cumplen con los elementos de la información para garantizar la autenticidad de dicha noticia. Además, se concluyó que existe un alto nivel de interacción por parte de los usuariosThe main objective of this research is to analyze the post-truth information of the content published on the Ozono Televisión fan page about the Covid-19 pandemic in its first phase of confinement, 2020. The type of research was qualitative with a descriptive design. The study sample consisted of 12 publications on the Ozono Televisión fan page during the months of March, April and May. These were selected by criteria of convenience. The instrument used for data collection was the observation guide. The investigation concluded that the post-truth of the information on the Covid-19 pandemic in its first phase is high because more than half of the news published on the Ozono Televisión fan page do not comply with the elements of the information to guarantee authenticity. of said news. In addition, it was concluded that there is a high level of interaction by users.Tesi

Spatial variability shapes microbial communities of permafrost soils and their reaction to warming

Climate change threatens the Earth’s biggest terrestrial organic carbon reservoir: permafrost soils. With climate warming, frozen soil organic matter may thaw and become available for microbial decomposition and subsequent greenhouse gas emissions. Permafrost soils are extremely heterogenous within the soil profile and between landforms. This heterogeneity in environmental conditions, carbon content and soil organic matter composition, potentially leads to different microbial communities with different responses to warming. The aim of the present study is to (1) elucidate these differences in microbial community compositions and (2) investigate how these communities react to warming. We performed short-term warming experiments with permafrost soil organic matter from northwestern Canada. We compared two sites characterized by different glacial histories (Laurentide Ice Sheet cover during LGM and without glaciation), three landscape types (low-center, flat-center, high-center polygons) and four different soil horizons (organic topsoil layer, mineral topsoil layer, cryoturbated soil layer, and the upper permanently frozen soil layer). We incubated aliquots of all soil samples at 4 °C and at 14 °C for 8 weeks and analyzed microbial community compositions (amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene and ITS1 region) before and after the incubation, comparing them to microbial growth, microbial respiration, microbial biomass and soil organic matter composition. We found distinct bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities for soils of different glaciation history, polygon types and for different soil layers. Communities of low-center polygons differ from high-center and flat-center polygons in bacterial, archaeal and fungal community compositions, while communities of organic soil layers are significantly different from all other horizons. Interestingly, permanently frozen soil layers differ from all other horizons in bacterial and archaeal, but not fungal community composition. The 8-week incubations led to minor shifts in bacterial and archaeal community composition between initial soils and those subjected to 14 °C warming. We also found a strong warming effect on the community compositions in some of the extreme habitats: microbial community compositions of (i) the upper permanently frozen layer and of (ii) low-center polygons differ significantly for incubations at 4 °C and 14 °C. Yet, the lack of a community change in horizons of the active layer suggests that microbes are adapted to fluctuating temperatures due to seasonal thaw events. Our results suggest that warming responses of permafrost soil organic matter, if not frozen or water-saturated, may be predictable by current models. Process changes induced by short-term warming can be rather attributed to changes in microbial physiology than community composition. This work is part of the EU H2020 project “Nunataryuk”

Fascitis eosinofílica sin afectación cutánea: una presentación infrecuente

Eosinophilic fasciitis is a rare disease, characterized by painful inflammation of the subcutaneous fascia and adjacent tissues. Skin involvement is usually present and is considered a scleroderma-like syndrome. Although the diagnostic confirmation is usually histological, magnetic nuclear resonance images are characteristic and can guide both the diagnosis and the biopsy site. Early treatment is of utmost importance in order to avoid progression to fibrosis with the consequent sequelae. We hereby present the case of a patient with a biopsy confirmed eosinophilicfasciitis, with the particularity that there was not skin involvement.La fascitis eosinofílica es una enfermedad infrecuente caracterizada por una inflamación dolorosa de la fascia subcutánea y tejidos adyacentes. La afectación dérmica suele ser constante y está considerada como un síndrome esclerodermiforme. Aunque la confirmación diagnóstica suele ser histológica, las imágenes de laresonancia magnética nuclear son muy características pudiendo orientar tanto el diagnóstico como el lugar para realización de biopsia. El tratamiento precoz resulta de vital importancia para evitar la progresión a fibrosis con las consecuentes secuelas. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con fascitis eosinofílica confirmada mediante biopsia, con la particularidad de que no presentaba afectación cutánea

Utility of Different Blood Pressure Measurement Components in Childhood to Predict Adult Carotid Intima-Media Thickness : The i3C Consortium Study

Childhood blood pressure (BP) levels predict adult subclinical atherosclerosis. However, the best childhood BP component for prediction has not been determined. This study comprised 5925 participants aged 3 to 18 years from 6 cohorts who were followed into adulthood (mean follow-up 25.8 +/- 6.2 years). Childhood BP was measured by using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer in all cohorts. Study-specific carotid intima-media thickness 90th percentile was used to define subclinical atherosclerosis. Per SD change in the predictor, childhood systolic BP (SBP; age- and sex-adjusted odds ratio [95% CI], 1.24 [1.13-1.37]), mean arterial pressure (1.10 [1.07-1.13]), and pulse pressure (1.15 [1.05-1.27]) were associated with increased adulthood intima-media thickness. In age- and sex-adjusted analyses, area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for SBP (C value [95% CI], 0.677 [0.657-0.704]) showed significantly improved prediction compared with diastolic BP (0.669 [0.646-0.693], P=0.006) or mean arterial pressure (0.674 [0.653-0.699], P=0.01). Pulse pressure provided a C value that was not different from SBP (0.676 [0.653-0.699], P=0.16). Combining different BP components did not improve prediction over SBP measurement alone. Based on the associations with adult carotid intima-media thickness, cut points for elevated SBP were 105 mmHg for 3- to 6-year-old boys, 108 mmHg for 3- to 6-year-old girls, 108 mmHg for 7- to 12-year-old boys, 106 mmHg for 7- to 12-year-old girls, 123 mmHg for 13- to 18-year-old boys, and 115 mmHg for 13- to 18-year-old girls. Our analyses suggest that several childhood BP measurement components are related to adulthood carotid intima-media thickness. Of these, SBP provided the best predictive ability.Peer reviewe

Cardiovascular risk factors before and during pregnancy: Does pregnancy unmask or initiate risk?

Objectives: To understand if pregnancy unmasks previously silent cardiovascular (CV) adverse factors, or initiates lasting injury.Methods: Pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy CV risk factors (blood pressure, fasting lipids, and glucose) from 296 women belonging to studies in the International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort (i3C) Consortium, a group of studies assessing the relationship between child and adolescent CV risk factors and adult outcomes, were used. Correlation coefficients between the pre- and during pregnancy measures were calculated, and the mean difference between the measures was modeled with adjustment for age, body mass index, race, smoking, and study.Results: Measures were strongly correlated at pre- and during-pregnancy visits (p Conclusions: Pre- and during-pregnancy CV risk factors are moderately well correlated. This may indicate that susceptible women enter pregnancy with higher risk rather than pregnancy inducing new vascular or metabolic effects.</p

Antimalarial Activity of Potential Inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum Lactate Dehydrogenase Enzyme Selected by Docking Studies

The Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (PfLDH) has been considered as a potential molecular target for antimalarials due to this parasite's dependence on glycolysis for energy production. Because the LDH enzymes found in P. vivax, P. malariae and P. ovale (pLDH) all exhibit ∼90% identity to PfLDH, it would be desirable to have new anti-pLDH drugs, particularly ones that are effective against P. falciparum, the most virulent species of human malaria. Our present work used docking studies to select potential inhibitors of pLDH, which were then tested for antimalarial activity against P. falciparum in vitro and P. berghei malaria in mice. A virtual screening in DrugBank for analogs of NADH (an essential cofactor to pLDH) and computational studies were undertaken, and the potential binding of the selected compounds to the PfLDH active site was analyzed using Molegro Virtual Docker software. Fifty compounds were selected based on their similarity to NADH. The compounds with the best binding energies (itraconazole, atorvastatin and posaconazole) were tested against P. falciparum chloroquine-resistant blood parasites. All three compounds proved to be active in two immunoenzymatic assays performed in parallel using monoclonals specific to PfLDH or a histidine rich protein (HRP2). The IC50 values for each drug in both tests were similar, were lowest for posaconazole (<5 µM) and were 40- and 100-fold less active than chloroquine. The compounds reduced P. berghei parasitemia in treated mice, in comparison to untreated controls; itraconazole was the least active compound. The results of these activity trials confirmed that molecular docking studies are an important strategy for discovering new antimalarial drugs. This approach is more practical and less expensive than discovering novel compounds that require studies on human toxicology, since these compounds are already commercially available and thus approved for human use

Cardiovascular Health Promotion in Children: Challenges and Opportunities for 2020 and Beyond: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

This document provides a pediatric-focused companion to the American Heart Association (AHA) Strategic Impact Goal Through 2020 and Beyond, focused on cardiovascular (CV) health promotion and disease reduction in adults and children. The principles detailed in the document reflect the AHA’s new dynamic and proactive goal to promote CV health throughout the lifecourse. The primary focus is on adult CV health and disease prevention, but critical to achievement of this goal is maintenance of ideal CV health from birth through childhood to young adulthood and beyond