Variaciones en torno al escalafón de competitividad departamental en Colombia

Incluye BibliografíaEste texto presenta un análisis de los activos estructurales regionales y su relación con el nivel de competitividad. En especial, se consideran tres tipos de estructuras, fuentes de ventajas competitivas: a) los requerimientos básicos de desarrollo; b) los elementos y dinámicas de la modernidad; y c) el grado de aglomeración. El capital básico hace referencia al cúmulo de capital de la estructura regional que permite soportar el proceso de desarrollo; la modernidad identifica elementos impulsores de nuevos desarrollos, como el conocimiento experto, la innovación, la conectividad y la especialización productiva y comercial; y la aglomeración establece el grado de concentraciones productivas y demográficas, fuente de externalidades positivas para el desarroll

Producción de tubérculos de papa (Solanum tuberosum ssp. andigena) a partir de plantas procedentes del cultivo in vitro.

Papa-Solanum tuberosu

5-h¡droxi-2-metil-1,4-naftoquinona obtenida de pera nítida (benth.) jablonski(euforbiaceae)

Del extracto clorofórmico de la corteza del tronco de Pera nítida (Benth.) Jablonski se aisló una sustancia amarilla que fue identificada como 5—hidro.x¡-2— metil —1,4—naftoquinona. Esta sustancia es conocida como plumbagina y ha mostrado una destacada acción biológica. La estructura fue deducida con base en los datos espectroscópicos y su presencia en esta especie tiene importancia quimiotaxonómica

Structural study of the type II 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

9 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables.The structure of the type II dehydroquinate dehydratase (DHQase) from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the third enzyme of the shikimate pathway, has been determined. Crystals diffracting to 1.7 Å were obtained in space and on earth using the counter-diffusion technique. The structure was solved using molecular replacement and refined to high resolution. The overall structure of the dodecameric enzyme is described and compared with structures of DHQases from other bacteria. DHQases contain a flexible loop that presumably closes over the active site upon substrate binding. The enzyme can exist in an open or closed conformation. The present structure displays the open conformation, with a sulfate anion bound in the active site. The availability of this structure opens a route to structure-based antibiotics targetting this pathogenic bacterium.We thank Professor Kabsch for providing XDS free of charge. We acknowledge the support of the European Space Agency and the European Community Action to Research Infrastructure Action of the Improving Human Potential Programme to the EMBL Hamburg Outstation, contract No. HPRI-CT-1999-00017. We thank Olivier Minster (ESA) for his support of space science. The authors acknowledge the excellent work of Dr Eva ManÄ as in managing the logistics concerning the space mission. We thank Viscount Dirk Frimout for his support for space crystallization experiments.Peer reviewe

Reseñas

Allouch, Jean. Marguerite ou l'Aimée de lacan (Margarita o la amada de lacan) E.P.E.L., parís. 1990. / Gay Peter. Freud: una vida de nuestro tiempo. Ed. Paidós. Barcelona, 1989. / Moreno Duran, Rafael H. Taberna in fabula: la experiencia leída Monteavila editores, Caracas, 1992. / Safoun, Moustapha. El inconsciente y su escriba. Ed. Paidós, Argentina, 1985. Wiesel, Eli. El crepúsculo a lo lejos Ed. Norma, Col. La otra orilla, Bogotá, 1991

Reseñas

Allouch, Jean. Marguerite ou l'Aimée de lacan (Margarita o la amada de lacan) E.P.E.L., parís. 1990. / Gay Peter. Freud: una vida de nuestro tiempo. Ed. Paidós. Barcelona, 1989. / Moreno Duran, Rafael H. Taberna in fabula: la experiencia leída Monteavila editores, Caracas, 1992. / Safoun, Moustapha. El inconsciente y su escriba. Ed. Paidós, Argentina, 1985. Wiesel, Eli. El crepúsculo a lo lejos Ed. Norma, Col. La otra orilla, Bogotá, 1991

Dietary antioxidant intake is inversely associated with 2,3-dinor oxylipin metabolites, the major excreted oxylipins in overweight and obese subjects

Cardiometabolic disease risk factors, including obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and dyslipidemia, are associated with elevated oxidative stress biomarkers like oxylipins. Increased adiposity by itself induces various isomers of this oxidized lipid family, while dietary polyphenols show benefits in its regulation. Previously, we showed that specific co-abundant microorganisms characterized the gut microbiota of Colombians and associated differentially with diet, lifestyle, obesity, and cardiometabolic health status, which led us to hypothesize that urinary oxylipins would reflect the intensity of oxidative metabolism linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis. Thus, we selected a convenience sample of 105 participants (age: 40.2 ± 11.9 years, 47.6% women), grouped according to microbiota, cardiometabolic health status, and body mass index (BMI); and evaluated 33 urinary oxylipins by HPLC-QqQ-MS/MS (e.g., isoprostanes, prostaglandins, and metabolites), paired with anthropometry and blood chemistry information and dietary antioxidants estimated from a 24-h food recall. In general, oxylipins did not show differences among individuals who differed in gut microbiota. While the unmetabolized oxylipin levels were not associated with BMI, the total content of oxylipin metabolites was highest in obese and cardiometabolically abnormal subjects (e.g., insulin resistant), mainly by prostaglandin-D (2,3-dinor-11β-PGF) and 15-F-IsoPs (2,3-dinor-15-F-IsoP and 2,3-dinor-15-epi-15-F-IsoP) metabolites. The total polyphenol intake in this cohort was 1070 ± 627 mg/day. After adjusting for body weight, the polyphenol intake was significantly higher in lean than overweight and showed an inverse association with dinor-oxylipin levels in principal component analysis. These results suggest that the 2,3-dinor-oxylipins could be more specific biomarkers associated with BMI than their parent oxylipins and that are sensitive to be regulated by dietary antioxidants.The authors thank the volunteers who agreed to participate in this study, the Colombian Ministry of science, technology, and innovation (Minciencias; grant number 832-2018), and Grupo Empresarial Nutresa. They also thank the Ibero-American Programme for Science, Technology and Development (CYTED) – Action 112RT0460 CORNUCOPIA networ

The ecology of peace : preparing Colombia for new political and planetary climates

ABSTRACT: Colombia, one of the world’s most species-rich nations, is currently undergoing a profound social transition: the end of a decadeslong conflict with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, known as FARC. The peace agreement process will likely transform the country’s physical and socioeconomic landscapes at a time when humans are altering Earth’s atmosphere and climate in unprecedented ways. We discuss ways in which these transformative events will act in combination to shape the ecological and environmental future of Colombia. We also highlight the risks of creating perverse development incentives in these critical times, along with the potential benefits – for the country and the world – if Colombia can navigate through the peace process in a way that protects its own environment and ecosystems

Potential group B Streptococcus interspecies transmission between cattle and people in Colombian dairy farms

Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a leading cause of neonatal death and an emerging pathogen in adults. Additionally, GBS is a bovine pathogen causing intramammary infections. The likelihood of GBS interspecies transmission is largely unknown. We explored the potential transmission of GBS between cattle and people on dairy farms in Colombia and compared the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of isolates from both host species. Across 33 farms, throat swabs and rectal swabs were collected from 191 people, and rectal swabs and composite milk samples from 2092 cattle, yielding 60 human isolates and 301 bovine isolates. The majority (64%) of isolates belonged to shared sequence types (ST). Sequence type (ST) 1 was the most common strain in both host species, suggesting that interspecies transmission may be possible. Two members of the bovine-specific clonal complex 61/67 were detected in human samples (ST718 and ST1175), providing evidence for the lack of genuine species barriers. Apparent prevalence of penicillin resistance was surprisingly high in human and bovine isolates. Further investigation of this phenomenon is needed and could lead to modification of standard testing and treatment recommendations in human and veterinary medicine

From Geometry to Numerics: interdisciplinary aspects in mathematical and numerical relativity

This article reviews some aspects in the current relationship between mathematical and numerical General Relativity. Focus is placed on the description of isolated systems, with a particular emphasis on recent developments in the study of black holes. Ideas concerning asymptotic flatness, the initial value problem, the constraint equations, evolution formalisms, geometric inequalities and quasi-local black hole horizons are discussed on the light of the interaction between numerical and mathematical relativists.Comment: Topical review commissioned by Classical and Quantum Gravity. Discussion inspired by the workshop "From Geometry to Numerics" (Paris, 20-24 November, 2006), part of the "General Relativity Trimester" at the Institut Henri Poincare (Fall 2006). Comments and references added. Typos corrected. Submitted to Classical and Quantum Gravit