Estudio ambiental en el balneario “Parque La Yeguada” (Departamento de Treinta y Tres, Uruguay) en base a una comunidad de diatomeas perifíticas mezcladas con estructuras fibrosas de incierto origen: Environmental study at the the resort “La Yeguada Park” (Treinta y Tres Department, Uruguay) based on diatoms of the perifitic community mixed with fibrous structures of incertain origin

El parque y balneario La Yeguada se encuentra ubicado en el departamento de Treinta y Tres, Uruguay, sobre la ruta nacional N°7, por donde transcurre el arroyo La Yeguada, principal contribuyente del río Olimar. El arroyo es uno de los más atractivos elementos para el desarrollo del turismo en la zona, fundamentalmente en los meses de verano. Allí es posible observar una mezcla de elementos naturales y antrópicos que se conjugan revalorizando el lugar como una zona para recreación y descanso. Sin embargo, una prospección pormenorizada del lugar nos muestra la huella que ha dejado la interacción humana, impactando su fauna y flora.  En oportunidad de varias visitas realizadas al balneario durante  julio y agosto de 2022 se observaron masas de color marrón rojizo y aspecto muscíneo en la zona marinal del arroyo, que no había detectado previamente en el lugar, a pesar de ser un asiduo visitante. Con el objeto de conocer la naturaleza de dichas estructuras y de investigar si podían estar afectando el ecosistema, se tomaron muestras de agua y de sedimento de la zona litoral del arroyo para ser analizadas con microscopio óptico y Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (MEB). En el microscopio óptico las masas sedimentadas parecían contener estructuras fibrosas no detectables a simple vista. Mientras tanto, bajo MEB se detectó la presencia de varias especies de diatomeas que son frecuentes en cuerpos de agua dulce, entremezcladas con numerosas estructuras tubulares, transparentes y huecas, muy pequeñas (0,5 a 1 nm de diámetro), que de acuerdo a lo indicado por el análisis MEB-EDS (Espectroscopía de Energía Dispersada de Rayos X) presentan una composición química que incluye un alto contenido de Carbono. Desde el punto de vista taxonómico, tales estructuras fibrosas no pudieron relacionarse con ningún microorganismo conocido de las comunidades perifíticas. La principal contribución de esta investigación es el descubrimiento de diatomeas en cuerpos de agua dulce, entre las cuales se reconocen preliminarmente los taxones cf. Fragilaria sp, cf. Gomphonema sp., cf. Crapicula sp. y cf. Navicula sp., los cuales han sido reconocidos como tolerantes al herbicida glifosato y a ambientes con fuerte grado de eutrofización. Otro de los taxones preliminarmente identificado fueron cf. Encyonema sp. y  Pinnularia cf. schweinfurthi, pero esta última no se encontró asociada con nanotúbulos. La fuente de los eventuales estresores es discutible, podría estar asociada a la forestación artificial de campos situados a 2 km del Arroyo La Yeguada. Pero las bajas cuantificaciones de contaminantes halladas en el análisis MEB-EDS del agua sugieren que podrían existir relictos de aplicaciones previas realizadas en campos linderos privados. Una tercera fuente podrían ser los propios nanotúbulos de carbono hallados junto a las diatomeas. Es importante destacar que este es un estudio de carácter preliminar el cual deberá ser complementado con otros análisis que permitan una identificación más fidedigna de los microorganismos observados y en especial de las nano-fibras orgánicas, cuyo origen es aún incierto. Se resalta finalmente la importancia de la Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido como aplicable en los estudios ambientales que involucran monitoreos de nuestros recursos de agua dulce.&nbsp

New Advances on Modelling Control Processes applied to the Detection of Train Operations

In the main frame of the optimal control process has to be focused this work, where a methodology based on the performance of Genetic Algorithms to be used to search the appropriate knowledge base, defined in the sense of Fuzzy Logic, for the process controller. Two stages have to be considered to obtain the control system - Initial Stage and Conclusions Phase. First point search the control law for the reference functional point and defines design concepts and how to do it works. Second stage search allows adjusting the control action according to the dynamic of the process during its cycle-life

Integrated scalar and vector method for fire risk assessment of lifecycle construction

Los incendios son uno de los principales riesgos en el ámbito constructivo. Consecuencias como pérdidas materiales, interrupción de actividad o daños personales hacen que la evaluación del riesgo de incendio y el conocimiento del comportamiento de la construcción ante el fuego sean imprescindibles a la hora de disminuir la probabilidad de ocurrencia, prevenir efectos y minimizar consecuencias. Actualmente existen un conjunto de métodos convencionales (escalares) que cuantifican el nivel de riesgo y aportan diferentes medidas de protección. Además se encuentran en desarrollo métodos (vectoriales) de Modelado y Simulación Computacional que aportan información multidimensional. El presente trabajo establece un modelo para la integración de métodos escalares y vectoriales para conocer el desarrollo y evolución del incendio junto al nivel de riesgo no solo en la etapa de diseño de la instalación, sino en su ciclo de vida facilitando las tareas de ingenieros de proyectos y técnicos de prevención de riesgos laborales.Fire is one the main risks in the construction sector. Consequences as material losses, stoppage and possible personal damages cause the fire risk assessment and knowledge of building behaviour in fire situation are essential to prevent and minimize the consequences. Currently there are sets of conventional scalar methods that quantify the risk level and provide different protection standards. At the same time, procedures for Modelling and Computer Simulation of Fire based on vector methods are under development, which provide multidimensional information about the fire. The aim of this work is to establish an integration model of design and assessment with scalar and vector technics for increase the knowledge about the fire risk (both development and evolution processes), supply full information on the development of fire in all lifecycle stage’s installation. This model will support the task of Project Manager and Experts in prevention of occupational Risks

Propuesta simbiosis entre métodos clásicos de evaluación de riesgo de incendio y métodos de modelado y simulación computacional de incendios

Dentro de los métodos de evaluación de riesgo de incendio, cabe considerar los métodos escalares y vectoriales. En los primeros se establece un valor numérico (escalar) como indicador del riesgo aceptable y no aceptable, existiendo gran cantidad de métodos. En los métodos vectoriales se distingue entre los aleatorios y deterministas, estos últimos pueden ser de zona y de campo, los cuales permiten la simulación computacional de incendios aportando una gran cantidad de información, hecho del que deriva su nombre de vectorial. En el presente trabajo se hace una propuesta para llevar a cabo una evaluación conjunta (escalar-vectorial) del riesgo de incendio integrada en el ciclo de vida de la Construcción, facilitando las tareas de los ingenieros de proyectos y de los técnicos de prevención de riesgos laborales.Among the methods of fire risk assessment, it should consider the scalar and vector methods. In the first set a numeric value (scalar) as an indicator of acceptable and unacceptable risk, having lots of methods. In the vector methods distinguish between random and deterministic, the latter may be of zone and field, which allow computer simulation of fire providing a wealth of information, evidence of which derives its name from vector. A proposal is made in this paper to carry out a joint assessment (scalar-vector) integrated fire risk in the life cycle of the building, making easier the tasks of project engineers and technical risk prevention labor

Los equipos de trabajo y su rendimiento. Estudio de los equipos de trabajo en Fersa Bearings

Los equipos de trabajo estan pasando a ser cada vez mas importante en las empresas ya que el mercado cada vez es mas complejo y con mayor número de necesidades que atender. En este proyecto hemos escogido una empresa real, Fersa Bearings, a la cual le hemos analizado 3 departamentos diferentes, Recursos humanos, Calidad e I+D. Con estos departamentos hemos analizado los factores que pueden influenciar en el desarrollo del trabajo, ademas de hacer este análisis en dos sedes diferentes que está localizada la propia empresa, como es en España y en China

Assessment of time intervals in the pathway to oral cancer diagnosis in north-westerm Spain. Relative contribution of patient interval

Despite continuous advances in diagnosis and therapy, oral cancers are mostly diagnosed at advanced stages with minor survival improvements in the last two decades. Both phenomena have been attributed to delays in the diagnosis. This study aims at quantifying the time elapsed until definitive diagnosis in these patients and the patient interval?s contribution. A hospital-based, ambispective, observational study was undertaken on incident cases with a pathological diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma recruited during 2015 at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery services of CHUAC (A Coruña) and POVISA (Vigo) hospitals. 74 consecutive oral cancer patients (59.5% males; median age: 65.0 years (IQ:57-74)) were studied. Most cases (52.7%; n=39) were at advanced stages (TNM III-IV) at diagnosis. The period since first sign/symptom until the patient seeks health care was the longest interval in the pathway to diagnosis and treatment (median: 31.5 days; IQR= 7.0 ? 61.0) and represents >60% of the interval since symptom onset until referral to specialised care (pre-referral interval). The average interval assigned to the patient resulted to be relatively larger than the time elapsed since the patient is seen at primary care until a definitive diagnosis is reached (diagnostic interval). Median of the referral interval for primary care professionals: 6.5 days (IQR= 0.0 ? 49.2) and accounts for 35% (19% - 51%) of the diagnostic interval. The patient interval is the main component of the pathway to treatment since the detection of a bodily change until the definitive diagnosis. Therefore, strategies focused on risk groups to shorten this interval should be implemented in order to ease an early diagnosis of symptomatic oral cancer

Periodontitis is associated with subclinical cerebral and carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive patients: A cross‑sectional study

Objective: To examine the relationship between periodontitis and subclinical intracranial atherosclerosis. The association of periodontitis with preclinical markers of atherosclerosis in other vascular territories was also explored. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study where 97 elderly subjects with a previous history of hypertension received an ultrasonographic evaluation to assess subclinical atherosclerosis in different vascular territories: (1) cerebral [pulsatility (PI) and resistance index (RI) of the middle cerebral artery], (2) carotid [intima-media thickness (IMT)], and (3) peripheral [ankle-brachial index (ABI)]. Additionally, participants underwent a full-mouth periodontal assessment together with blood sample collection to determine levels of inflammatory biomarkers (leukocytes, fibrinogen, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate), lipid fractions (total cholesterol and high- and low-density lipoprotein), and glucose. Results: Sixty-one individuals had periodontitis. Compared to subjects without periodontitis, those with periodontitis showed higher values of PI (1.24 ± 0.29 vs 1.01 ± 0.16), RI (0.70 ± 0.14 vs 0.60 ± 0.06), and IMT (0.94 ± 0.15 vs 0.79 ± 0.15) (all p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were found neither for ABI or for other clinical and biochemical parameters. An independent association was found between periodontitis and increased intracranial atherosclerosis (ORadjusted = 10.16; 95% CI: 3.14-32.90, p < 0.001) and to a lesser extent with thicker carotid IMT (ORadjusted = 4.10; 95% CI: 1.61-10.48, p = 0.003). Conclusions: Periodontitis is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in both intracranial and carotid arteries in elderly subjects with hypertension. Clinical relevance: The association of periodontitis with intracranial atherosclerosis implies that periodontitis patients might have greater chances to develop ischemic stroke in the futureOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This study was partially supported by grants from the Xunta de Galicia (TS: IN607A2018/3 and TS: IN607D 2020/09), Spanish Ministry of Science (TS: RTI2018-102165-B-I00 and RTC2019-007373-1), Institute of Health Carlos III (PI22/00938), and RICOR-ICTUS Network (RD21/0006/003). Furthermore, this study was also supported by grants from the Interreg Atlantic Area (TS: EAPA_791/2018_ NeuroATLANTIC project), Interreg V-A España Portugal (POCTEP) (TS: 0624_2IQBIONEURO_6_E), and the European Regional Development Fund. YL is supported by a Sara Borrell fellowship (CD22/00051), and TS (CPII17/00027) and FC (CPII19/00020) are recipients of Miguel Servet contracts, all of them funded by the Institute of Health Carlos IIIS

Assessment and integrated management of moisture associated skin damages (masd): consensus review

Objetivo: Determinar qué tipos de LESCAH hay, como identificarlas y valorarlas; así como saber cuál es la mejor práctica clínica y de cuidados para prevenirlas y tratarlas. Método: Estudio observacional descriptivo de revisión bibliográfica. Lectura crítica por medio de la técnica de grupo nominal y revisión de consenso por panel de expertos Resultados: Las LESCAH son el resultado de un modelo multicausal provocado por 3 factores determinantes (exceso de humedad, irritación física e irritación química sobre la piel). Se identificaron 6 tipos de LESCAH, siendo la Escala Visual del Eritema (EVE) y la SubEscala de la Humedad de Braden (SHB) las más utilizadas para su gradación y valoración del riesgo. Las recomendaciones sobre su prevención y tratamiento se dirigen hacia un correcto cuidado e higiene de la piel, el uso de cremas barrera, la formación del profesional y la educación sanitaria del paciente y familiares. Conclusiones: Debemos empezar a tomar conciencia de las LESCAH (diferenciándolas de otros tipos de lesiones), a fin de estandarizar procesos asistenciales y de cuidado, en busca de visibilizar el problema y su abordaje valoración y manejo integral.Objective: Determine what types of MASD there are, as identify and appraise them; as well as to know what the best clinical practice is and care to prevent and treat it. Methods: Descriptive observational study of bibliographic review. Critical reading through the nominal group technique and review of consensus by expert panel. Results: The MASD are the result of a multicausal model caused by 3 determinants (excess moisture, physical irritation and chemical irritation on the skin). We identified 6 types of MASD, being the Visual Scale of erythema and the subscale of the humidity of Braden the most used for its gradation and assessment of risk. Recommendations on its prevention and treatment are directed toward a proper care and hygiene of the skin, the use of barrier creams, professional training and health education of the patient and family. Conclusions: We must start to take conscience of the MASD (opposed to other type of injury), in order to standardize processes and care, search of increase the visibility of the problem and its valuation approach and integrated management.Enfermerí

Relationship among Streptococcus gallolyticus Subsp. gallolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis and Colorectal Neoplasms in Recurrent Endocarditis: A Historical Case Series.

Objectives: The role of colorectal neoplasms (CRN) as a common potential source of recurrent Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus (SGG) and Enterococcus faecalis (EF) endocarditis remains unstudied. We aimed to investigate what proportion of episodes of recurrent endocarditis are caused by a succession of SGG and EF, or vice versa, and to assess the role of a colonic source in such recurrent episodes. Methods: we conducted a retrospective analysis of two prospective endocarditis cohorts (1979-2019) from two Spanish hospitals, providing descriptive analyses of the major features of the endocarditis episodes, colonoscopy findings, and histologic results. Results: among 1552 IE episodes, 204 (13.1%) were caused by EF and 197 (12.7%) by SGG, respectively. There were 155 episodes (10%) of recurrent IE, 20 of which (12.9%) were due to a succession of SGG/EF IE in 10 patients (the first episode caused by SGG in eight cases, and by EF in two cases). The median follow-up was 86 (interquartile range 34-156) months. In 8/10 initial episodes, the causative microorganism was SGG, and all patients were diagnosed with CRN either during the initial episode or during follow-up. During the second episode of IE or follow-up, colonoscopies revealed CRN in six patients. Conclusions: There seems to be an association between SGG and EF in recurrent endocarditis that warrants further investigation. Our findings reinforce the need for systematically performing colonoscopy in the event of endocarditis caused by both microorganisms

Wearable Technology for Assessment and Surgical Assistance in Minimally Invasive Surgery

Wearable technology is an emerging field that has the potential to revolutionize healthcare. Advances in sensors, augmented reality devices, the internet of things, and artificial intelligence offer clinically relevant and promising functionalities in the field of surgery. Apart from its well-known benefits for the patient, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is a technically demanding surgical discipline for the surgeon. In this regard, wearable technology has been used in various fields of application in MIS such as the assessment of the surgeon’s ergonomic conditions, interaction with the patient or the quality of surgical performance, as well as in providing tools for surgical planning and assistance during surgery. The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview based on the scientific literature and our experience regarding the use of wearable technology in MIS, both in experimental and clinical settings