Tipología estructural de los corrales tradicionales de barro en el Páramo de León

Una de las construcciones agrarias tradicionales peninsulares más emblemáticas es la casa de corral, caracterizada por disponer sus partes en torno a un espacio descubierto. De entre todos los tipos de casas de corral, quizá una de las más típicas sea la existente en la comarca del Páramo de León, que pertenece a la denominada arquitectura del barro castellana. Sus pueblos y construcciones son representativas del tipo general de la Meseta Central, abundando los edificios de adobe y tapial. Sus edificaciones muestran pocos huecos a la calle, volcándose la casa hacia el interior del corral

A hybrid photogrammetry approach for archaeological sites: Block alignment issues in a case study (the Roman camp of A Cidadela)

This is the accepted manuscript of the following article: Arza-García, M., Gil-Docampo, M., & Ortiz-Sanz, J. (2019). A hybrid photogrammetry approach for archaeological sites: Block alignment issues in a case study (the Roman camp of A Cidadela). Journal Of Cultural Heritage. doi: 10.1016/j.culher.2019.01.001Photogrammetry is a cost-effective and versatile technique used for the threedimensional (3D) registration of archaeological heritage sites. Managing datasets of heterogeneous images in terms of camera type, elevation platform, position or acquisition time can now be addressed by structure from motion (SfM) software via bundle adjustment in a single block based on collinearity principles. This development enables new possibilities with regard to data completeness assurance for 3D documentation, even for complex sites with occlusive elements and hidden areas. However, hybrid photogrammetry in large datasets often requires multiple photogrammetric blocks that must be processed individually and subsequently aligned to obtain a unified point cloud. In this paper, we discuss the steps required to homogenize the information and the methods used to perform block alignment in these cases. A case study of low-altitude aerial photogrammetry with several cameras and platforms is presented for the Roman camp of A Cidadela in NW Spain as a representative example of an archaeological site that is difficult to survey using a single photogrammetric platform. The relatively large expanse of the area and the fact that it is partially covered by a protective structure constitute an ideal framework for the fusion of multiplatform imagery. The most accurate digital surface model (DSM) was obtained via point-based method fusion, during which subsets are aligned based on automatically extracted tie points (TPs) between the dense point clouds; however, point-based method fusion is very time consuming. When hardware capabilities allow, conducting the process in a single block is preferable, which is a noticeably more accurate procedure than independent block fusionThe study was supported by Xunta de Galicia under the "Financial aid for the consolidation and structure of competitive units of investigation in the universities of the University Galician System (2016-18)" grant Ref. ED431B 2016/030 and Ref. ED341D R2016/023. The authors thank all project partners and collaborators. We would especially like to thank Dr. Santiago Martínez, PhD, for the technical support and IRIS UAV Services S.L. for conducting the flightS

Impacto producido por las construcciones agrarias sobre el paisaje: una metodología para su estimación

In this paper it will be exposed part of the work carried out to develop a method to assess the visual impact of agricultural buildings, which is devised for those professionals who are involved in the protection of the landscape. After the experiments carried out, it seems confirmed that the method can faithfully predict the public opinion about the quality of the landscape; that after a short learning period (about ten hours), it can be correctly applied by any technician; the method also permits the rating if the impact that this and other kinds of buildings will have on the landscape.<br><br>En el presente artículo se expone parte del trabajo realizado para desarrollar un método que permita cuantificar el impacto visual producido por las construcciones agrarias en el paisaje, destinado a aquellos profesionales implicados en su protección. Tras los ensayos realizados, parece confirmarse que el método puede predecir fielmente la opinión del público en cuanto a la calidad del paisaje; que tras un corto período de aprendizaje (en torno a diez horas), cualquier técnico es capaz de aplicarlo correctamente; y que permite puntuar el impacto que sobre el paisaje producen éste y otros tipos de instalaciones, permitiendo también predecirlo en la fase de diseño

Impacto producido por las construcciones agrarias sobre el paisaje: una metodología para su estimación

In this paper it will be exposed part of the work carried out to develop a method to assess the visual impact of agricultural buildings, which is devised for those professionals who are involved in the protection of the landscape. After the experiments carried out, it seems confirmed that the method can faithfully predict the public opinion about the quality of the landscape; that after a short learning period (about ten hours), it can be correctly applied by any technician; the method also permits the rating if the impact that this and other kinds of buildings will have on the landscape.En el presente artículo se expone parte del trabajo realizado para desarrollar un método que permita cuantificar el impacto visual producido por las construcciones agrarias en el paisaje, destinado a aquellos profesionales implicados en su protección. Tras los ensayos realizados, parece confirmarse que el método puede predecir fielmente la opinión del público en cuanto a la calidad del paisaje; que tras un corto período de aprendizaje (en torno a diez horas), cualquier técnico es capaz de aplicarlo correctamente; y que permite puntuar el impacto que sobre el paisaje producen éste y otros tipos de instalaciones, permitiendo también predecirlo en la fase de diseño

Virtual Globes for UAV-based data integration: Sputnik GIS and Google Earth™ applications

“This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in International Journal of Digital Earth on 03 May 2018, available online: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17538947.2018.1470205"The integration of local measurements and monitoring via global-scale Earth observations has become a new challenge in digital Earth science. The increasing accessibility and ease of use of virtual globes (VGs) represent primary advantages of this integration, and the digital Earth scientific community has adopted this technology as one of the main methods for disseminating the results of scientific studies. In this study, the best VG software for the dissemination and analysis of high-resolution UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) data is identified for global and continuous geographic scope support. The VGs Google Earth and Sputnik Geographic Information System (GIS) are selected and compared for this purpose. Google Earth is a free platform and one of the most widely used VGs, and one of its best features its ability to provide users with quality visual results. The proprietary software Sputnik GIS more closely approximates the analytical capacity of a traditional GIS and provides outstanding advantages, such as DEM overlapping and visualization for its disseminationThis work was supported by Xunta de Galicia under the Grant “Financial aid for the consolidation and structure of competitive units of investigation in the universities of the University Galician System (2016-18)” (Ref. ED431B 2016/030 and Ref. ED341D R2016/023). The authors also acknowledge support provided by “Realización de vuelos virtuales en las parcelas del proyecto Green deserts LIFE09 / ENV/ES / 000447”S

IR Thermography from UAVs to Monitor Thermal Anomalies in the Envelopes of Traditional Wine Cellars: Field Test

Infrared thermography (IRT) techniques for building inspection are currently becoming increasingly popular as non-destructive methods that provide valuable information about surface temperature (ST) and ST contrast (delta-T). With the advent of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-mounted thermal cameras, IRT technology is now endowed with improved flexibility from an aerial perspective for the study of building envelopes. A case study cellar in Northwest (NW) Spain is used to assess the capability and reliability of low-altitude passive IRT in evaluating a typical semi-buried building. The study comparatively assesses the use of a pole-mounted FLIR B335 camera and a drone-mounted FLIR Vue Pro R camera for this purpose. Both tested IRT systems demonstrate good e ectiveness in detecting thermal anomalies (e.g., thermal bridges, air leakages, constructive singularities, and moisture in the walls of the cellar) but pose some di culties in performing accurate ST measurements under real operating conditions. Working with UAVs gives great flexibility for the inspection, but the angle of view strongly influences the radiometric data captured and must be taken into account to avoid disturbances due to specular reflections.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities under the National Programme for Research Aimed at the Challenges of Society grant for the project “Bioclimatic Design Strategies in Wine Cellars as Nearly Zero-Energy Building Models” [BIA2014-54291-R]S

DEM shading method for the correction of pseudoscopic effect on multi-platform satellite imagery

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in GIScience & Remote Sensing on 2014, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/15481603.2014.988433The pseudoscopic effect in satellite imagery causes perception problems for rugged terrain. The topographic relief is perceived in reverse in images with southeast illumination because of the position of land shadows and the mechanisms of human vision and depth perception. This article presents a correction method for false topographic perception phenomena. Superposition of the orthoimage and the correctly shaded digital elevation model (DEM) provides the correct three-dimensional visualization of the relief. This study demonstrates the applicability of this processing technique for the correction of such effects to provide cartography with a more useful interpretation. The resolution of the DEM employed should be in accordance with the spatial resolution of each image. The opacity level proposed for the overlapping DEM is 50%, 30% and 45% for each image type. The selection of the most appropriate local incidence angle is determined by the level of terrain roughness in the work areaWe want to thank the Galician Territorial Information System (SITGA) for the images and the cartographic material provided for the realization of this workS

A World Wide Web-Based Practice That Disseminates Photogrammetry. Inspiring secondary students to pursue geomatics careers

This is the accepted version of a manuscript published in IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine. ISSN: 2168-6831. https://doi.org/10.1109/MGRS.2018.2876565The D3MOBILE Metrology World League was established in 2013 with the aim of encouraging curiosity and interest in science, and particularly geoscience, in the secondary students of grades ISCED 1 and 2. Presented as an international championship, D3MOBILE introduces students to the discipline of photogrammetry through the e-learning methodology concept. The use of well-known technologies by the pupils, such as their own mobile devices (smartphones or tablets), allows us to develop educational procedures that are attractive and challenging for them. All the work that we propose for the participants is presented in a scientific, technical, and professional language but in a more interactive format than traditional textbooks or theoretical classes. The proposed challenges provide students with the opportunity to establish their own learning objectives, work as a team and take responsibility for their work. This paper addresses the experience, from an educational perspective, carried out by our research group CIGEO (Civil Engineering and Geomatics) during the organization of the first five editions of this international “concept submission competition”. During this period, we tried to create and improve a project-based learning (PBL) methodology that can be adapted to e-learning and daily classwork at the high school level, which can be easily implemented regardless of the number of participants and can be implemented anywhere in the world. The obtained results demonstrate the potential of alternative teaching methods combined with new technologies to engage students in science learning and improve the perception of the geosciences as a job opportunityWe thankfully acknowledge the financial support from FECYT—Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (FCT 12-3495; FCT 13-5961; FCT 14-8038; FCT 15-9481); and Xunta de Galicia (ED431B22016/030; ED341DR2016/023). We would also like to thank our large number of sponsors and collaborators: Universia, BQ, Autodesk, National Geographic Institute (IGN), City Council of Lugo, Provincial Council of Lugo, Spanish Center of Metrology (CEM), Fundación Vodafone, CEAPA, City Council of La Coruña, Fundación Barrié, ANPE, CSI-F, Fundación Comforp, PCE, Univ. Tecnológica Nacional (Argentina), Fundacion Mujeres, EDUCACION 3.0. and likely even more entities. Finally, we would like to thank the schoolteachers and students whose work and dedication allowed this project to achieve its objectivesS

Evaluación del impacto paisajístico producido por las acequias de riego y los depósitos para abastecimiento de agua mediante el uso de técnicas de simulación

The visual impact of hydraulic structures, both longitudinal and puntual, on the landscape is an aspect which is not generally regarded on their design. In this paper the visual effect of this kind of constructions will be analyzed, having as subject of study some irrigation canals and tanks for municipal water supply. As for the former, it seems they cause a very small impact, specially when the landscape is degraded. Consequences are much more perceptible in the later, particularly if typologies and materials incompatible with the landscape are chosen.El impacto visual producido en el paisaje por las estructuras hidráulicas, tanto longitudinales como puntuales, es un aspecto que rara vez se considera en su diseño. Tomando como muestra de estudio algunas de las acequias de riego y los depósitos para abastecimiento de agua en el Páramo de León, se analiza en el presente artículo el efecto visual de este tipo de construcciones. En cuanto a las primeras, parece que suponen un impacto muy reducido, sobre todo cuando el paisaje se encuentra degradado. Las consecuencias son mucho más claras en el caso de los segundos, máxime cuando se opta por tipologías y materiales poco compatibles con el paisaje