2,498 research outputs found
Understanding the gender and ethnicity attainment gap in UK higher education
In recent years the success rates of different groups of students in higher education (HE), have come under considerable scrutiny, with gender and ethnicity identified as key attributes predicting differential achievement of āgood degreesā. A review of previous studies highlights the need for research which looks beyond āthe deficit modelā to explain the attainment gap. This research used a mixed-methods approach to explore the academic and social experiences of students, as well as lecturersā views on student achievement, in one UK University. Findings suggest that there are significant differences in motivation and confidence speaking English for different ethnic groups in this study, and a divergence in attendance and study time by gender ā both of which may go some way to helping understand the gaps in attainment. In addition, male and BME students tended to over-estimate their likelihood of achieving a good degree outcome, compared to other groups
Is there any room for the doctrine of fundamental rights of states in today's international law?
This article serves as a general substantive introduction to the special issue on the fundamental
rights of states in international law. It introduces the concept in theoretical and doctrinal terms, and
lays out the questions that will be addressed by the contributions to the special issue. These questions
include: 1) What do attributes like āinherentā, āinalienableā and āpermanentā mean with regard to
state rights?; 2) Do they lead to identifying a unitary distinct category of fundamental rights of
states?; 3) If so, what is their source and legal character?; 4) What are their legal implications, eg,
when they come into conflict with other obligations of the right holder or with the actions of other
states and international organisations?; and ultimately, 5) Is there still room in todayās international
law for a doctrine of āfundamentalā rights of states? The article reviews the fundamental rights of
states in positive law sources and in international legal scholarship, and identifies the reasons for
a renaissance of attention for this doctrine
Buckling without bending: a new paradigm in morphogenesis
A curious feature of organ and organoid morphogenesis is that in certain
cases, spatial oscillations in the thickness of the growing "film" are
out-of-phase with the deformation of the slower-growing "substrate," while in
other cases, the oscillations are in-phase. The former cannot be explained by
elastic bilayer instability, and contradict the notion that there is a
universal mechanism by which brains, intestines, teeth, and other organs
develop surface wrinkles and folds. Inspired by the microstructure of the
embryonic cerebellum, we develop a new model of 2d morphogenesis in which
system-spanning elastic fibers endow the organ with a preferred radius, while a
separate fiber network resides in the otherwise fluid-like film at the outer
edge of the organ and resists thickness gradients thereof. The tendency of the
film to uniformly thicken or thin is described via a "growth potential".
Several features of cerebellum, +blebbistatin organoid, and retinal fovea
morphogenesis, including out-of-phase behavior and a film thickness amplitude
that is comparable to the radius amplitude, are readily explained by our simple
analytical model, as may be an observed scale-invariance in the number of folds
in the cerebellum. We also study a nonlinear variant of the model, propose
further biological and bio-inspired applications, and address how our model is
and is not unique to the developing nervous system.Comment: version accepted by Physical Review
The unique chemistry of Eastern Mediterranean water masses selects for distinct microbial communities by depth
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
The problem of cooling an air-cooled cylinder on an aircraft engine
An analysis of the cooling problem has been to show by what means the cooling of an air-cooled aircraft engine may be improved. Each means of improving cooling is analyzed on the basis of effectiveness in cooling with respect to power for cooling. The altitude problem is analyzed for both supercharged and unsupercharged engines. The case of ground cooling is also discussed. The heat-transfer process from the hot gases to the cylinder wall is discussed on the basis of the fundamentals of heat transfer and thermodynamics. Adiabatic air-temperature rise at a stagnation point in compressible flow is shown to depend only on the velocity of flow
Experimental Investigation of the Robinson-Type Cup Anemometer
This report presents the results of wind tunnel tests on a Robinson-type anemometer. The investigation covered force measurements on individual cups, as well as static and dynamic torque measurements and calibrations on complete cup wheels. In the tests on individual cups 5 cup forms were used and in the measurements on complete cup wheels 4 cup wheels with 3 arm lengths for each cup wheel were tested. All the results are presented in graphical form
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