Diurnal Regulation of Lipid Metabolism and Applications of Circadian Lipidomics

AbstractThe circadian timing system plays a key role in orchestrating lipid metabolism. In concert with the solar cycle, the circadian system ensures that daily rhythms in lipid absorption, storage, and transport are temporally coordinated with rest-activity and feeding cycles. At the cellular level, genes involved in lipid synthesis and fatty acid oxidation are rhythmically activated and repressed by core clock proteins in a tissue-specific manner. Consequently, loss of clock gene function or misalignment of circadian rhythms with feeding cycles (e.g., in shift work) results in impaired lipid homeostasis. Herein, we review recent progress in circadian rhythms research using lipidomics, i.e., large-scale profiling of lipid metabolites, to characterize circadian-regulated lipid pathways in mammals. In mice, novel regulatory circuits involved in fatty acid metabolism have been identified in adipose tissue, liver, and muscle. Extensive diversity in circadian regulation of plasma lipids has also been revealed in humans using lipidomics and other metabolomics approaches. In future studies, lipidomics platforms will be increasingly used to better understand the effects of genetic variation, shift work, food intake, and drugs on circadian-regulated lipid pathways and metabolic health

Statistical Analysis of Detonation Stability

As detonations are being implemented into modern combustion technologies to benefit from the efficiency gain, their properties need to be fully characterized. Of main interest is hydrocarbon fuels given the substantially higher energy density over hydrogen. In thin channels detonations have been known to appear nominally 2D allowing for higher detail line-of-sight imaging techniques. Many studies have investigated hydrocarbon detonations in this mode but have not evaluated the consistency of the key detonation properties. A statistical approach is used in this study by using ensemble averaging over many realizations of the detonation to determine these properties. The experimental data was collected by igniting a pre-mixed Methane-Oxygen-Nitrogen mixture in a confined channel. The detonating wave travels through a converging section to reduce the channel width to the test condition. The detonation is then observed through a combination of high-speed schlieren imaging and a pressure transducer array. This data is then processed to provide quantified statistics for the detonation cell size, Chapman-Jouguet velocity and pressure, and the Von-Neumann pressure spike helping to further the understanding of detonations

Linguistic liberalism: Ethnography, property, northern Australia, and the making of the endangered language, 1919–1992

Throughout the history of the European colonial enterprise, the ensemble of motivations, working assumptions, and day-to-day practical activities implicated in linguists\u27 efforts to map the dialect geography and reconstruct the linguistic genealogy of colonized populations was intertwined with the ensemble of motivations, assumptions, and practices implicated in publicists\u27 efforts to devise a system for the creation, distribution, and protection of property in colonized places. No place better illustrates this overlap of linguistics and law than Australia, where the historical interplay of field linguistics and legal liberalism reverberates through present-day efforts at land claims adjudication and indigenous cultural revitalization. Contemporary common law approaches to decolonization in settler states reflect an emerging principle of non-territorial sovereignty predicated on the specification of terms of access to semiotic resources. This shift in legal understandings of sovereignty reflects in turn the dialogue between anthropological linguistics and law. Linguistic fieldwork has shaped the common law of aboriginal title, providing criteria for assessing claimants\u27 membership in land-holding collectivities, the continuity over time of indigenous political institutions, and the endangered status of communities defined by semiotic institutions

Linguistic liberalism: Ethnography, property, northern Australia, and the making of the endangered language, 1919–1992

Throughout the history of the European colonial enterprise, the ensemble of motivations, working assumptions, and day-to-day practical activities implicated in linguists\u27 efforts to map the dialect geography and reconstruct the linguistic genealogy of colonized populations was intertwined with the ensemble of motivations, assumptions, and practices implicated in publicists\u27 efforts to devise a system for the creation, distribution, and protection of property in colonized places. No place better illustrates this overlap of linguistics and law than Australia, where the historical interplay of field linguistics and legal liberalism reverberates through present-day efforts at land claims adjudication and indigenous cultural revitalization. Contemporary common law approaches to decolonization in settler states reflect an emerging principle of non-territorial sovereignty predicated on the specification of terms of access to semiotic resources. This shift in legal understandings of sovereignty reflects in turn the dialogue between anthropological linguistics and law. Linguistic fieldwork has shaped the common law of aboriginal title, providing criteria for assessing claimants\u27 membership in land-holding collectivities, the continuity over time of indigenous political institutions, and the endangered status of communities defined by semiotic institutions

Relationship between group synchrony of movement and different features of the music.

<p>Values over the duration of the music set are plotted for intersubject phase synchronization and metrical centroid or speed of pulsations, metrical strength or clarity of pulsations, spectral irregularity or variability, sensory dissonance or roughness, and high-frequency spectral flux or liveliness.</p

Song synchrony and music popularity.

<p>Song synchrony and music popularity.</p

Musical Correlates of Group Synchrony in a Real-World Club Environment

Data from the dance club acquisition and the reliability test session<br

Relationship between group synchrony of movement and song popularity.

<p>Play counts from music websites and applications for each song are plotted against their average intersubject phase synchronization values.</p