Calidad sobre la Información de Salud y Cáncer en Internet.

Internet es una fuente de información que cada día es utilizada por miles de personas para consultar temas de salud, y especialmente, sobre cáncer. La Conselleria de Sanitat a través del"Plan oncológico de la Comunitat Valenciana 20072010" orienta y define la política sanitaria frente al cáncer en nuestro territorio durante este periodo. Entre sus ejes de actuación básica se encuentra el apoyo al desarrollo continuado del Sistema de Información sobre Cáncer. Esta información es de gran importancia a la hora de conseguir una participación informada de la población en la toma de decisiones que afectan a su salud, contribuyendo además, a su alfabetización digital en salud, objetivo prioritario de la UNESCO para el desarrollo de los todos los países. El problema es que esta información se presenta en tal cantidad que valorar la calidad de la misma llega a ser un problema para quienes buscan y reclaman herramientas que les ayuden a seleccionar estos contenidos. Con el fin de proporcionar a la población herramientas con las que alcanzar este objetivo se presenta el siguiente informe en el que se muestra el diseño y elaboración de una Guía de Ayuda a la Lectura para Información sobre Cáncer para la población

Electronic and Geometric Corrugation of Periodically Rippled, Self-nanostructured Graphene Epitaxially Grown on Ru(0001)

Graphene epitaxially grown on Ru(0001) displays a remarkably ordered pattern of hills and valleys in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) images. To which extent the observed "ripples" are structural or electronic in origin have been much disputed recently. A combination of ultrahigh resolution STM images and Helium Atom diffraction data shows that i) the graphene lattice is rotated with respect to the lattice of Ru and ii) the structural corrugation as determined from He diffraction is substantially smaller (0.015 nm) than predicted (0.15 nm) or reported from X-Ray Diffraction or Low Energy Electron Diffraction. The electronic corrugation, on the contrary, is strong enough to invert the contrast between hills and valleys above +2.6 V as new, spatially localized electronic states enter the energy window of the STM. The large electronic corrugation results in a nanostructured periodic landscape of electron and holes pockets.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure

Conocimientos sobre sexualidad y su influencia en el embarazo en adolescentes

Introducción: El embarazo en la adolescencia es en la actualidad un problema de salud que genera serias consecuencias personales, sociales y económicas, con repercusión en la salud individual, familiar y colectiva. Objetivo: Identificar los conocimientos sobre la sexualidad y su influencia en el embarazo en la adolescencia. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico, transversal, en un universo de 80 adolescentes de 15 a 19 años del Equipo Urbano de Salud 23 Latacunga, a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta sobre sexualidad y métodos anticonceptivos; los datos fueron procesados en el programa SPSS, el análisis se realizó mediante el test de Chi Cuadrado con un nivel de significación de p<0.05. Resultados: La mayoría de los adolescentes presentó conocimientos insuficientes sobre sexualidad (n=50 62.5%). El inicio de las relaciones sexuales predominó a los 15 años (n=11 13.7%); el uso de métodos anticonceptivos en la primera relación sexual fue bajo (n=30 37.5%); el método anticonceptivo más utilizado fue el condón con un (n=22 27.5%), a continuación, se ubicaron los anticonceptivos naturales.  Conclusiones: Predominó el desconocimiento sobre sexualidad y métodos anticonceptivos, a la vez fue temprano el inicio de la vida sexual con un poco utilización de métodos de anticoncepción

Sleep patterns, sleep disorders and mammographic density in spanish women: The DDM-Spain/Var-DDM study

[EN] We explored the relationship between sleep patterns and sleep disorders and mammographic density (MD), a marker of breast cancer risk. Participants in the DDM-Spain/var-DDM study, which included 2878 middle-aged Spanish women, were interviewed via telephone and asked questions on sleep characteristics. Two radiologists assessed MD in their left craneo-caudal mammogram, assisted by a validated semiautomatic-computer tool (DM-scan). We used log-transformed percentage MD as the dependent variable and fitted mixed linear regression models, including known confounding variables. Our results showed that neither sleeping patterns nor sleep disorders were associated with MD. However, women with frequent changes in their bedtime due to anxiety or depression had higher MD (e¿:1.53;95%CI:1.04¿2.26).This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness - Carlos III Institute of Health (ISCIII) (FI14CIII/00013, FIS PI060386 & PS09/0790), from the Spanish Federation of Breast Cancer Patients (FECMA 485 EPY 1170-10), Gent per Gent Fund (EDEMAC Project), the EPY1306/06 collaboration agreement between Astra-Zeneca and the ISCIII and partially funded by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER)Pedraza-Flechas, AM.; Lope, V.; Moreo, P.; Ascunce, N.; Miranda-García, J.; Vidal, C.; Sánchez-Contador, C.... (2017). Sleep patterns, sleep disorders and mammographic density in spanish women: The DDM-Spain/Var-DDM study. Maturitas. 99:105-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.02.015S1051089

Evaluation of mammographic density patterns: reproducibility and concordance among scales

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Increased mammographic breast density is a moderate risk factor for breast cancer. Different scales have been proposed for classifying mammographic density. This study sought to assess intra-rater agreement for the most widely used scales (Wolfe, Tabár, BI-RADS and Boyd) and compare them in terms of classifying mammograms as high- or low-density.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The study covered 3572 mammograms drawn from women included in the DDM-Spain study, carried-out in seven Spanish Autonomous Regions. Each mammogram was read by an expert radiologist and classified using the Wolfe, Tabár, BI-RADS and Boyd scales. In addition, 375 mammograms randomly selected were read a second time to estimate intra-rater agreement for each scale using the kappa statistic. Owing to the ordinal nature of the scales, weighted kappa was computed. The entire set of mammograms (3572) was used to calculate agreement among the different scales in classifying high/low-density patterns, with the kappa statistic being computed on a pair-wise basis. High density was defined as follows: percentage of dense tissue greater than 50% for the Boyd, "heterogeneously dense and extremely dense" categories for the BI-RADS, categories P2 and DY for the Wolfe, and categories IV and V for the Tabár scales.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There was good agreement between the first and second reading, with weighted kappa values of 0.84 for Wolfe, 0.71 for Tabár, 0.90 for BI-RADS, and 0.92 for Boyd scale. Furthermore, there was substantial agreement among the different scales in classifying high- versus low-density patterns. Agreement was almost perfect between the quantitative scales, Boyd and BI-RADS, and good for those based on the observed pattern, i.e., Tabár and Wolfe (kappa 0.81). Agreement was lower when comparing a pattern-based (Wolfe or Tabár) versus a quantitative-based (BI-RADS or Boyd) scale. Moreover, the Wolfe and Tabár scales classified more mammograms in the high-risk group, 46.61 and 37.32% respectively, while this percentage was lower for the quantitative scales (21.89% for BI-RADS and 21.86% for Boyd).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Visual scales of mammographic density show a high reproducibility when appropriate training is provided. Their ability to distinguish between high and low risk render them useful for routine use by breast cancer screening programs. Quantitative-based scales are more specific than pattern-based scales in classifying populations in the high-risk group.</p

Erratun: G-force induced giant efficiency of nanoparticles internalization into living cells

The original version of this Article contained a typographical error in the spelling of the author Jose Luis F. Cuñado, which was incorrectly given as Jose Luis, F. Cuñad

Semi-automated and fully automated mammographic density measurement and breast cancer risk prediction

The task of breast density quantification is becoming increasingly relevant due to its association with breast cancer risk. In this work, a semi-automated and a fully automated tools to assess breast density from full-field digitized mammograms are presented. The first tool is based on a supervised interactive thresholding procedure for segmenting dense from fatty tissue and is used with a twofold goal: for assessing mammographic density(MD) in a more objective and accurate way than via visual-based methods and for labeling the mammograms that are later employed to train the fully automated tool. Although most automated methods rely on supervised approaches based on a global labeling of the mammogram, the proposed method relies on pixel-level labeling, allowing better tissue classification and density measurement on a continuous scale. The fully automated method presented combines a classification scheme based on local features and thresholding operations that improve the performance of the classifier. A dataset of 655 mammograms was used to test the concordance of both approaches in measuring MD. Three expert radiologists measured MD in each of the mammograms using the semi-automated tool (DM-Scan). It was then measured by the fully automated system and the correlation between both methods was computed. The relation between MD and breast cancer was then analyzed using a case-control dataset consisting of 230 mammograms. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was used to compute reliability among raters and between techniques. The results obtained showed an average ICC = 0.922 among raters when using the semi-automated tool, whilst the average correlation between the semi-automated and automated measures was ICC = 0.838. In the case-control study, the results obtained showed Odds Ratios (OR) of 1.38 and 1.50 per 10% increase in MD when using the semi-automated and fully automated approaches respectively. It can therefore be concluded that the automated and semi-automated MD assessments present a good correlation. Both the methods also found an association between MD and breast cancer risk, which warrants the proposed tools for breast cancer risk prediction and clinical decision making. A full version of the DM-Scan is freely available. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.This work was supported by research grants from Gent per Gent Fund (EDEMAC Project); Spain's Health Research Fund (Fondo de Investigacion Santiaria) (PI060386 & FIS PS09/00790); Spanish MICINN grants TIN2009-14205-C04-02 and Consolider-Ingenio 2010: MIPRCV (CSD2007-00018); Spanish Federation of Breast Cancer Patients (Federacion Espanola de Cancer de Mama) (FECMA 485 EPY 1170-10). The English revision of this paper was funded by the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain.Llobet Azpitarte, R.; Pollán, M.; Antón Guirao, J.; Miranda-García, J.; Casals El Busto, M.; Martinez Gomez, I.; Ruiz Perales, F.... (2014). Semi-automated and fully automated mammographic density measurement and breast cancer risk prediction. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 116(2):105-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2014.01.021S105115116

Narrativas audiovisuales emergentes: creaciones didácticas multimedia realizadas por alumnos para enseñanza y aprendizaje en campus virtuales

Diseño, escritura y realización de contenidos videográficos y multimedia para la enseñanza virtual. El alumnado de Ciencias de la Información analiza, crea y difunde materiales narrativos creados para campus virtuales y cursos online innovadores

La docencia en emprendimiento y emprendimiento social en los ecosistemas universitarios de referencia: Aplicación de las metodologías docentes de aprender a emprender en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid.

Fac. de Ciencias Económicas y EmpresarialesFALSEsubmitte