CONTROL DE UN PÉNDULO DE FURUTA. UNA REVISIÓN DEL ESTADO DEL ARTE.

This work shows a state of art about the different modeling and control strategies for the inverted rotational Pendulum. A brief description of each of them from the creation of the Furuta Pendulum to the present day was made, we pay great interest of Friction phenomena in the control strategies, highlighting the whole world, include Colombia.Se realiza una descripcion de algunos trabajos reportados en la comunidad de control a nivel internacional y nacional sobre PENDULOS INVERTIDOS. Este trabajo abarca desde la creacion del pendulo de Furuta hasta la actualidad

Corporate social responsibility as a strategy for the prevention of pollution and occupational risks management system

La Responsabilidad social Empresarial (RSE) ha tomado mucha fuerza en la última década del siglo XX y en los primeros años del siglo XXI. Ésta busca integrar las operaciones del negocio con los requisitos de los distintos grupos de interés, entre los que se destacan los trabajadores y la comunidad quienes le exigen a las organizaciones condiciones seguras y producción limpia. Estos factores influyen en la competitividad de los negocios por ende se convierten en elementos estratégicos a considerar en su gestión. El diseño y la implementación de un Sistema de Gestión en Responsabilidad Social Empresarial le permiten a las organizaciones satisfacer las necesidades y expectativas de estos y otros grupos de interés logrando incrementar el valor del negocio en el tiempo.Abstract: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has taken much strength in the last decade of the 20th century and the early years of the 21st century. This seeks to integrate the business requirements of the different stakeholders, among we found workers and community who demand organizations safe and clean production operations. These factors influence the competitiveness of businesses thus become strategic elements to consider in its management. The design and implementation of a management system in corporate social responsibility allows organizations to meet the needs and expectations of these and other stakeholders making increase business value at the time

Prospective genetic gain to improve salinity tolerance in a population of Panicum coloratum var. coloratum with two different selection methods

Panicum coloratum var. coloratum is a subtropical grass for potentially increasing forage production in lowly productive environments where cattle-raising activities have been relocated. Heritability was estimated for characters related to salinity tolerance under saline and non-saline conditions to explore the possibility of improving tolerance by selection. From a base germplasm collected in a very harsh environment, heritability and gain after selection were calculated using 2 recombination units: individual and phenotypic family mean (PFM). Heritability estimates were very low for all characters both in saline and non-saline conditions, suggesting a complex genetic control of salinity tolerance, with a high proportion of non-additive genetic effects. Estimates were higher using individual selection than with PFM and expected genetic gains were higher for individual selection. When compared in both saline and non-saline conditions, predicted means were greater than for plants of cv. Klein, the most common cultivar in use. It appears that the analyzed germplasm would be a valuable source of genes to be included in breeding programs to increase salinity tolerance in Panicum coloratum.Panicum coloratum var. coloratum es una gramínea forrajera subtropical adecuada para incrementar la producción de forraje en ambientes de baja productividad donde la ganadería ha sido relocalizada. En un estudio realizado en Buenos Aires y Córdoba, Argentina, se estimó la heredabilidad para caracteres relacionados a la tolerancia a salinidad en condiciones salinas y no salinas para explorar la posibilidad de mejorar la tolerancia por selección. A partir de un germoplasma base recolectado de un ambiente con condiciones restrictivas de crecimiento, la heredabilidad y la ganancia genética luego de un ciclo de selección fueron calculadas usando dos unidades de recombinación: individual y media fenotípica familiar (PFM en inglés). Las estimaciones de heredabilidad fueron bajas para todos los caracteres tanto en condiciones salinas como no salinas sugiriendo un complejo control genético de la tolerancia a salinidad con alta proporción de efectos genéticos no aditivos. Las estimaciones fueron superiores usando la selección individual en comparación con la media fenotípica familiar. La ganancia genética esperada fue mayor para la selección individual. Tanto en condiciones salinas como en no salinas, la media predicha fue superior al cv. Klein, el cultivar más común de la variedad. El germoplasma analizado sería un buen recurso para ser incluido en programas de mejoramiento para incrementar la tolerancia a salinidad en Panicum coloratum.Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos VegetalesFil: Pittaro, Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales; ArgentinaFil: Lifschitz, Mauro Ezequiel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Lifschitz, Mauro Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Sanchez, Miguel Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales; ArgentinaFil: Bustos, Dolores Angela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales; ArgentinaFil: Otondo, José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; ArgentinaFil: Tomas, Maria Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentin

Ganancia genética potencial para mejorar la tolerancia a salinidad en una población de Panicum coloratum var. coloratum con dos diferentes métodos de selección

Panicum coloratum var. coloratum es una gramínea forrajera subtropical adecuada para incrementar la producción de forraje en ambientes de baja productividad donde la ganadería ha sido relocalizada. En un estudio realizado en Buenos Aires y Córdoba, Argentina, se estimó la heredabilidad para caracteres relacionados a la tolerancia a salinidad en condiciones salinas y no salinas para explorar la posibilidad de mejorar la tolerancia por selección. A partir de un germoplasma base recolectado de un ambiente con condiciones restrictivas de crecimiento, la heredabilidad y la ganancia genética luego de un ciclo de selección fueron calculadas usando dos unidades de recombinación: individual y media fenotípica familiar (PFM en inglés). Las estimaciones de heredabilidad fueron bajas para todos los caracteres tanto en condiciones salinas como no salinas sugiriendo un complejo control genético de la tolerancia a salinidad con alta proporción de efectos genéticos no aditivos. Las estimaciones fueron superiores usando la selección individual en comparación con la media fenotípica familiar. La ganancia genética esperada fue mayor para la selección individual. Tanto en condiciones salinas como en no salinas, la media predicha fue superior al cv. Klein, el cultivar más común de la variedad. El germoplasma analizado sería un buen recurso para ser incluido en programas de mejoramiento para incrementar la tolerancia a salinidad en Panicum coloratum.Panicum coloratum var. coloratum is a subtropical grass for potentially increasing forage production in lowly productive environments where cattle-raising activities have been relocated. Heritability was estimated for characters related to salinity tolerance under saline and non-saline conditions to explore the possibility of improving tolerance by selection. From a base germplasm collected in a very harsh environment, heritability and gain after selection were calculated using 2 recombination units: individual and phenotypic family mean (PFM). Heritability estimates were very low for all characters both in saline and non-saline conditions, suggesting a complex genetic control of salinity tolerance, with a high proportion of non-additive genetic effects. Estimates were higher using individual selection than with PFM and expected genetic gains were higher for individual selection. When compared in both saline and non-saline conditions, predicted means were greater than for plants of cv. Klein, the most common cultivar in use. It appears that the analyzed germplasm would be a valuable source of genes to be included in breeding programs to increase salinity tolerance in Panicum coloratum.Fil: Pittaro, María Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Lifschitz, Mauro Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigacion de la Cadena Lactea. - Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela. Instituto de Investigacion de la Cadena Lactea.; ArgentinaFil: Sánchez, Miguel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Bustos, Dolores Angela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Otondo, Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado.; ArgentinaFil: Tomas, Maria Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea. - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela. Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea; Argentin

Phenology, productivity, and chemical characterization of Jatropha curcas L. as tool for selecting non-toxic elite germplasm

A phenological, physical and chemical descriptive study was carried out on six germplasms of Jatropha curcas L. collected from different areas of Mexico. From these six germplasms, elite germplasms that are better adaptable, with high seed, oil and protein yield, and low levels of phorbol esters were identified. The thermal constant (2570 ± 9) and seed weight (0.695 ± 0.065 g) were similar in all the six germplasms. The average plant height was 1.47 ± 0.25 m after one year of evaluation. Variation in the number of inflorescences (0 to 22) and seed yield (27.35 ± 22.65 g) per plant, and fruit per cluster (2.9 ± 2.2) was considerable. Kernel oil and crude protein contents were 57 ± 3% and 26 ± 2%, respectively. Germplasms India and Isla (Veracruz) had the highest levels of phorbol esters (5.982 and 2.070 mg·g-1, respectively). The reproductive stage and phorbol esters content were critical in selecting elite germplasms. Based on our results, we were able to select three elite germplasms.Key words: Jatropha curcas, elite germplasm, accumulated degree days (ADD), yield, oil, protein, phorbol esters

Emotional Distress of Patients at End-of-Life and Their Caregivers: Interrelation and Predictors

Background: Patients at the end of life and their families experience a strong emotional impact. The well-being of these patients and that of their family caregiver are related.Aim: To study the variables related with the emotional well-being of patients with and without cognitive impairment at the end of life and that of their primary family caregivers.Design: Cross- sectional study.Participants: Data was collected from 202 patients at the end of life with different diagnosis (COPD, cancer, and frail elderly) as well as from their respective 202 primary family caregivers.Results: Structural equation models indicated that the emotional state of the patients was best predicted by their functional independence and the burden of their family caregivers. In addition, the emotional state of the primary family caregiver was predicted by their burden and not by the cognitive state or the functional independence of the patient. Nevertheless, the burden of the family caregiver, which is the only variable predicting both the emotional state of the patient and that of the caregiver, was directly related with the functional independence of the patient and indirectly with the patient’s cognitive state.Conclusion: The family caregiver’s burden is an important factor to take into consideration when aiming to reduce the emotional distress of patients at the end of life with different diagnosis -whether or not they present significant cognitive impairment- and that of their family caregivers

Association between IL-18 gene polymorphisms and biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis

7 pages, 1 figure, 1 table.-- Research article.[Introduction] The objective was to investigate the potential implication of the IL18 gene promoter polymorphisms in the susceptibility to giant-cell arteritis (GCA).[Methods] In total, 212 patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven GCA were included in this study. DNA from patients and matched controls was obtained from peripheral blood. Samples were genotyped for the IL18-137 G>C (rs187238), the IL18-607 C>A (rs1946518), and the IL18-1297 T>C (rs360719) gene polymorphisms with polymerase chain reaction, by using a predesigned TaqMan allele discrimination assay.[Results] No significant association between the IL18-137 G>C polymorphism and GCA was found. However, the IL18 -607 allele A was significantly increased in GCA patients compared with controls (47.8% versus 40.9% in patients and controls respectively; P = 0.02; OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.69). It was due to an increased frequency of homozygosity for the IL18 -607 A/A genotype in patients with GCA (20.4%) compared with controls (13.4%) (IL18 -607 A/A versus IL18 -607 A/C plus IL18 -607 C/C genotypes: P = 0.04; OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.46). Also, the IL18-1297 allele C was significantly increased in GCA patients (30.7%) compared with controls (23.0%) (P = 0.003; OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.95). In this regard, an increased susceptibility to GCA was observed in individuals carrying the IL18-1297 C/C or the IL18-1297 C/T genotypes compared with those carrying the IL18-1297 T/T genotype (IL18-1297 C/C plus IL18-1297 T/C versus IL18-1297 T/T genotype in GCA patients compared with controls: P = 0.005; OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.15 to 2.25). We also found an additive effect of the IL18 -1297 and -607 polymorphisms with TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism. The OR for GCA was 1.95 for combinations of genotypes with one or two risk alleles, whereas carriers of three or more risk alleles have an OR of 3.7.[Conclusions] Our results show for the first time an implication of IL18 gene-promoter polymorphisms in the susceptibility to biopsy-proven GCA. In addition, an additive effect between the associated IL18 and TLR4 genetic variants was observed.This study was supported by a grant from Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias PI06-0024 (Spain) and in part by Junta de Andalucía, grupo CTS-180 (Spain). This work was partially supported by the RETICS Program, RD08/0075 (RIER), from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII).Peer reviewe

Effect of Barley on Liver Histology of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

[EN] This study investigated the effects of the incorporation of barley instead of wheat to study fish growth and biometrics parameters, body composition, retention efficiency and liver histology of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Experimental diets were used containing different barley concentrations (0-16%) randomly assigned to four groups per treatment. Results showed a significant change on liver histological parameters. Liver cell vacuolization was significantly lower on fish fed with 16B diets compared to control diet and revealed some degeneration. Those fish also showed more regular hepatocytes than in control diet.This work has been co-funded with FEDER and INIA funds (call 2012, BOE-2012-13337).Pinedo-Gil, J.; Martín-Diana, AB.; Caballero-Cansino, MJ.; Sanz-Calvo, MÁ.; Jover Cerda, M.; Tomas-Vidal, A. (2017). Effect of Barley on Liver Histology of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology. 5(3). https://doi.org/10.15406/jamb.2017.05.00123S5