University as a collaborator partner and firm’s performance: Measuring behavioral additionality

In this paper we empirically analyze the effects of collaboration in innovation with universities on the firm’s innovative performance. Using data from the Technological Innovation Panel dataset (PITEC for its acronym in Spanish) we have constructed a database of 4643 innovative firms in Spain, where we estimate the impact of different types of collaborative partnerships on the increments on firm’s range and quality of products, and on the improvements of the firm’s production capacity and flexibility. The estimation from an ordered logit model shows that firms collaborating actively with universities, as well as, firms that use universities as their principal source of information are more prone to have product and process additionalities, while subcontracting specific R&D activities to universities do not seem to affect the firm’s innovative performance. A sensitive analysis shows that firms belonging to manufacturing sectors benefit more from the collaboration with universities than firms from services sectors.

Measuring the effects of University-Firm cooperation on the firm's innovative performance: evidence from Spain

In this paper we empirically analyze the effects of collaboration in innovation with universities on the firm's innovative performance. Using data from the Technological Innovation Panel dataset (PITEC for its acronym in Spanish) we have constructed a database of 4643 innovative firms in Spain, where we estimate the impact of different types of collaborative partnerships on the increments on firm's range and quality of products, and on the improvements of the firm's production capacity and flexibility. The estimation from an ordered logit model shows that firms collaborating actively with universities, as well as, firms that use universities as their principal source of information are more prone to have product and process additionalities, while subcontracting specific R&D activities to universities do not seem to affect the firm's innovative performance. A sensitive analysis shows that firms belonging to manufacturing sectors benefit more from the collaboration with universities than firms from services sectors

Scale and scope of university technology transfer: A flexible multiproduct approach

This paper empirically analyzes the economies of scale and economies of scope in the production of research and technology transfer outputs in the Spanish public university system. We employ the flexible fixed quadratic cost (FFQC) function which relates the total university R&D expenditure with different outputs of research and technology transfer, from where we compute the ray economies of scale, the specific economies of scale and the economies of scope. From a survey of Technology Transfer Offices (TTO) network in Spain, data from the Institute of Documentary Studies on Science and Technology (IDSST) and from the Rector's Conference of Spanish Universities, we constructed a dataset for the period 2004 - 2008 and for 45 public universities. The results support the presence of ray economies of scale and product specific economies of scale. Our results also show that the cost subadditivity is positive constraint, meaning that there are economies of scope

Lactato sérico elevado como factor predictor de mortalidad en pacientes con peritonitis bacteriana secundaria en el hospital Belén de Trujillo

Determinar si el lactato sérico elevado es factor predictor de mortalidad en pacientes con peritonitis bacteriana secundaria en el Hospital Belén de Trujillo. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo, analítico, seccional transversal en 158 pacientes con diagnóstico de peritonitis secundaria generalizada; se realizó el cálculo de la sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y valor predictivo negativo del lactato sérico arterial. Resultados: La frecuencia de lactato sérico elevado en pacientes con peritonitis bacteriana secundaria fallecidos fue de 77%. La frecuencia de lactato sérico elevado en pacientes con peritonitis bacteriana secundaria sobreviviente fue de 17%. El lactato sérico elevado es factor predictor de mortalidad en pacientes con peritonitis bacteriana secundaria con una sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y negativo de 77%; 83%; 55% y 93% respectivamente. Conclusiones: El lactato sérico elevado es factor predictor de mortalidad en pacientes con peritonitis bacteriana secundaria en el Hospital Belén de Trujillo.To determine if high serum lactate is a predictor of mortality in patients with secondary bacterial peritonitis at Hospital Belén de Trujillo. Material and Methods: An observational, retrospective, analytical, cross sectional study was conducted in 158 patients with generalized secondary peritonitis; The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of arterial serum lactate were calculated. Results: The frequency of elevated serum lactate in patients with secondary bacterial peritonitis died was 77%. The frequency of elevated serum lactate in patients with surviving secondary bacterial peritonitis was 17%. Elevated serum lactate is a predictor of mortality in patients with secondary bacterial peritonitis with sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of 77%; 83%; 55% and 93% respectively. Conclusions: Elevated serum lactate is a predictor of mortality in patients with secondary bacterial peritonitis at Hospital Belén de Trujillo

Magnetism and Heterogeneous Catalysis: In Depth on the Quantum Spin-Exchange Interactions in Pt3M (M = V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Y)(111) Alloys

Bimetallic Pt-based alloys have drawn considerable attention in the last decades as catalysts in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) because they closely fulfill the two major requirements of high performance and good stability under operating conditions. Pt3Fe, Pt3Co, and Pt3Ni stand out as major candidates, given their good activity toward the challenging oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The common feature across catalysts based on 3d-transition metals and their alloys is magnetism. Ferromagnetic spin-electron interactions, quantum spin-exchange interactions (QSEIs), are one of the most important energetic contributions in allowing milder chemisorption of reactants onto magnetic catalysts, in addition to spin-selective electron transport. The understanding of the role played by QSEIs in the properties of magnetic 3d-metal-based alloys is important to design and develop novel and effective electrocatalysts based on abundant and cheap metals. We present a detailed theoretical study (via density functional theory) on the most experimentally explored bimetallic alloys Pt3M (M = V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Y)(111). The investigation starts with a thorough structural study on the composition of the layers, followed by a comprehensive physicochemical description of their resistance toward segregation and their chemisorption capabilities toward hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Our study demonstrates that Pt3Fe(111), Pt3Co(111), and Pt3Ni(111) possess the same preferential multilayered structural organization, known for exhibiting specific magnetic properties. The specific role of QSEIs in their catalytic behavior is justified via comparison between spin-polarized and non-spin-polarized calculations

Les activités entrepreneuriales et commerciales d’une famille d’origine française en Colombie : le cas de la famille Dereix, 1896-1950.

It was a time when they developed agricultural production and logging, livestock production, as well as landrelated speculation. In finance, banking, credits, purchase and sale of stocks and bonds in various companies and forays into local commerce. The role of the Dereix family has been important over two generations. On the one hand, the way in which a border area like the Sinú river valley was oriented towards the national country, then towards the world economy from productive and commercial activities developed by individuals and families of companies. Skillfully maneuvering in a difficult context, the creative use of businessmen and traders in a border context to overcome the adversities of a narrow market, including the precariousness of communication channels, limited technology and weak articulation with the global economy.Este trabajo se ocupa de analizar las actividades empresariales y comerciales de una familia de origen francés en el valle del río Sinú (Colombia) en el período 1896-1950, tiempo en el cual desarrollaron labores de producción agrícola y explotación maderera, ganaderia, así como especulaciones relacionadas con tierras, banca, créditos, compra-venta de acciones y bonos en diversas compañías e incursiones en el comercio local. El papel de la familia Dereix fue importante a lo largo de dos generaciones porque su experiencia permite mostrar, por un lado, la manera como el valle del río Sinú se fue orientando hacia el país nacional y la economía mundial a partir de actividades productivas y comerciales que desarrollaron individuos y familias empresariales; por otro lado, el uso creativo que empresarios y comerciantes hicieron del contexto fronterizo para sobreponerse a las adversidades de un mercado permeado por la estrechez, precariedad en las vías de comunicación, limitada tecnología y una débil articulación a la economía mundial.Ce fut un moment où ils ont développé la production agricole et l’exploitation forestière, l’élevage, l’élevage et la vente de bétail, ainsi que les spéculations liées à la terre. En finances, les opérations bancaires, crédits, achat et vente d’actions et d’obligations dans diverses entreprises et incursions dans le commerce local. Le rôle de la famille Dereix a été important sur deux générations. D’un côté, la manière dont une zone frontalière comme la vallée de la rivière Sinú était orientée vers le pays national, puis vers l’économie mondiale à partir d’activités productives et commerciales développées par des particuliers et des familles d’entreprises. Manoeuvrer habilement dans un contexte difficile, l’utilisation créative des hommes d’affaires et des commerçants dans contexte frontalier pour surmonter les adversités d’un marché étroit, dont la précarité des canaux de communication, de la technologie limitée et d’une faible articulation avec l’économie mondiale

Which firms want PhDs? The effect of the university-industry relationship on the PhD labour market

PhD graduates hold the highest education degree, are trained to conduct research and can be considered a key element in the creation, commercialization and diffusion of innovations. The impact of PhDs on innovation and economic development takes place through several channels such as the accumulation of scientific capital stock, the enhancement of technology transfers and the promotion of cooperation relationships in innovation processes. Although the placement of PhDs in industry provides a very important mechanism for transmitting knowledge from universities to firms, information about the characteristics of the firms that employ PhDs is very scarce. The goal of this paper is to improve understanding of the determinants of the demand for PhDs in the private sector. Three main potential determinants of the demand for PhDs are considered: cooperation between firms and universities, R&D activities of firms and several characteristics of firms, size, sector, productivity and age. The results from the econometric analysis show that cooperation between firms and universities encourages firms to recruit PhDs and point to the existence of accumulative effects in the hiring of PhD graduates

Riesgo ergonómico que afectan el rendimiento académico a estudiantes de ingeniería de minas, Universidad Privada del Norte, Trujillo 2017

El presente trabajo es una investigación que pretende determinar un nexo entre el riesgo ergonómico y el rendimiento académico en los estudiantes de ingeniería de minas, Universidad Privada Norte, Trujillo, 2017 Ésta investigación es de tipo básica, se usó un diseño correlacional, en donde la población está conformada por 150 estudiantes del curso de dibujo de ingeniería de la escuela de ingeniería de minas de la Universidad Privada Norte 2017, Trujillo; con una muestra de 105 alumnos, aquí se empleó los instrumentos de medición; procedimientos que fueron usados para encuesta, la cual permitió obtener datos objetivos sobre el riesgo ergonómico. La relación del riesgo ergonómico y el rendimiento académico en este curso de dibujo de ingeniería de la escuela de ingeniería de minas de la Universidad Privada Norte de Trujillo 2017, es (+) positiva ya que el coeficiente de correlación de pearson es de 0,670 lo que demuestra que existe una correlación (+) positiva la significancia de 0.0001 es menor al 0.05 por lo tanto hay suficiente evidencia para rechazar la hipótesis nula (Ho) y se acepta la hipótesis alterna (H1)Tesi

Ihardule-arketipoen gonbaraketa diakronikoa kartel politiko sovietarrean

This article is a summary of a wider research work in which the author makes a radiograph, from a written and iconic point of view, of the main opponents that used to appear in the political placards that Soviet Union brought out in the Revolution of October, the Second World War and the Perestroika. The reader will find in the article a partial comparison among the opponent archetypes of these three periods. The origin of this diachronic research work is the analysis of the main character in the political placards and its political-semantic environment. The article has three parts: 1) the author shows briefly the general design of the research work: workplaces, sample and the main methodological stages; 2) he explains on what diachronic research, applied to this article, consists; 3) he makes a comparison among supposed opponent archetypes; on the one hand, we can see how WE-friends and THEY-enemies have been characterized in the placards and, on the other, how this characterization has changed and developed as the time has passed