Justiça social e política educacional: extensão das vagas escolares na educação infantil

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar se as decisões que estão garantindo vagas para crianças fora da faixa etária prevista na Constituição Federal têm efetivado o direito à educação na Região Metropolitana de Campinas. Para responder ao problema fez-se um diagnóstico utilizando metodologia quantitativa e identificação das ações dos Poderes Públicos por meio da análise institucional. Identificou-se que as demandas do Parquet por vagas para crianças fora da faixa etária prevista são significativas e quase sempre atendidas pelo Judiciário, que justifica a efetivação do direito com base em uma interpretação extensiva inexistente na Carta Magna. Tal posicionamento prejudica o sucesso da implementação da política por não respeitar as delimitações dos textos legais, reduzindo a efetivação dos direitos das crianças a uma simples vaga em instituição escolar, sem considerar uma discussão de Direitos Humanos

DIMENSÕES A SEREM CONSIDERADAS PARA A DISCUSSÃO DE POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS NA REALIDADE AMAZÔNICA

No contexto de uma pesquisa financiada no escopo do Programa de Cooperação Acadêmica – PROCAD e nomeada "As Experiências Pedagógicas das Políticas de Educação Integral na Amazônia: Rede de Pesquisa e Formação Acadêmica" envolvendo três Universidades (Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP; Universidade Federal de Rondônia - UNIR e Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará - UFOPA), este trabalho visa a parte norte do Brasil, em particular a cidade de Santarém, no estado do Pará. Nosso objetivo é problematizar e refletir sobre a relação entre três dimensões: socioeconômica, educacional e ambiental, que, embora apresentadas separadamente, são imbricadas e devem ser consideradas em uma perspectiva dialógica na discussão das políticas educacionais na realidade amazônica. A metodologia baseia-se em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, de modo que os dados apresentados são oriundos de órgãos públicos nacionais e estaduais. Portanto, a estrutura do artigo possui uma introdução para apresentar a área onde o estudo é conduzido, seguido da exposição dos dados de cada dimensão, terminando com algumas considerações para discutir políticas públicas educacionais na região amazônica.   &nbsp

Multiphysics and Thermodynamic Formulations for Equilibrium and Non-equilibrium Interactions: Non-linear Finite Elements Applied to Multi-coupled Active Materials

[EN] Combining several theories this paper presents a general multiphysics framework applied to the study of coupled and active materials, considering mechanical, electric, magnetic and thermal fields. The framework is based on thermodynamic equilibrium and non-equilibrium interactions, both linked by a two-temperature model. The multi-coupled governing equations are obtained from energy, momentum and entropy balances; the total energy is the sum of thermal, mechanical and electromagnetic parts. The momentum balance considers mechanical plus electromagnetic balances; for the latter the Abraham rep- resentation using the Maxwell stress tensor is formulated. This tensor is manipulated to automatically fulfill the angular momentum balance. The entropy balance is for- mulated using the classical Gibbs equation for equilibrium interactions and non-equilibrium thermodynamics. For the non-linear finite element formulations, this equation requires the transformation of thermoelectric coupling and conductivities into tensorial form. The two-way thermoe- lastic Biot term introduces damping: thermomechanical, pyromagnetic and pyroelectric converse electromagnetic dynamic interactions. Ponderomotrix and electromagnetic forces are also considered. The governing equations are converted into a variational formulation with the resulting four-field, multi-coupled formalism implemented and val- idated with two custom-made finite elements in the research code FEAP. Standard first-order isoparametric eight-node elements with seven degrees of freedom (dof) per node (three displacements, voltage and magnetic scalar potentials plus two temperatures) are used. Non-linearities and dynamics are solved with Newton-Raphson and New- mark-b algorithms, respectively. Results of thermoelectric, thermoelastic, thermomagnetic, piezoelectric, piezomag- netic, pyroelectric, pyromagnetic and galvanomagnetic interactions are presented, including non-linear depen- dency on temperature and some second-order interactions.This research was partially supported by grants CSD2008-00037 Canfranc Underground Physics, Polytechnic University of Valencia under programs PAID 02-11-1828 and 05-10-2674. The first author used the grant Generalitat Valenciana BEST/2014/232 for the completion of this work.Pérez-Aparicio, JL.; Palma, R.; Taylor, R. (2016). Multiphysics and Thermodynamic Formulations for Equilibrium and Non-equilibrium Interactions: Non-linear Finite Elements Applied to Multi-coupled Active Materials. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering. 23:535-583. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-015-9149-9S53558323Abraham M (1910) Sull’elettrodinamica di Minkowski. 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POR QUE PESQUISAR IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS ATUALMENTE?

Partindo do pressuposto de que ainda continua valendo a distinção das fases da policy (agenda, formulação, implementação e avaliação), este texto apresenta a evolução da reflexão acadêmica e ressalta a relevância dos estudos sobre implementação ainda hoje, assim como traz alguns resultados de pesquisa como uma contribuição para o debate sobre questões metodológicas na avaliação de processo de implementação, como uma subárea específica da pesquisa de avaliação de política, e para o estudo das políticas educacionais. Serão recuperadas as mudanças e oportunidades do campo da implementação de política educacional como um campo de pesquisa prática, com base na reflexão sobre a literatura produzida e as metodologias empregadas nas pesquisas sobre educação, que se tornou, nos últimos vinte anos, uma arena de acirrados conflitos e interesses com uma política de grandes orçamentos, além de relacionar-se com as múltiplas dimensões do Estado de bem-estar social

Descentralização do Estado e Pacto Federativo

Ao analisar o processo de reforma educacional, enfatizando a natureza federativa do sistema político brasileiro, o texto detem-se na compreensão da articulação das três esferas governamentais na provisão dos serviços educacionais e apresenta o caso norte-americano a título de comparação para uma melhor compreensão de como se deu a articulação dos diferentes níveis em país federado.A separação entre os sistemas escolares estaduais e municipais é uma questão profundamente institucionalizada que tem levado a uma duplicação de serviços administrativos, à inexistência de um planejamento local e a uma ausência de garantia de serviços educacionais de qualidade para a população. O centro de discussão localiza-se na distribuição dos poderes, responsabilidade e recursos entre os níveis de governo; sendo permanente o embate entre os governos federal, estaduais e municipais por mais recursos

Is important analyze implementation of educacional policies nowadays?

Assuming that it is still valid to distinguish policy into phases (agenda, formulation, implementation and evaluation), this text presents the evolution of the academic reflection and highlights the relevance of studying implementation today. It also brings forth some research results as a contribution to the debate on methodological issues in the assessment of the implementation process, as a specific subarea of the research on policy assessment for the study of educational policies. Based on a reflection on the literature produced and on the methodology employed in research on education, it retrieves the changes and opportunities in the field of the implementation of educational policy as a field of practical research, which, these last twenty years, has become an arena of fierce conflicts and of interests, because of a large budget policy. It also approaches the multiple dimensions of welfare state.Partindo do pressuposto de que ainda continua valendo a distinção das fases da policy (agenda, formulação, implementação e avaliação), este texto apresenta a evolução da reflexão acadêmica e ressalta a relevância dos estudos sobre implementação ainda hoje, assim como traz alguns resultados de pesquisa como uma contribuição para o debate sobre questões metodológicas na avaliação de processo de implementação, como uma subárea específica da pesquisa de avaliação de política, e para o estudo das políticas educacionais. Serão recuperadas as mudanças e oportunidades do campo da implementação de política educacional como um campo de pesquisa prática, com base na reflexão sobre a literatura produzida e as metodologias empregadas nas pesquisas sobre educação, que se tornou, nos últimos vinte anos, uma arena de acirrados conflitos e interesses com uma política de grandes orçamentos, além de relacionar-se com as múltiplas dimensões do Estado de bem-estar social.1179119

Políticas sociais de atendimento às crianças e aos adolescentes no Brasil

Nao informado

Por que pesquisar implementação de políticas educacionais atualmente?

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A politica educacional do Estado de São Paulo : 1967-1990

Orientador : Joaquim Brasil Fontes JuniorTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de EducaçãoResumo: Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar a política educacional do Estado de São Paulo, entre 1967 e 1990. Focalizou-se, inicialmente, a expansão do sistema educacional, aferindo o papel desempenhado pelas dependências administrativas e estabelecendo inter-relações com o contexto socioeconômico. Acompanhou-se a oferta de matrículas dos quatro níveis de ensino regular (pré-escolar, fundamental, médio e superior). Da análise ressalta a ação do governo estadual que foi o ator central nas transformações ocorridas na oferta dos ensinos fundamental e médio. Acompanhou-se, dessa forma, apenas as ações empreendidas pela Secretaria Estadual da Educação nesses vinte e três anos, procurando: compreender as propostas e medidas implementadas no campo educacional, verificando em que se diferenciam e se resultaram na construção de um novo modelo de ação social do Estado; detectar a natureza das inovações implementadas; avaliar o volume dos gastos financeiros; determinar o modelo de gestão e o perfil organizacional; aferir os principais indicadores relativos à eficácia e efetividade das ações governamentais. Com o objetivo de captar a concretização da política educacional, implementada pela Secretaria Estadual da Educação, analisou-se o modo de funcionamento das escolas. Foram abordadas as características do funcionamento dos serviços educacionais, a qualificação dos recursos humanos e as formas de gestão, a partir de uma amostra representativa das escolas da rede estadual. Avaliou-se, finalmente, o desempenho da política educacional como um todo, aferindo quais foram os resultados da política com relação ao nível de escolarização da população e seu grau de eqüidade. Na conclusão, são enfatizados aspectos da ação governamental que possam contribuir para o debate sobre os rumos da escola públicaAbstract: This thesis tries to evaluate the educational policy at the state of São Paulo, between 1967 and 1990. At first, it focus the expansion of the whole educational system, by the identification of the place of each administrative dependency and the analysis of its relations with the socioeconomic context. It follows the supply of places in the four schooling levels (preschool, primary school, secondary school and university). This analysis shows that the state govemment was the central actor in the changes in the primary and secondary schools supplies. So, in a second moment, the choice was to follow just the policies implemented by the Secretaria da Educação of São Paulo during those 23 years, in order a) to understand the projects and measures implemented, identifying their differences and results as a new model of social state action; b) to verify the nature of the innovations implemented; c) to evaluate the expenditure amount; d) to determinate the management model and its organizational profile; e) to examine the principal indicators of the state actions efficiency and efectiveness. In a third moment, the schools mode of operation was analysed. For that, the operation characteristics of the educational services, the human resources qualifications and their management forms were examined. Finally, the performance of the educational policy was evaluated, by the analysis of the policy outcomes in termes of schooling degrees and equity. The conclusion is a contribution for the debate about the perspectives of the public schoolDoutoradoMetodologia de EnsinoDoutor em Educaçã

Lição de portugues : tradição e modernidade no livro escolar

Orientador : Joaquim Brasil Fontes JrDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de EducaçãoMestrad