5 research outputs found

    Mobilité de l'antimoine dans des environnements de surface contrastés d'un site minier : influence des conditions rédox et des communautés microbiennes

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    International audienceMicrobial processes can influence the complex geochemical behaviour of the toxic metalloid antimony (Sb) in mining environments. The present study is aimed to evaluate the influence of microbial communities on the mobility of Sb from solid phases to water in different compartments and redox conditions of a mining site in southwest (SW) Spain. Samples of surface materials presenting high Sb concentrations, from two weathered mining waste dumps and an aquatic sediment were incubated in slurries comparing oxic and anoxic conditions. The initial microbial communities of the three materials strongly differed. Incubations induced an increase of microbial biomass and an evolution of the microbial communities' structures and compositions, which diverged in different redox conditions. The presence of active bacteria always influenced the mobility of Sb, except in the neutral pH waste incubated in oxic conditions. The effect of active microbial activities in oxic conditions was dependent on the material: Sb oxic release was biologically amplified with the acidic waste, but attenuated with the sediment. Different bacterial genera involved in Sb, Fe, and S oxidation or reduction were present and/or grew during incubation of each material. The results highlighted the wide diversity of microbial communities and metabolisms at the small geographic scale of a mining site and their strong implication in Sb mobility.Les processus microbiens peuvent influencer le comportement gĂ©ochimique complexe de l’antimoine mĂ©talloĂŻde (Sb) toxique dans les environnements miniers. La prĂ©sente Ă©tude vise Ă  Ă©valuer l'influence des communautĂ©s microbiennes sur la mobilitĂ© du Sb des phases solides vers l'eau dans diffĂ©rents compartiments et conditions rĂ©dox d'un site minier du sud-ouest (SW) de l'Espagne. Des Ă©chantillons de matĂ©riaux de surface prĂ©sentant des concentrations Ă©levĂ©es de Sb, provenant de deux dĂ©pĂŽts de dĂ©chets miniers et d'un sĂ©diment aquatique, ont Ă©tĂ© incubĂ©s dans des boues comparant les conditions oxiques et anoxiques. Les communautĂ©s microbiennes initiales des trois matĂ©riaux diffĂ©raient fortement. Les incubations ont induit une augmentation de la biomasse microbienne et une Ă©volution des structures et compositions des communautĂ©s microbiennes, qui divergent selon les conditions rĂ©dox. La prĂ©sence de bactĂ©ries actives a toujours influencĂ© la mobilitĂ© du Sb, sauf dans les dĂ©chets Ă  pH neutre incubĂ©s en conditions oxiques. L'effet des activitĂ©s microbiennes actives dans des conditions oxiques dĂ©pendait du matĂ©riau : la libĂ©ration de Sb en condition aĂ©robie Ă©tait biologiquement amplifiĂ©e avec les dĂ©chets acides, mais attĂ©nuĂ©e avec les sĂ©diments. DiffĂ©rents genres bactĂ©riens impliquĂ©s dans l'oxydation ou la rĂ©duction de Sb, Fe et S Ă©taient prĂ©sents et/ou se sont dĂ©veloppĂ©s pendant l'incubation de chaque matĂ©riau. Les rĂ©sultats ont mis en Ă©vidence la grande diversitĂ© des communautĂ©s microbiennes et des mĂ©tabolismes Ă  la petite Ă©chelle gĂ©ographique d’un site minier et leur forte implication dans la mobilitĂ© du Sb

    XANES speciation of mercury in three mining districts - Almaden, Asturias (Spain), Idria (Slovenia)

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    The mobility, bioavailability and toxicity of mercury in the environment strongly depend on the chemical species in which it is present in soil, sediments, water or air. In mining districts, differences in mobility and bioavailability of mercury mainly arise from the different type of mineralization and ore processing. In this work, synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) has been taken advantage of to study the speciation of mercury in geological samples from three of the largest European mercury mining districts: Almadén (Spain), Idria (Slovenia) and Asturias (Spain). XANES has been complemented with a single extraction protocol for the determination of Hg mobility. Ore, calcines, dump material, soil, sediment and suspended particles from the three sites have been considered in the study. In the three sites, rather insoluble sulfide compounds (cinnabar and metacinnabar) were found to predominate. Minor amounts of more soluble mercury compounds (chlorides and sulfates) were also identified in some samples. Single extraction procedures have put forward a strong dependence of the mobility with the concentration of chlorides and sulfates. Differences in efficiency of roasting furnaces from the three sites have been found
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