Prediction of non-genotoxic carcinogenicity based on genetic profiles of short term exposure assays

Non-genotoxic carcinogens are substances that induce tumorigenesis by non-mutagenic mechanisms and long term rodent bioassays are required to identify them. Recent studies have shown that transcription profiling can be applied to develop early identifiers for long term phenotypes. In this study, we used rat liver expression profiles from the NTP (National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, USA) DrugMatrix Database to construct a gene classifier that can distinguish between non-genotoxic carcinogens and other chemicals. The model was based on short term exposure assays (3 days) and the training was limited to oxidative stressors, peroxisome proliferators and hormone modulators. Validation of the predictor was performed on independent toxicogenomic data (TG-GATEs, Toxicogenomics Project-Genomics Assisted Toxicity Evaluation System, Osaka, Japan). To build our model we performed Random Forests together with a recursive elimination algorithm (VarSelRF). Gene set enrichment analysis was employed for functional interpretation. A total of 770 microarrays comprising 96 different compounds were analyzed and a predictor of 54 genes was built. Prediction accuracy was 0.85 in the training set, 0.87 in the test set and increased with increasing concentration in the validation set: 0.6 at low dose, 0.7 at medium doses and 0.81 at high doses. Pathway analysis revealed gene prominence of cellular respiration, energy production and lipoprotein metabolism. The biggest target of toxicogenomics is accurately predict the toxicity of unknown drugs. In this analysis, we presented a classifier that can predict non-genotoxic carcinogenicity by using short term exposure assays. In this approach, dose level is critical when evaluating chemicals at early time points.Fil: Perez, Luis Orlando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; ArgentinaFil: González José, Rolando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; ArgentinaFil: Peral Garcia, Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria ; Argentin

Control interno y su efecto en los resultados económicos y financieros de la Corporación Horus Mar S.A.C., Nuevo Chimbote-2018

El control interno permite corregir y superar las debilidades que pueden ser detectadas en los resultados económicos y financieros de una entidad pública. Por ello el presente trabajo tuvo como propósito determinar el efecto del control interno en los resultados económicos y financieros en la Corporación Horus Mar SAC del distrito de Nuevo Chimbote en el año 2018. La investigación basó su estudio en un diseño no experimental y de cohorte transversal. La muestra lo conformó la Corporación Horus Mar SAC. El estudio utilizó como instrumentos de recolección de datos un “Cuestionario para evaluar los componentes del control interno” validado a juicio de expertos y los “Resultados económicos y financieros del año 2018”. Los datos fueron procesados haciendo uso del análisis descriptivo. Como resultados, la investigación da cuenta que el control interno tiene un efecto positivo en los resultados económicos y financieros en la Corporación Horus Mar SAC, detalle obtenido en los ratios que indican la capacidad económica de S/. 387,139 para responder obligaciones con terceros por su mayor capacidad para poder invertir

Probabilistic Evaluation of 3D Surfaces Using Statistical Shape Models (SSM)

[EN] Inspecting a 3D object which shape has elastic manufacturing tolerances in order to find defects is a challenging and time-consuming task. This task usually involves humans, either in the specification stage followed by some automatic measurements, or in other points along the process. Even when a detailed inspection is performed, the measurements are limited to a few dimensions instead of a complete examination of the object. In this work, a probabilistic method to evaluate 3D surfaces is presented. This algorithm relies on a training stage to learn the shape of the object building a statistical shape model. Making use of this model, any inspected object can be evaluated obtaining a probability that the whole object or any of its dimensions are compatible with the model, thus allowing to easily find defective objects. Results in simulated and real environments are presented and compared to two different alternatives.This work was partially funded by Generalitat Valenciana through IVACE (Valencian Institute of Business Competitiveness) distributed nominatively to Valencian technological innovation centres under project expedient IMAMCN/2020/1.Pérez, J.; Guardiola Garcia, JL.; Pérez Jiménez, AJ.; Perez-Cortes, J. (2020). Probabilistic Evaluation of 3D Surfaces Using Statistical Shape Models (SSM). Sensors. 20(22):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226554S1162022Brosed, F. J., Aguilar, J. J., Guillomía, D., & Santolaria, J. (2010). 3D Geometrical Inspection of Complex Geometry Parts Using a Novel Laser Triangulation Sensor and a Robot. Sensors, 11(1), 90-110. doi:10.3390/s110100090Perez-Cortes, J.-C., Perez, A., Saez-Barona, S., Guardiola, J.-L., & Salvador, I. (2018). A System for In-Line 3D Inspection without Hidden Surfaces. Sensors, 18(9), 2993. doi:10.3390/s18092993Bi, Z. M., & Wang, L. (2010). Advances in 3D data acquisition and processing for industrial applications. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 26(5), 403-413. doi:10.1016/j.rcim.2010.03.003Fu, K., Peng, J., He, Q., & Zhang, H. (2020). Single image 3D object reconstruction based on deep learning: A review. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 80(1), 463-498. doi:10.1007/s11042-020-09722-8Pichat, J., Iglesias, J. E., Yousry, T., Ourselin, S., & Modat, M. (2018). A Survey of Methods for 3D Histology Reconstruction. Medical Image Analysis, 46, 73-105. doi:10.1016/j.media.2018.02.004Pathak, V. K., Singh, A. K., Sivadasan, M., & Singh, N. K. (2016). Framework for Automated GD&T Inspection Using 3D Scanner. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, 99(2), 197-205. doi:10.1007/s40032-016-0337-7Bustos, B., Keim, D. A., Saupe, D., Schreck, T., & Vranić, D. V. (2005). Feature-based similarity search in 3D object databases. ACM Computing Surveys, 37(4), 345-387. doi:10.1145/1118890.1118893Mian, A., Bennamoun, M., & Owens, R. (2009). On the Repeatability and Quality of Keypoints for Local Feature-based 3D Object Retrieval from Cluttered Scenes. International Journal of Computer Vision, 89(2-3), 348-361. doi:10.1007/s11263-009-0296-zLiu, Z., Zhao, C., Wu, X., & Chen, W. (2017). An Effective 3D Shape Descriptor for Object Recognition with RGB-D Sensors. Sensors, 17(3), 451. doi:10.3390/s17030451Barra, V., & Biasotti, S. (2013). 3D shape retrieval using Kernels on Extended Reeb Graphs. Pattern Recognition, 46(11), 2985-2999. doi:10.1016/j.patcog.2013.03.019Xie, J., Dai, G., Zhu, F., Wong, E. K., & Fang, Y. (2017). DeepShape: Deep-Learned Shape Descriptor for 3D Shape Retrieval. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 39(7), 1335-1345. doi:10.1109/tpami.2016.2596722Lague, D., Brodu, N., & Leroux, J. (2013). Accurate 3D comparison of complex topography with terrestrial laser scanner: Application to the Rangitikei canyon (N-Z). ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 82, 10-26. doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.04.009Cook, K. L. (2017). An evaluation of the effectiveness of low-cost UAVs and structure from motion for geomorphic change detection. Geomorphology, 278, 195-208. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.11.009Martínez-Carricondo, P., Agüera-Vega, F., Carvajal-Ramírez, F., Mesas-Carrascosa, F.-J., García-Ferrer, A., & Pérez-Porras, F.-J. (2018). Assessment of UAV-photogrammetric mapping accuracy based on variation of ground control points. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 72, 1-10. doi:10.1016/j.jag.2018.05.015Burdziakowski, P., Specht, C., Dabrowski, P. S., Specht, M., Lewicka, O., & Makar, A. (2020). Using UAV Photogrammetry to Analyse Changes in the Coastal Zone Based on the Sopot Tombolo (Salient) Measurement Project. Sensors, 20(14), 4000. doi:10.3390/s20144000MARDIA, K. V., & DRYDEN, I. L. (1989). The statistical analysis of shape data. Biometrika, 76(2), 271-281. doi:10.1093/biomet/76.2.271Heimann, T., & Meinzer, H.-P. (2009). Statistical shape models for 3D medical image segmentation: A review. Medical Image Analysis, 13(4), 543-563. doi:10.1016/j.media.2009.05.004Ambellan, F., Tack, A., Ehlke, M., & Zachow, S. (2019). Automated segmentation of knee bone and cartilage combining statistical shape knowledge and convolutional neural networks: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Medical Image Analysis, 52, 109-118. doi:10.1016/j.media.2018.11.009Avendi, M. R., Kheradvar, A., & Jafarkhani, H. (2016). A combined deep-learning and deformable-model approach to fully automatic segmentation of the left ventricle in cardiac MRI. Medical Image Analysis, 30, 108-119. doi:10.1016/j.media.2016.01.005Booth, J., Roussos, A., Ponniah, A., Dunaway, D., & Zafeiriou, S. (2017). Large Scale 3D Morphable Models. International Journal of Computer Vision, 126(2-4), 233-254. doi:10.1007/s11263-017-1009-7Erus, G., Zacharaki, E. I., & Davatzikos, C. (2014). Individualized statistical learning from medical image databases: Application to identification of brain lesions. Medical Image Analysis, 18(3), 542-554. doi:10.1016/j.media.2014.02.00

Microconformado de Materiales Metálicos mediante Pulsos Láser en el Dominio de ns

La demanda de miniaturización introducida, entre otros, por la industria de fabricación de MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems), hace necesario caracterizar y validar los procesos que emplean el láser en el microconformado de materiales metálicos a escala submilimétrica. Como alternativa al microconformado térmico, que hace uso de las deformaciones de origen térmico inducidas por la radiación láser, el microconformado mediante pulsos láser en el dominio de ns hace posible el conformado de materiales metálicos manteniendo, o incluso mejorando, las propiedades mecánicas de los mismos debido a la inducción de tensiones residuales de compresión en la superficie de la pieza tratada. Se presenta en este trabajo el estudio teórico y experimental del microconformado láser mediante la caracterización de diversas pruebas elementales. Miniaturization of components demanded by MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) industry, makes necessary the validation of the manufacturing processes applied to submillimetric metallic materials in which laser is used. As an alternative to thermal microforming in which laser induced thermal fields are responsible for the forming phenomena, the use of ns laser pulses makes possible microforming of metallic materials preserving, or even improving, their mechanical properties, due to the induction of residual stresses in the surface. In the present paper experimental tests and FEM simulation results on nanosecond time scale laser microforming are presented

Standard comparison of local mental health care systems in eight European countries

Sistema de Salut Mental; Comparació d'atenció a la salut mentalMental Health System; Mental health care comparisonSistema de Salud Mental; Comparación de atención a la salud mentalAims: There is a need of more quantitative standardised data to compare local Mental Health Systems (MHSs) across international jurisdictions. Problems related to terminological variability and commensurability in the evaluation of services hamper like-with-like comparisons and hinder the development of work in this area. This study was aimed to provide standard assessment and comparison of MHS in selected local areas in Europe, contributing to a better understanding of MHS and related allocation of resources at local level and to lessen the scarcity in standard service comparison in Europe. This study is part of the Seventh Framework programme REFINEMENT (Research on Financing Systems' Effect on the Quality of Mental Health Care in Europe) project. Methods: A total of eight study areas from European countries with different systems of care (Austria, England, Finland, France, Italy, Norway, Romania, Spain) were analysed using a standard open-access classification system (Description and Evaluation of Services for Long Term Care in Europe, DESDE-LTC). All publicly funded services universally accessible to adults (≥18 years) with a psychiatric disorder were coded. Care availability, diversity and capacity were compared across these eight local MHS. Results: The comparison of MHS revealed more community-oriented delivery systems in the areas of England (Hampshire) and Southern European countries (Verona - Italy and Girona - Spain). Community-oriented systems with a higher proportion of hospital care were identified in Austria (Industrieviertel) and Scandinavian countries (Sør-Trøndelag in Norway and Helsinki-Uusimaa in Finland), while Loiret (France) was considered as a predominantly hospital-based system. The MHS in Suceava (Romania) was still in transition to community care. Conclusions: There is a significant variation in care availability and capacity across MHS of local areas in Europe. This information is relevant for understanding the process of implementation of community-oriented mental health care in local areas. Standard comparison of care provision in local areas is important for context analysis and policy planning.The REFINEMENT project has received funding from the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme (7FP) and lies within the Specific Programme ‘Cooperation’ – Theme ‘Health’: HEALTH.2010.3.2–1: Financing systems’ effect on quality of health care. Duration: 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2013. 7FP. Project number: 261459

Plasmonic nanodevice with magnetic funcionalities: fabrication and characterization

We have designed and fabricated a nanodevice exhibiting simultaneously ferromagnetic properties of nanostructures with plasmonic properties of continuous films. Our device consists of an array of nanomagnets on top of a continuous plasmonic film. The patterned nanomagnets magnetic state is single domain and well-defined shape anisotropy. Despite the presence of the patterned media on top of the Au film, the system exhibits surface plasmon resonance characteristics of a continuous film, i.e., propagating surface plasmon-polaritons

Non-O1 Vibrio cholerae inguinal skin and soft tissue infection with bullous skin lesions in a patient with a penis squamous cell carcinoma

Vibrio spp. is a pathogen rarely isolated in cancer patients, and in most cases it is associated with haematological diseases. Cutaneous manifestations of this organism are even rarer. We report a case of Non-O1 Vibrio cholerae inguinal skin and soft tissue infection presenting bullous skin lesions in a young type II diabetic patient with a penis squamous cell carcinoma having a seawater exposure history

A System for In-Line 3D Inspection without Hidden Surfaces

[EN] This work presents a 3D scanner able to reconstruct a complete object without occlusions, including its surface appearance. The technique presents a number of differences in relation to current scanners: it does not require mechanical handling like robot arms or spinning plates, it is free of occlusions since the scanned part is not resting on any surface and, unlike stereo-based methods, the object does not need to have visual singularities on its surface. This system, among other applications, allows its integration in production lines that require the inspection of a large volume of parts or products, especially if there is an important variability of the objects to be inspected, since there is no mechanical manipulation. The scanner consists of a variable number of industrial quality cameras conveniently distributed so that they can capture all the surfaces of the object without any blind spot. The object is dropped through the common visual field of all the cameras, so no surface or tool occludes the views that are captured simultaneously when the part is in the center of the visible volume. A carving procedure that uses the silhouettes segmented from each image gives rise to a volumetric representation and, by means of isosurface generation techniques, to a 3D model. These techniques have certain limitations on the reconstruction of object regions with particular geometric configurations. Estimating the inherent maximum error in each area is important to bound the precision of the reconstruction. A number of experiments are presented reporting the differences between ideal and reconstructed objects in the system.This work was partially funded by Generalitat Valenciana through I+D IVACE (Valencian Institute of Business Competitiveness) and FEDER (European Regional Developement Fund) supports under project IMDEEA/2018/115.Perez-Cortes, J.; Pérez Jiménez, AJ.; Sáez Barona, S.; Guardiola Garcia, JL.; Salvador Igual, I. (2018). A System for In-Line 3D Inspection without Hidden Surfaces. Sensors. 18(9):1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18092993S12518

Glucocerebrosidase expression patterns in the non-human primate brain

Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) is a lysosomal enzyme encoded by the GBA1 gene. Mutations in GBA1 gene lead to Gaucher’s disease, the most prevalent lysosomal storage disorder. GBA1 mutations reduce GCase activity, therefore promoting the aggregation of alphasynuclein, a common neuropathological finding underlying Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies. However, it is also worth noting that a direct link between GBA1 mutations and alpha-synuclein aggregation indicating cause and effect is still lacking, with limited experimental evidence to date. Bearing in mind that a number of strategies increasing GCase expression for the treatment of PD are currently under development, here we sought to analyze the baseline expression of GCase in the brain of Macaca fascicularis, which has often been considered as the gold-standard animal model of PD. Although as with other lysosomal enzymes, GCase is expected to be ubiquitously expressed, here a number of regional variations have been consistently found, together with several specific neurochemical phenotypes expressing very high levels of GCase. In this regard, the most enriched expression of GCase was constantly found in cholinergic neurons from the nucleus basalis of Meynert, dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta, serotoninergic neurons from the raphe nuclei, as well as in noradrenergic neurons located in the locus ceruleus. Moreover, it is also worth noting that moderate levels of expression were also found in a number of areas within the paleocortex and archicortex, such as the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampal formation, respectively