Preferences for vehicle ownership and mode choice for commuting trips in Córdoba City

This study presents a nested logit model integrating mode choice decisions for commuting trips, private vehicle ownership and the preferences for car and motorcycle buying as a response to changes in transport modes level of services. The estimation results confirm the hypothesis of interdependence between urban travel mode choice for commuting based on transport modes service levels and the car and motorcycle ownership decision. A scenario analysis and the calculation of demand elasticities allowed us to determine the sensitivity of transport mode use and private vehicle buying preferences to changes in urban travel conditions. Particularly, there would be significant sensitivity of car buying preferences to parking costs and also worse bus travel times could encourage car and motorcycle buying decisions in the short run aggravating the current traffic congestion conditions at rush hours. Also, there is scope for further research, evaluation and implementation of policies such as “guided buses” or “exclusive lanes for transit services” in order to cope with urban traffic congestion promoting the use of public transport alternatives.Fil: Sartori, Juan José Pompilio. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Departamento de Economía y Finanzas; Argentina.Fil: Robledo, Carlos Walter. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Departamento de Economía y Finanzas; Argentina.Economía, Econometrí

Aspectos clínicos e sorológicos de 47 pacientes com paracoccidioidomicose tratados pela anfotericina B

In the present study, clinic and serologic aspects of 47 paracoccidioidomycosis patients were reviewed. The clinic-radiologie-laboratorial data of each patient were obtained from the medical chart before, during and after therapy with Amphotericin B. The age of the patients ranged between 13 to 50 years; the ratio male: female was 10:1. The most frequently associated diseases were alcoholism and tabagism; tuberculosis was present in 14.2% of the cases. Most patients came from Botucatu of adjacent towns (central area of the State of São Paulo). Cough with sputum production, dyspnea and anorexia were the most frequent clinic manifestations. All 47 patients, but 5 presented pulmonary involvement which showed the radiologic pattern of interstitial exudate nodular type and fibrocicatritial lesions in 85.7%. There was associated emphysema in 37.7% of the patients. Blood urea, creatinin and kaliemia increased during therapy with Amphotericin B. Clinic-laboratorial follow-up showed electrocardiographic changes in 13, hypertension in 9 and hyperreactivity in Thorn test in 1 patient. Complement fixation was the best serologic test for monitoring patients with paracoccidioidomycosis. Incomplete dosage of Amphotericin B led to therapeutic ineffectivenes

Major clinical findings of ortho-surgical procedures in Class II patients: a concise systematic review

Introduction: In the ortho-surgery treatment, the AOB is an easily recognized malocclusion and presents only aesthetic and functional problems. Its etiology is multifactorial, including heredity, oral habits, unfavorable growth patterns, and increased lymphatic tissue along with mouth breathing and functional oral matrices. The prevalence of anterior open bite in the early mixed dentition is approximately 17.0-25%. Objective: the present study aimed to list the major clinical findings of ortho-surgical procedures in class II patients, as well as to analyze the risks of bias between the selected clinical studies. Methods: The present study was followed by a systematic literature review model, according to the PRISMA rules. The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The present study was carried out from February to June of 2022. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument, with randomized controlled clinical studies, prospective controlled clinical studies, and studies of systematic review and meta-analysis listed as the studies with the greatest scientific evidence, and the Risk of Bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument (Funnel Plot Analysis). Results and Conclusion: A total of 111 articles were found. After this process, the abstracts were evaluated and a new exclusion was performed based on the GRADE Instrument and Risk of Bias. A total of 57 articles were fully evaluated and 13 clinical studies were included and discussed in this systematic review study. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 27 studies that were excluded with a Major Risk of Bias (studies with small sample size), and 44 studies that were excluded with a Minor Risk of Bias. Also, 7 studies were excluded because they did not meet the GRADE. Significant improvement in anterior occlusion can be expected in most patients when maxillary or mandibular surgery is used for Class II open bite correction. However, there will be individual patients in whom there will be considerable post-treatment changes in the anteroposterior and vertical dimensions. Although individual morphology needs to be taken into account, it appears that both short-term and long-term stability are likely to be greater after Le Fort I surgery compared to bilateral sagittal split osteotomy

Peso e idade à puberdade e suas correlações com medidas morfométricas em cordeiras mestiças Suffolk

Os objetivos neste trabalho foram identificar e correlacionar parâmetros que caracterizem a puberdade e estimar a idade e o peso à puberdade de cordeiras mestiças Suffolk. Amostras de sangue de 22 borregas foram coletadas e centrifugadas e o plasma armazenado a -20 ºC para posterior análise das concentrações de progesterona (P4) por meio de radioimunoensaio. As medidas morfométricas aferidas foram: comprimento e largura da cabeça; comprimento do corpo; altura de cernelha; perímetro torácico; diâmetro dorso-esternal; comprimento, altura e largura de garupa; perímetro de canela; e largura entre ísquios e ílios, utilizando-se fita métrica. Definiu-se como início da puberdade quando os animais apresentaram concentração plasmática de P4 >1,0 ng/mL, o que ocorreu aos 34,1 ± 5,2 kg de peso vivo e 39,5 ± 8,5 semanas de idade. Entretanto, as cordeiras que não atingiram a puberdade (37,7 ± 11,4 semanas de idade) apresentaram peso menor. As medidas morfométricas apresentam médias e baixas correlações com idade e peso à puberdade.The objective of this study was to identify and to correlate parameters that characterize puberty and estimate the age and weight of Suffolk ewe lambs in Mato Grosso do Sul. This study was carried out with twenty-two Suffolk ewe lambs for 256 days. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein and centrifugated and the plasma were stored at -20°C until analysis of progesterone (P4) concentration by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The morphometric measurements included: head length and width, body length, elbow height, chest perimeter, back-sternal diameter, croup length, width and height, cannon bone perimeter and shoulder and hip width, using a tape. The animals became pubertal when the plasma progesterone concentration was >1.0 ng/mL, at 34.1 ± 5.2 kg and 39.5 ± 8.5 weeks of age. Meanwhile, the lambs that did not reach puberty (37.7 ± 11.4 weeks of age) were lighter. The morphometric measurements has medium to low correlations with age and weight at puberty

FORMULATION OF IRON-ENRICHED POWDERED MILK

The objective of this work was to study the enrichment of powdered milk with two different iron sources: ferrous sulfate and aminoacid chelate iron. Iron sources were added before and after milk drying. Reconstitution, oxidative stability and bioavailability of iron sources were studied. Regarding enrichment mode, differences were not found in the studied characteristics. Both technological processes were simple and easy to perform in the laboratory. Oxidative stability of powdered milk was greater when aminoacid chelate iron was used and both sources differed from the control. Aminoacid chelate iron showed greater bioavailability in vitro (31.81%) than ferrous sulfate (17.41%). The bioavailability deduced in vivo, was 15.45% for aminoacid chelate iron and 8.66 % for ferrous sulfate. Aminoacid chelate iron revealed better oxidative stability and better bioavailability compared to ferrous sulfate, being a good source to enrich powdered milk.Este trabalho objetivou estudar o enriquecimento de leite em pó com duas fontes diferentes de ferro: sulfato ferroso e ferro aminoácido quelato. As fontes de ferro foram adicionadas antes e após a secagem do leite. Foram estudadas a reconstituição, a estabilidade oxidativa e a biodisponibilidade das fontes de ferro. Quanto à forma de enriquecimento não houve diferença entre as características estudadas. Ambos os processos tecnológicos mostraram-se simples e de fácil execução em laboratório. A estabilidade oxidativa do leite enriquecido foi maior quando se utilizou ferro aminoácido quelato e ambas as fontes diferiram do controle. O ferro aminoácido quelato apresentou maior biodisponibilidade in vitro (31,81%) que o sulfato ferroso (17,41%). A biodisponibilidade in vivo, deduzida, foi de 15,45% para o ferro aminoácido quelato e de 8,66% para o sulfato ferroso. O ferro aminoácido quelato mostrou melhor estabilidade oxidativa e melhor biodisponibilidade comparado com o sulfato ferroso, constituindo boa fonte para o enriquecimento do leite em pó

Functional behavior of patients with conventional pacemakers undergoing cardiac resynchronization

FUNDAMENTO: A terapia de ressincronização cardíaca (TRC) é eficiente no tratamento de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca (IC), disfunção ventricular grave e bloqueio intraventricular. O marcapasso convencional (MPC) em região apical de ventrículo direito provoca alterações da seqüência de ativação normal do coração semelhante às do BRE. Nesse sentido, pacientes com MPC e IC avançada poderiam ser candidatos a TRC, mas reduzidas casuísticas foram avaliadas e não há conclusões definitivas. OBJETIVO: Analisar o comportamento clínico-funcional da terapia de ressincronização cardíaca (TRC) nos portadores de marcapasso convencional. MÉTODOS: Pacientes com MPC, IC-CF(NYHA) III/IV refratária a terapêutica medicamentosa, fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE) <35%, foram submetidos a TRC. O comportamento clínico-funcional foi avaliado prospectivamente após seis meses. A redução de uma CF-IC foi estabelecida como resposta efetiva ao procedimento. Foram analisados: duração do QRS (ECG), diâmetro diastólico (DDVE), diâmetro sistólico do ventrículo esquerdo (DSVE) e FEVE ao ECO. A análise estatística utilizou os testes t de Student pareado e a correlação de Spearman. RESULTADOS: Vinte e nove pacientes com idade média de 61,5 anos foram estudados. Seis eram do sexo feminino e houve predomínio da cardiomiopatia chagásica. Em seguimento clínico de 22,7±13 meses, 86,2% dos pacientes melhoraram com a TRC. Nesse grupo, a FEVE média aumentou em 18% (p=0,013); houve redução da duração do QRS em 11,8% (p=0,002) e não houve redução significativa dos diâmetros intracavitários do ventrículo esquerdo. CONCLUSÃO: A TRC é efetiva para pacientes com MPC e IC avançada porque proporciona taxa elevada de responsivos (86,2%), melhora significativa da FEVE e redução da duração do QRS.BACKGROUND: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an efficient treatment for patients with heart failure (HF), severe ventricular dysfunction and intraventricular block. Conventional pacemakers (CPM) implanted in the right ventricular apical area cause alterations in the normal sequence of cardiac activation similar to those induced by LBBB (left bundle-branch block). Therefore, patients with CPM and advanced HF could be candidates to undergo CRT, but as only small numbers of patients have been evaluated so far, definitive conclusions are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical and functional outcome of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with conventional pacemakers. METHODS: Patients with CPM, who were in NYHA HF functional class III/IV class refractory to drug therapy, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ) <35% underwent CRT. Patients’ clinical-functional behavior was assessed prospectively six months after the procedure. The improvement of one HF-functional class was set as an effective response to the procedure. The following was assessed: QRS duration (ECG), diastolic diameter (LVDd), left ventricular systolic diameter (LVSd) and LVEF seen on the echocardiogram. For the statistical analysis, Student’s paired t test and Spearman’s correlation were used. RESULTS: Twenty-nine patients (mean age 61.5) were evaluated. Of these, six were females, and chagasic cardiomyopathy was predominant. During the clinical follow-up of 22.7±13 months, 86.2% of the patients benefited from CRT. Within this group, the mean LVEF increased by 18% (p=0.013), QRS duration dropped by 11.8% (p=0.002) and no significant reduction in left ventricular intracavitary diameters was observed. CONCLUSION: CRT is effective for patients with CPM and advanced HF as it yields a high rate of response (86.2%), significantly improves LVEF and reduces QRS duration

Rastreabilidade de subprodutos de origem animal em dietas com levedura e trigo para frangos

The aim of this paper was to trace the presence of meals from animal origin, in diets for broilers with or without yeast and wheat meal, through the analysis of breast muscle, by using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope techniques. Two hundred ten male chicks (Cobb) one‑day old were randomly distributed to seven treatments (30 birds each), with a control diet (exclusively vegetal), and six diets containing meat and bone meal or poultry offal meal, with or without yeast and wheat meal in their compositions. At 42 days ofage, four broilers randomly chosen, by treatment were slaughtered, and their breast muscles were collected for isotopic ratio analysis. The isotopic results were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis of variance. The treatments differed from the control and the inclusion of meals of animal origin was identified by stable isotope techniques, even when there was yeast or wheat meal included in the diet.O objetivo deste trabalho foi rastrear a inclussão de farinhas de origem animal em rações para frango de corte com ou sem levedura de cana-de-açúcar e farelo de trigo, por meio da análise do músculo peitoral das aves pelas técnicas dos isótopos estáveis de carbono e nitrogênio. Foram utilizados 210 pintos machos(Cobb), com um dia de idade, distribuídos aleatoriamente em sete tratamentos de 30 aves cada, tendo sido um tratamento controle (dieta vegetal) e seis com inclusão de farinha de carne e ossos bovina ou farinha de vísceras de aves na dieta, com ou sem levedura de cana-de-açúcar e farelo de trigo. Aos 42 dias de idade, foram abatidas quatro aves, por tratamento, escolhidas ao acaso, cujo músculo peitoral foi retirado para análise da razão isotópica. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise multivariada. Os tratamentos experimentais diferiram do tratamento controle, e foi identificada a inclusão de farinha de origem animal, pelas técnicas dos isótopos estáveis, mesmo com inclusão de levedura ou farelo de trigo na dieta

Guarana supplementation attenuated obesity, insulin resistance, and adipokines dysregulation induced by a standardized human Western diet via brown adipose tissue activation

Obesity is a metabolic disorder associated with adverse health consequences that has increased worldwide at an epidemic rate. This has encouraged many people to utilize nonprescription herbal supplements for weight loss without knowledge of their safety or efficacy. However, mounting evidence has shown that some herbal supplements used for weight loss are associated with adverse effects. Guarana seed powder is a popular nonprescription dietary herb supplement marketed for weight loss, but no study has demonstrated its efficacy or safety when administered alone. Wistar rats were fed four different diets (low‐fat diet and Western diet with or without guarana supplementation) for 18 weeks. Metabolic parameters, gut microbiota changes, and toxicity were then characterized. Guarana seed powder supplementation prevented weight gain, insulin resistance, and adipokine dysregulation induced by Western diet compared with the control diet. Guarana induced brown adipose tissue expansion, mitochondrial biogenesis, uncoupling protein‐1 overexpression, AMPK activation, and minor changes in gut microbiota. Molecular docking suggested a direct activation of AMPK by four guarana compounds tested here. We propose that brown adipose tissue activation is one of the action mechanisms involved in guarana supplementation‐ induced weight loss and that direct AMPK activation may underlie this mechanism. In summary, guarana is an attractive potential therapeutic agent to treat obesity

Implante Pediátrico de Cardioversor-Desfibrilador pela Via Transtorácica Transatrial

Os autores relatam o caso de uma criança de 23 meses de idade, portadora de síndrome do QT longo congênito, submetida a implante de cardioversor-desfibrilador atrioventricular. A criança apresentou três episódios de fibrilaçao ventricular revertida após manobras convencionais de ressuscitaçao cardiopulmonar e desfibrilaçao transtorácica externa, previamente ao implante. Devido à descontinuidade da fabricaçao de placas epimiocárdicas, foi utilizado a via transtorácica para o implante dos cabos-eletrodos, com abordagem epimiocárdica para o eletrodo atrial e endocárdica transatrial para o implante do eletrodo ventricular convencional