37628 EFFECTS OF NEUROMUSCULAR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION ON THE MASTICATORY MUSCLES AND PHYSIOLOGIC SLEEP VARIABLES IN ADULTS WITH CEREBRAL PALSY: A NOVEL THERAPY APPROACH- PILOT STUDY

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a term employed to define a group of non-progressive neuromotor disorders caused by damage to the immature or developing brain, with consequent limitations regarding movement and posture. CP may impair orapharygeal muscle tone, leading to a compromised chewing function and to sleep disorders (such as obstructive sleep apnea). Thirteen adults with CP underwent bilateral masseter and temporalis neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) therapy. The effects on the masticatory muscles and sleep variables were evaluated using electromyography (EMG) and polysomnography (PSG), respectively, prior and after 2 months of NMES. EMG consisted of 3 tests in different positions: rest, mouth opening and maximum clenching effort (MCE). EMG values in the rest position were 100% higher than values recorded prior to therapy for all muscles analyzed (p < 0.05); mean mouth opening increased from 38.0 ± 8.0 to 44.0 ± 10.0 cm (p = 0.03). A significant difference in MCE was found only for the right masseter. PSG revealed an improved in the AHI from 7.2±7.0/h to 2.3±1.5/h (p < 0.05); total sleep time improved from 185 min to 250 min (p = 0.04) and minimun SaO2 improved from 83.6 ± 3.0 to 86.4 ± 4.0 (p = 0.04). NMES performed over a two-month period led to improvements in the electrical activity of the masticatory muscles at rest, mouth opening, isometric contraction and sleep variables, including the elimination of obstructive sleep apnea events in patients with CP. Trial registration: ReBEC RBR994XFS http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Efeitos da Isradipina (LOMIR). Agente inibidor de canais de cálcio, no processo de reparo em feridas de extração dental: estudo histológico em ratos

In order to make a histological evaluation of the dental alveolus wound healing in presence of the Isradipine (Lomir/Sandoz Pharma), the new calcium channels blockers, forthy-eight albino rats were utilized. These animals were divided in two groups. The animals of group I were considered as control; in group II, after the dental extractions the rats received intraperitonial injections of 2,5 mg/Kg of isradipine, administered a single dose. From each group of animals were sacrificed at 3, 7, 14 and 21 post-operative days. The pieces were fixed, descalcified and embedded in paraffin. The blocks thus obtained were cut at 6 micrometers thick and sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for morphological study. According to the results obtained i t was verified that the treated animals did not alter of wound healing after dental extractionsCom a finalidade de analisar os efeitos da Isradipina, recente bloqueador dos canais de cálcio lançado no mercado, no processo de reparo em feridas de extração dental, foram utilizados 48 ratos albinos. Estes animais foram divididos em dois grupos. Os animais do grupo I serviram de controle e, os do grupo II, em seguida à extração dental receberam, por via intraperiotonial, 2, 5 mg/Kg de isradipina (Lomir /Sandoz Pharma) em dose única. De cada grupo, foram sacrificados 4 animais, após 3, 7, 14 e 21 dias pós-operatórios. Os espécimes obtidos foram fixados, descalcificados e incluídos em parafina. Os cortes foram corados pela hematoxilina e eosina para o estudo morfológico. Com base nos resultados obtidos, concluímos que a isradipina, não afetou a cronologia nem a qualidade do processo de reparo alveolar em feridas de extração dental, em rato

The influence of an abdominal support for a dental stool in the distributions and electrical activity of the longissimus and the superior trapezius muscle in dentists

This study evaluated the influence an abdominal support attached to a traditional stool, of those used by dentists, has on the body's distribution of the electrical activity of the superior trapezius and the longissimus thoracic muscles of dental students during the execution of a clinical procedure. The results showed no significant difference in the body's distribution in the seat and backrest, but did reveal there was a weight discharge of 3.1 +/- 1.9% of dentist's body weight in the abdominal support. The 9 o'clock position proved to be the best position to perform clinical procedures. It was also observed that the position was closer to the body's axis

Severe secondary hyperparathyroidism and panoramic radiography parameters

Renal osteodystrophy (RO) are skeletal abnormalities seen in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). This study aims to evaluate the effects of RO using panoramic radiography parameters. Furthermore, the correlation between these parameters and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels was tested.status: publishe

Correlation between hand/wrist and panoramic radiographs in severe secondary hyperparathyroidism

Objectives: Hand/wrist and dental radiographs are important for osteoporosis analysis in secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). This study evaluated whether a correlation exists between the effects of the disease on the hands and jaws, and investigated the association between osteoporosis progression in the hands and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Materials and methods: Four panoramic radiographic parameters (mental index, mandibular cortical index, trabecular bone pattern, and calcification/resorption) and four corresponding hand/wrist radiographic parameters (metacarpal cortical thickness, phalangeal cortical index, trabecular bone pattern, and calcification/resorption) were applied to investigate possible correlation between the effects of SHPT on the jaws and hands/wrists, by Spearman's correlation coefficient. PTH levels and the hand/wrist radiographic parameters were also tested by spearman's correlation coefficient (p < 0.05). The presence of brown tumors, vascular calcifications, and acroosteolysis on the hands was also evaluated. Results: Mandibular cortical index was strongly correlated with the phalangeal cortical index (p = 0.000). Phalangeal cortical index and trabecular bone pattern of hand/wrist correlated with PTH levels (0.002 and 0.000, respectively). Brown tumors occurred in four CKD patients, while both vascular calcifications and acroosteolysis were observed in 19 patients. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between the morphological changes caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism in hand and jaw bones. The morphological status can be assessed using the mandibular cortical index, besides the phalangeal cortical index. The latter correlates well with parathyroid hormone levels of advanced chronic kidney disease. Clinical relevance: Panoramic images reveal morphological changes in the jaw bone, indicating likewise changes in the hand/wrist in severe secondary hyperparathyroidism. The severity of the bone changes may be a reflection of the parathyroid hormone levels in advanced chronic kidney disease. © 2012 Springer-Verlag