The Tadpole of \u3cem\u3eProceratophrys Avelinoi\u3c/em\u3e (Anura: Leptodactylidae)

The genus Proceratoprhys is poorly known. It consists of 14 currently recognized species (Frost, 2000) of medium-sized frogs distributed from northeastern Argentina and Paraguay to southeast Amazonia (Rondonia State), eastern and southern Brazil Proceratophrys avelinoi was described from Misiones, Argentina (Mercadal de Barrio and Barrio, 1993). The larval stage of this species is unknown. Herein, we describe the tadpole and the characteristics of the internal oral anatomy of P. avelinoi using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

The Tadpole of Proceratophrys avelinoi (Anura: Leptodactylidae)

The genus Proceratoprhrys is poorly known. It consists of 14 currently recognized species (Frost, 2000) of medium-sized frogs distributed from northeastern Argentina and Paraguay to southeast Amazonia (Rondonia State), eastern and southern Brazil. Proceratophrys avelinoi was described from Misiones, Argentina (Mercadal de Barrio and Barrio, 1993). The larval stage of this species is unknown. Herein, we describe the tadpole and the characteristics of the internal oral anatomy of P avelinoi using scanning electron micros- copy (SEM)

High genetic diversity but low population structure in the frog Pseudopaludicola falcipes (Hensel, 1867) (Amphibia, Anura) from the Pampas of South America

Relative to South America’s ecoregions, the temperate grasslands of the Pampas have been poorly studied from a phylogeographic perspective. Based on an intermediate biogeographic setting between subtropical forest (Atlantic Forest) and arid ecosystems (Chaco and Patagonia), Pampean species are expected to show unstable demographic histories due to the Quaternary climatic oscillations. Herein, we investigate the phylogenetic relatedness and phylogeographic history of Pseudopaludicola falcipes, a small and common frog that is widely distributed across the Pampean grasslands. First, we use molecular data to assess if P. falcipes represents a single or multiple, separately evolving cryptic lineages. Because P. falcipes is a small-size species (\u3c20 mm) with extensive coloration and morphological variation, we suspected that it might represent a complex of cryptic species. In addition, we expected strong genetic and geographic structuring within Pseudopaludicola falcipes due to its large geographic distribution, potentially short dis- persal distances, and multiple riverine barriers. We found that P. falcipes is a single evolutionary lineage with poor geographic structuring. Furthermore, current populations of P. falcipes have a large effective population size, maintain ancestral polymorphisms, and have a complex network of gene flow. We conclude that the demographic history of P. falcipes, combined with its ecological attributes and the landscape features of the Pampas, favored a unique combination among anurans of small body size, large population size, high genetic variability, but high cohesiveness of populations over a wide geographic distribution

Categorización de los anfibios de Uruguay

Sobre la base del trabajo de Reca et al. (1994) con modificaciones, se calculó el valor del SUMIN (Suma de Índices) para las 42 especies de anfibios registradas en Uruguay. A los efectos de reflejar mejor la variación entre las especies autóctonas, algunas de las variables propuestas por los mencionados autores fueron modificadas y una de ellas suprimida. Los datos obtenidos permiten concluir que las especies uruguayas de anfibios pueden ser divididas en tres grupos. El primero está compuesto por los ocho taxa más frágiles (SUMIN>13) los que, por ser endémicos o poseer distribución restringida, requieren esfuerzos para su conservaci ón. Otro grupo (SUMIN entre 10 y 13) está compuesto por 11 especies que son encontradas ocasionalmente o poseen una distribución geográfica marginal, aunque no son endémicas. El último grupo (SUMIN13) that require efforts for their conservation and that are endemic or with a restricted distribution. Another group (SUMIN between 10 and 13) is composed of 11 species that are ocasionally found or have marginal distribution, but are not endemic. The other group (SUMIN<10) is composed of 23 species with regional distribution, wide trophic amplitude and stable populations. Comparisons with national and regional previous works are made. Major priorities about research are suggested in order to arise more sharpen categorization. The implementation of a National System of Protected Areas is evaluated as being an important factor to favour the species conservation.Asociación Herpetológica Argentina (AHA

Categorización de los anfibios de Uruguay

Sobre la base del trabajo de Reca et al. (1994) con modificaciones, se calculó el valor del SUMIN (Suma de Índices) para las 42 especies de anfibios registradas en Uruguay. A los efectos de reflejar mejor la variación entre las especies autóctonas, algunas de las variables propuestas por los mencionados autores fueron modificadas y una de ellas suprimida. Los datos obtenidos permiten concluir que las especies uruguayas de anfibios pueden ser divididas en tres grupos. El primero está compuesto por los ocho taxa más frágiles (SUMIN>13) los que, por ser endémicos o poseer distribución restringida, requieren esfuerzos para su conservaci ón. Otro grupo (SUMIN entre 10 y 13) está compuesto por 11 especies que son encontradas ocasionalmente o poseen una distribución geográfica marginal, aunque no son endémicas. El último grupo (SUMIN13) that require efforts for their conservation and that are endemic or with a restricted distribution. Another group (SUMIN between 10 and 13) is composed of 11 species that are ocasionally found or have marginal distribution, but are not endemic. The other group (SUMIN<10) is composed of 23 species with regional distribution, wide trophic amplitude and stable populations. Comparisons with national and regional previous works are made. Major priorities about research are suggested in order to arise more sharpen categorization. The implementation of a National System of Protected Areas is evaluated as being an important factor to favour the species conservation.Asociación Herpetológica Argentina (AHA

The Tadpole of \u3cem\u3eLeptodactylus notoaktites\u3c/em\u3e Heyer, 1978 (Anura, Leptodactylidae)

The external morphology and oral disc of the tadpole of Leptodactylus notoaktites Heyer, 1978, are described and illustrated for Gosner’s stage 33. The internal oral anatomy was analyzed under SEM at Gosner’s stage 36 whereas chondrocranial anatomy is reported for Gosner’ stage 38. The morphology of this tadpole is compared with those available for other species of the L. mystaceus complex. The overall characteristics do not depart from those known for the genus Leptodactylus and they particularly agree for those of the fuscus species group. The labial tooth row formula is 2(2)/3

The Identity of the Crackling, Luminescent Frog of Suriname (\u3cem\u3eRana typhonia\u3c/em\u3e Linnaeus, 1758) (Amphibia, Anura)

Review of the literature and recently available field notes from the collector of the type allows a reconsideration of the identity of the Linnaean name Rana typhonia. We provide evidence to demonstrate that the Linnaean species is neither a bufonid nor an Asiatic ranid, but a Neotropical hylid. Subsequently, we consider Rana typhonia as an older synonym of Rana venulosa Laurenti, 1768, redescribing its holotype under the new combination, Trachycephalus typhonius (Linnaeus, 1758)

Comentarios nomenclatoriales sobre algunos taxa del grupo de <i>Hyla pulchella</i> (Anura: hylidae)

En la presente nota discutimos algunos aspectos de la nomenclatura, tipos portadores de nombre y localidades tipo de un conjunto de taxa del grupo Hyla pulchella (en el sentido de Duellman et al., 1997), incluyendo a Hyla pulchella cochabambae, Hyla pulchella cordobae e Hyla andina.Asociación Herpetológica Argentina (AHA

Estructura del condrocráneo y esqueleto vísceral de larvas de Elachistocleis bicolor (Valenciannes, 1838) (Anura: microhylidae)

El condrocráneo y el esqueleto visceral de las larvas de Elachistocleis bicolor en estadios comparables al 31-35 de la tabla d e Gosner muestran una interesante combinación de estructuras de tipo "ranoideo" (alas del suprarrostral, unión entre infrarrostrales y cartílago de Meckel. condrificación dorsal de cartilagos orbitales, etc.) con estructuras de tipo "microhyloideo" (suprarrostral, infrarrostrales, proceso urobranquial, cestilla branquial, espiculas. etc.). Se trata, además, de la única especie reportada hasta el momento para la región neotropical que muestra una proyección posterior en el suspensorio, similar a la reportada para algunas especies de la familia de la IndiaThe chondrocranium and visceral skeleton of Elachistocleis color tadpoles (at stages 31-35 of Gosner's developmental table) show a peculiar mixture of "ranoid" (suprarostral alae, the joint between infrarostral and Meckel's cartilage. the dorsal condrification of orbital cartilages, etc.) and "microhyloid" characteres (suprarostral, infrarostrals, urobranchial preocess, branchial basquet, spicles, etc.). Furthermore, is unique among the known neotropical microhylids in having a posterior projection in the suspensorium, as in some Indian tadpoles of this family.Asociación Herpetológica Argentin

Comentarios nomenclatoriales sobre algunos taxa del grupo de <i>Hyla pulchella</i> (Anura: hylidae)

En la presente nota discutimos algunos aspectos de la nomenclatura, tipos portadores de nombre y localidades tipo de un conjunto de taxa del grupo Hyla pulchella (en el sentido de Duellman et al., 1997), incluyendo a Hyla pulchella cochabambae, Hyla pulchella cordobae e Hyla andina.Asociación Herpetológica Argentina (AHA